The microalga Porphyridium accumulates high-value compounds such as phycoerythrin, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polysaccharides, and thus, the extraction of these compounds could significantly ...expand the value of Porphyridium biomass. In the present study, a novel fractional extraction strategy based on the characteristics of these compounds was established using cold water, 95% ethanol, and hot water. The yield of phycoerythrin, lipids, and polysaccharides was 63.3, 74.3, and 75.2%, respectively. The phycoerythrin exhibited excellent fluorescence characteristics but had low purity. The crude lipid was dark with poor fluidity. Digalactosyldiacylglycerol and sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol containing C20:5 and C20:4 were the most abundant glycerolipids, while glucose, xylose, and galactose constituted the intracellular polysaccharides that had covalently bound to proteins (8.01%), uronic acid (4.13%), and sulfate (8.31%). Compared with polysaccharides and crude lipids, crude phycoerythrin showed the best antioxidant activity. Overall, the three-step fractional extraction process was feasible for Porphyridium; however, further purification is necessary for downstream applications.
, a well-known cyanobacterium, is widely applied not only in human and animal nutrition but also in cosmetics for its high amounts of active products. The biochemical composition plays a key role in ...the application performance of the
biomass. The present study aimed to evaluate the growth and biochemical composition characteristics of
, cultured with a nitrogen-free and seawater-supplemented medium in an outdoor raceway pond in winter. The results showed that the biomass yield could achieve 222.42 g m
, and the carbohydrate content increased by 247% at the end of the culture period (26 d), compared with that of the starter culture. The daily and annual areal productivities were 3.96 g m
d
and 14.44 ton ha
yr
for biomass and 2.88 g m
d
and 10.53 ton ha
yr
for carbohydrates, respectively. On the contrary, a profound reduction was observed in protein, lipid, and pigment contents. Glucose, the main monosaccharide in the
biomass, increased from 77.81% to 93.75% of total monosaccharides. Based on these results, large-scale production of carbohydrate-rich
biomass was achieved via a low-cost culture, involving simultaneous nitrogen deficiency and supplementary seawater in winter.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have emerged as important roles in various inflammatory processes of rheumatic diseases. However, their expression profiles and influences in the pathogenesis of ankylosing ...spondylitis (AS) remain unclear. In this study, we revealed the differential expression profiles of circRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in AS by circRNA sequencing. We screened the differentially expressed circRNAs in AS and verified that hsa_circ_0000652 was upregulated and had potential to be a biomarker of progression. Functionally, hsa_circ_0000652 promoted proliferation and cytokine production in macrophages and inhibited apoptosis. Through dual-luciferase assays and RNA pull-down assays, we demonstrated that hsa_circ_0000652 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by binding with hsa-miR-1179 and regulated OX40L, which is characterized as a co-stimulatory molecule and found to be upregulated in AS patients. As a result, hsa_circ_0000652 aggravated the inflammation in the coculture system containing CD4
T cells and macrophages via OX40/OX40L interaction. Our findings suggest that hsa_circ_0000652 was upregulated in AS patients and may serve as a pro-inflammatory factor in macrophages and a positive regulator of OX40/OX40L by sponging hsa-miR-1179.
Macrophages activation is crucial in pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases like ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Circular RNAs (circRNAs)-induced macrophage-associated inflammation participates in many ...autoimmune diseases but remains elusive in AS. Here, we verified increased expression of circIFNGR2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with AS and its expression levels were correlated with the AS severity. In vitro assays revealed that circIFNGR2 enhances macrophage proliferation, and regulates M1/M2 macrophage polarization and NF-κB/Akt pathways. We identified that circIFNGR2 promoted the expression of iNOS/TNFα and M1 polarization, and restrained M2 polarization by sponging miR-939. Additionally, the RNA-binding protein, eIF4A3, was found to enhance the production of circIFNGR2. Interestingly, miR-939 attenuated joint damage in collagen-induced arthritis mice, whereas circIFNGR2 reversed this effect. Our findings highlight the pro-inflammatory roles of eIF4A3-induced circIFNGR2 in AS by modulating macrophage-associated inflammation through miR-939.
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•CircIFNGR2 is associated with disease status of ankylosing spondylitis•CircIFNGR2 promotes M1 macrophage but restrains M2 macrophage polarization•EIF4A3-induced circIFNGR2 regulates macrophage-associated inflammation via miR-939•CircIFNGR2/miR-939 collaboratively regulated inflammatory arthritis
Clinical genetics; Pathophysiology; Disease
Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of diabetes, and primary Sjögren’s syndrome is a disease that poses a major threat to women’s health. Therefore, studying these two diseases is of ...practical significance. In the field of spectral analysis, although common Raman spectral feature selection models can effectively extract features, they have the problem of changing the characteristics of the original data. The teacher-student network combined with Raman spectroscopy can perform feature selection while retaining the original features, and transfer the performance of the complex deep neural network structure to another lightweight network structure model. This study selects five flow learning models as the teacher network, builds a neural network as the student network, uses multi-layer perceptron for classification, and selects the optimal features based on the evaluation indicators accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. After five-fold cross-validation, the research results show that in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy, the optimal accuracy rate can reach 98.3%, which is 14.02% higher than the existing research; in the diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome, the optimal accuracy rate can be reached 100%, which is 10.48% higher than the existing research. This study proved the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy combined with teacher-student network in the field of disease diagnosis by producing good experimental results in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy and primary Sjögren’s syndrome.
The demands for efficiency and stability in space missions have necessitated the development of sequence planning schemes for on-orbit robotic assembly of space structures. A sequence planning method ...is proposed in this work based on robotic kinematic analysis and Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) algorithm with a diversification strategy. With feasibility as the constraint and assembly cost as the objective function, the assembly sequence planning is regarded as an optimization problem. The assembly relationship constraint is depicted as the dependency between assembly steps represented by a directed acyclic graph. An abstract modeling method based on robotic kinematics is proposed to construct geometric feasibility constraint, accommodating the interference stemming from the multi-degree-of-freedom motion of the robotic system. A diversification strategy is exploited to address the issue of local optima arising from solving the optimal sequence based on SOS. A cost prediction method using previously calculated populations as samples is proposed to reduce the reliance on robotic dynamic analysis for cost calculation. Finally, simulations are carried out to validate the practicability of the proposed method.
•The on-orbit robotic assembly sequence planning is modeled as an optimization problem with feasibility constraints.•The dependencies and priorities between steps are considered in the feasibility constraints of multi-DOF robotic motions.•The optimal sequence determination based on Symbiotic Organisms Search is speeded up by a cost prediction method.
Background/Objectives
To identify visual trajectories and examine their relationships with physical and cognitive function in older Chinese adults.
Design
Population‐based longitudinal study.
Setting
...The Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey.
Participants
A total of 16,151 participants aged ≥65 years.
Measurements
Visual, physical (including activities of daily living ADL and instrumental ADL IADL), and cognitive function were assessed at baseline and subsequently every 3 years. ADI disability and IADL disability were defined as needing any help in any item of the Katz scale and a modified Lawton's scale, respectively. Cognitive impairment was defined as a Chinese version of the Mini‐Mental State Examination score below 24. A group‐based trajectory model was used to determine visual trajectories adjusted for age, sex, and education. Associations of visual trajectories with ADL disability, IADL disability, and cognitive impairment were evaluated using generalized estimating equation models adjusted for potential confounders.
Results
This study identified three distinct visual trajectories, including no decline (32.4%), moderate decline (48.3%), and progressive decline (19.3%) during the follow‐up period. Compared with the no decline trajectory, both the moderate decline (ADL disability: OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 2.30–3.28; IADL disability: OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.74–3.31; cognitive impairment: OR = 3.37, 95% CI: 3.02–3.76) and the progressive decline (ADL disability: OR = 8.50, 95% CI: 6.55–11.02; IADL disability: OR = 12.96, 95% CI: 9.95–16.87; cognitive impairment: OR = 10.84, 95% CI: 8.89–13.23) trajectories were significantly associated with an increased risk of functional impairment. Compared with the moderate decline trajectory, the progressive decline trajectory was significantly associated with an increased risk of ADL disability (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.46–3.89), IADL disability (OR = 4.30, 95% CI: 3.29–5.61), and cognitive impairment (OR = 3.22, 95% CI:2.63–3.93).
Conclusion
Older Chinese adults exhibit three distinct visual trajectories and those with decline trajectories in vision have an increased risk of functional impairment than those with a trajectory of no decline in vision.
As a highly prevalent and recurrent cancer, detecting the degree of differentiation in oral cancer is crucial. Current methods rely on biopsies in the presence of significant lesions, which are ...time-consuming. This study introduces an efficient and rapid approach for mass determination of oral cancer differentiation levels. By leveraging serum Raman spectroscopy combined with deep neural networks and extreme gradient boosting, we performed feature selection and interaction on oral cancer samples of varying differentiation levels, achieving the most accurate and reliable classification of oral cancer differentiation stages.
Multimorbidity among Two Million Adults in China Wang, Xiaowen; Yao, Shanshan; Wang, Mengying ...
International journal of environmental research and public health,
2020-May-13, Letnik:
17, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
To explore the multimorbidity prevalence and patterns among middle-aged and older adults from China. Data on thirteen chronic diseases were collected from 2,097,150 participants aged over 45 years ...between January 1st 2011 and December 31st 2015 from Beijing Medical Claim Data for Employees. Association rule mining and hierarchical cluster analysis were applied to assess multimorbidity patterns. Multimorbidity prevalence was 51.6% and 81.3% in the middle-aged and older groups, respectively. The most prevalent disease pair was that of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (OARA) with hypertension (HT) (middle-aged: 22.5%; older: 41.8%). Ischaemic heart disease (IHD), HT, and OARA constituted the most common triad combination (middle-aged: 11.0%; older: 31.2%). Among the middle-aged group, the strongest associations were found in a combination of cerebrovascular disease (CBD), OARA, and HT with IHD in males (lift = 3.49), and CBD, OARA, and COPD with IHD in females (lift = 3.24). Among older patients, glaucoma and cataracts in females (lift = 2.95), and IHD, OARA, and glaucoma combined with cataracts in males (lift = 2.45) were observed. Visual impairment clusters, a mixed cluster of OARA, IHD, COPD, and cardiometabolic clusters were detected. Multimorbidity is prevalent among middle-aged and older Chinese individuals. The observations of multimorbidity patterns have implications for improving preventive care and developing appropriate guidelines for morbidity treatment.
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