Nanoparticles (NPs) as a nanotechnologies unit have a huge potential for improving drilling fluids. However, the role of NPs in this field is still in its infancy and consequently has attracted much ...more attention in the last years. This review is going to investigate the drilling fluids modified by nanoparticles. Moreover, effects of various nanoparticles include polymeric, ceramic, metal and carbon-based NPs on drilling fluid and technical and economic benefits of them will be inspected. Although various reviews of nano-based drilling fluids have been reported, few papers have provided a comprehensive review and development of nanoparticles application in this issue. This review summarizes the recent research advances in the synthesis and applications of NPs in drilling fluids system. The roles of NPs in rheology and fluid loss control, mud cake thickness, filtration properties, and thermal properties are discussed. Accordingly, various literature reviews demonstrated that use of nano materials in drilling fluid has two main goals: improvement of thermal and physical-mechanical of drilling fluids. The studies in this issue will facilitate the design of advanced functional nano-composites for drilling fluids.
In recent years, polymer flood of heavy oil has been extensively studied in laboratories and successfully applied in several fields. Polymer flooding is the most successful chemical enhanced oil ...recovery method. However, still, the need for a large amount of polymer, leading to high operational costs, presents a big challenge in technologies. This challenge can be addressed by considering the newly emerging nanomaterials. In this work, the author focuses on roles of TiO
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nanoparticles on polymer viscosity and improve recovery in heavy oil recovery. He present the results obtained from a coreflood experiment with polymer injection in heavy oil at 1320 mPa.sec viscosity. Nanopolymer exhibits an outstanding flow behavior and enhanced oil recovery performance in coreflood displacement tests compared to base polymers. The results indicate that polymer flooding with higher viscosity can significantly improve oil recovery. Flooding test showed about 4% increase in oil recovery for nanopolymer solution in comparison with polymer solution after one pore volume fluid injection.
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In this study, surface morphology, rheological and chemical properties were investigated of bitumen, which was modified by a composite of clay and fumed silica nanoparticles, and exposed to ...ultraviolet (UV) aging in laboratory. The volume fraction of the nanoparticles within the binder ranged from 1 to 3%, the temperature range considered was 30 to 70 °C. Surface morphology, rheological and chemical binder properties were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. It was found, that the bitumen modification through clay and fumed silica nanoparticles changed resulting binder properties significantly. The index of carbonyl and oxidation degree decreased, and the clay and fumed silica nanoparticles improved aging resistance to ultraviolet (UV) radiation considerably. The results indicate that the mechanical stability of the modified bitumen is very much driven by the specific concentration of clay and fumed silica nanoparticles.
Nanotechnology has the potential to profoundly change enhanced oil recovery and to improve mechanism of recovery, and it is chosen as an alternative method to unlock the remaining oil resources and ...applied as a new enhanced oil recovery method in last decade. The objective of this research is identification of potential of nanotitanium dioxide as an appropriate agent for improving the efficiency of surfactant flooding in five-spot glass micromodels. In this work a series of solvent injection experiments was conducted on horizontal glass micromodels at same conditions. Surfactant solutions and newly developed nanosurfactant solutions with 1600-2000 ppm sodium dodecyl sulfate were tested. Observations showed that nanotitanium dioxide has appropriate performance in enhancing the oil recovery at surfactant solution, near critical micelle concentration conditions. Also The results of experiments illustrated improvement of heavy oil recovery in micromodel test with nanotitanium dioxide (51.0%).
The resources of heavy oil in the world are more than twice those of conventional light crude oil and the technology utilized for the recovery of heavy oil has steadily increased recovery rates. ...Polymer flooding is the most commonly applied chemical enhanced heavy oil recovery technique. However, still there is a need for a large amount of polymer, leading to high operational costs, presenting a big challenge in technologies. This challenge can be addressed by considering the newly emerging nanomaterials especially those made from silica. In this work, the author focuses on roles of silica nanoparticles on polymer viscosity and improvement of recovery in heavy oil recovery. The author presents the results obtained from a coreflood experiment with polymer injection in heavy oil at 1320 mPa.sec viscosity. The results indicate that polymer flooding with higher viscosity can significantly improve oil recovery. These laboratory results will be helpful for the planning of nano silica polymer flooding for heavy oil reservoirs. Also flooding test showed a 8.3% increase in oil recovery for nanosilica polymer solution in comparison with polymer solution after one pore volume fluid injection.
Static and dynamic adsorption have key role in chemical flooding process and they are important parameters in surfactant polymer degradation and decrease oil recovery. The effects of nano ...concentration on static adsorption of surfactant were investigated at variable condition polymer and surfactant concentration and nanoparticles are critical parameters influence the adsorption behavior at a flooding process. Surfactant polymer solutions and newly developed nanoparticles solutions were tested. The crude oil had a viscosity of 1320 mPa s at test conditions. In this paper, the role of nanoparticles in the adsorption of surfactant polymers onto solid surfaces of reservoir core is studied. The results which obtained by means of static adsorption tests, show that the adsorption is dominated by the clay and silica nanoparticles between the polymer molecules and the solid surface. Higher nanoparticles concentration leads to less adsorption, where the adsorption may decrease to 20 % of the adsorption level of surfactant polymer. The clay and Aerosil A300 nanoparticles in surfactant polymer solutions improved oil recovery by about the same amount. The clay, however, showed improved performance in comparison to Aerosil A300.
Chemical enhanced oil recovery is another strong growing technology with the potential of a step change innovation, which will help to secure future oil supply by turning resources into reserves. ...While Substantial amount of crude oil remains in the reservoir after primary and secondary production, conventional production methods give access to on average only one-third of original oil in place, the use of surfactants and polymers allows for recovery of up to another third of this oil. Chemical flooding is of increasing interest and importance due to high oil prices and the need to increase oil production. Research in nanotechnology in the petroleum industry is advancing rapidly and an enormous progress in the application of nanotechnology in this area is to be expected. Nanotechnology has the potential to profoundly change enhanced oil recovery and to improve mechanism of recovery. This paper, therefore, focuses on the reviews of the application of nano technology in chemical flooding process in oil recovery and reviews the application nano in the polymer and surfactant flooding on the interfacial tension process.
Nanoparticles (NPs) are known as important nanomaterials for a broad range of commercial and research applications owing to their physical characteristics and properties. Currently, the demand for ...NPs for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is very high. The use of NPs can drastically benefit EOR by changing the wettability of the rock, improving the mobility of the oil drop and decreasing the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil/water. This paper focuses on a review of the application of NPs in the flooding process, the effect of NPs on wettability and the IFT. The study also presents a review of several investigations about the most common NPs, their physical and mechanical properties and benefits in EOR.
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Warm mix asphalt (WMA) is gaining increased attention in the asphalt paving industry as an eco-friendly and sustainable technology. WMA technologies are favorable in producing asphalt ...mixtures at temperatures 20–60 °C lower in comparison to conventional hot mix asphalt. This saves non-renewable fossil fuels, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes vapors and greenhouse gas emissions in the production, placement and conservation processes of asphalt mixtures. At the same time, this temperature reduction must not reduce the performance of asphalt pavements in-field. Low aging resistance, high moisture susceptibility, and low durability are generally seen as substantial drawbacks of WMA, which can lead to inferior pavement performance, and increased maintenance costs. This is partly due to the fact that low production temperature may increase the amount of water molecules trapped in the asphalt mixture. As a potential remedy, here we use fumed silica nanoparticles (FSN) have shown excellent potential in enhancing moisture and aging susceptibility of asphalt binders. In this study, asphalt binder modification by means of FSN was investigated, considering the effects of short-term and long-term aging on the rheological, thermal, and microstructural binder properties. This research paves the way for optimizing WMA by nanoparticles to present enhanced green asphalt technology.
The synergistic effects of fumed-Si nanoparticles (Si-NPs) in combination with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant as suitable agents for oil displacing in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) are ...evaluated using a 5-spot glass micromodel. Optimum oil recovery (45%) is obtained for SDS near the critical micelle concentration; however, the addition of fumed silica nanoparticles (Si-NPs) enables a further 13% enhancement in oil recovery for the maximum concentration of the SDS/Si-NPs (2.2 wt %) as well as delaying the breakthrough point. The optimum mass ratio of SDS:Si-NP (1:11) suggests that the Si-NPs are aggregated by the SDS micelles, consistent with increased viscosity upon addition of Si-NPs. The presence of the Si-NPs also greatly increases the wettability on the glass surface with a decrease in the contact angle from 73° for SDS (1800 ppm) to 11° for SDS/Si-NPs (1800 ppm/2.0 wt %). The effective changes in the oil sweeping mechanism are directly observed in the glass micromodel and correlate to these physical measurements. The results demonstrated that addition of Si-NPs to SDS solutions made a significant improvement to oil recovery values and is potentially beneficial in EOR applications.
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