The efficient capture of multi-pollutant residues in food is vital for food safety monitoring. In this study, in-situ-fabricated magnetic MIL-53(Al) metal organic frameworks (MOFs), with good ...magnetic responsiveness, were synthesized and applied for the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of chloramphenicol, bisphenol A, estradiol, and diethylstilbestrol. Terephthalic acid (H2BDC) organic ligands were pre-coupled on the surface of amino-Fe3O4 composites (H2BDC@Fe3O4). Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al) MOF was fabricated by in-situ hydrothermal polymerization of H2BDC, Al (NO3)3, and H2BDC@Fe3O4. This approach highly increased the stability of the material. The magnetic Fe3O4@MIL-53(Al) MOF-based MSPE was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array detection, to establish a novel sensitive method for analyzing multi-pollutant residues in milk. This method showed good linear correlations, in the range of 0.05–5.00 μg/mL, with good reproducibility. The limit of detection was 0.004–0.108 μg/mL. The presented method was verified using a milk sample, spiked with four pollutants, which enabled high-throughput detection and the accuracies of 88.17–107.58% confirmed its applicability, in real sample analysis.
Impaired macroautophagy/autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis. However, how aberrant autophagy promotes fibrosis is far from understood. Here, we aimed to define a previously ...unrevealed pro-fibrotic mechanism for the stress protein TRIB3 (tribbles pseudokinase 3)-mediated autophagy dysfunction. Human fibrotic liver tissues were obtained from patients with cirrhosis who underwent an open surgical repair process. The functional implications of TRIB3 were evaluated in mouse models of hepatic fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) or thioacetamide (TAA) injection. Human fibrotic liver tissues expressed higher levels of TRIB3 and selective autophagic receptor SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) than nonfibrotic tissues and the elevated expression of TRIB3 and SQSTM1 was positively correlated in the fibrotic tissues. Silencing Trib3 protected against experimentally induced hepatic fibrosis, accompanied by restored autophagy activity in fibrotic liver tissues. Furthermore, TRIB3 interacted with SQSTM1 and hindered its binding to MAP1LC3/LC3, which caused the accumulation of SQSTM1 aggregates and obstructed autophagic flux. The TRIB3-mediated autophagy impairment not only suppressed autophagic degradation of late endosomes but also promoted hepatocellular secretion of INHBA/Activin A-enriched exosomes which caused migration, proliferation and activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the effector cells of liver fibrosis. Disrupting the TRIB3-SQSTM1 interaction with a specific helical peptide exerted potent protective effects against hepatic fibrosis by restoring autophagic flux in hepatocytes and HSCs. Together, stress-elevated TRIB3 expression promotes hepatic fibrosis by interacting with SQSTM1 and interfering with its functions in liver-parenchymal cells and activating HSCs. Targeting this interaction is a promising strategy for treating fibroproliferative liver diseases.
Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AAV: adeno-associated virus; ACTA2/α-SMA: actin, alpha 2, smooth muscle, aorta; BDL: bile duct ligation; BECN1/Beclin 1: beclin 1, autophagy related; CHX: cycloheximide; CQ: chloroquine; Edu: 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complexes required for transport; HSC: hepatic stellate cell; ILV: intralumenal vesicle; LAMP1: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MVB: multivesicular body; PIK3C3: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, catalytic subunit type 3; PPI: protein-protein interaction; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TAA: thioacetamide; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TGFB1/TGFβ1: transforming growth factor, beta 1; TLR2: toll-like receptor 2; TRIB3: tribbles pseudokinase 3
Two wheat cultivars （Triticum aestivum L.） were used to evaluate the effects ofpost-anthesis severe water deficit （SD） on starch content and granule size distribution and their relations with ...ethylene and spermidine （Spd）. Comparison to the well-watered （WW） treatment, SD led to lower Spd and higher 1-aminocylopropane-l-carboxylic acid （ACC） concentrations and ethylene evolution rate （EER） in grains at the critical stage of forming starch granules. Application of Spd or aminoethoxyvinylglycine （AVG） significantly reduced ACC concentration and EER and increased Spd concentration, while ethephon or methylglyoxal-bis （MGBG） had an opposite impact. The volume and surface area distribution of starch granules showed a bimodal curve, while the number distribution exhibited a unimodal curve. SD caused a marked drop in grain weight, grain number and starch content, also led to a significant reduction in the proportion （both by volume and by surface area） of B-type starch granules （〈10 Ixm）, with an increase in those of A-type starch granules （〉10 ~tm）. Application of Spd or AVG increased the proportion （both by volume and by surface area） of B-type starch granules under SD. Correlation analysis suggested that ethylene and Spd showed an antagonism relation in the formation of B-type granules. These results suggested that it would be good for the formation of B-type starch granules to have the physiological traits of higher Spd and lower ACC concentrations and ethylene emission under SD.
Plant health monitoring has gotten increasing concerns in recent years. Flexible devices offer a more effective mean of monitoring plants. In order to obtain plant information, the relevant ...physiological and ecological parameters that need to be concerned are summarized in this review. The aim is to provide a more comprehensive and explorable perspective. The research results and progress of flexible devices for plant monitoring in recent years are presented. This paper focuses on conductive materials for flexible device fabrication, including carbon-based materials (e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene), metallic materials (e.g., gold, silver), conductive polymer materials (e.g., polypyrrole, polythiophene), composite materials, biomass materials and hydrogel materials. In the end, we discuss the challenges and future potential of flexible devices for plant sensing at this stage. It is hoped that this will provide further inspiration for research and development of flexible sensing devices in the plant sector.
The efficient capture of multi-pollutant residues in food is vital for food safety monitoring. In this study, in-situ-fabricated magnetic MIL-53(Al) metal organic frameworks (MOFs), with good ...magnetic responsiveness, were synthesized and applied for the magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of chloramphenicol, bisphenol A, estradiol, and diethylstilbestrol. Terephthalic acid (H
BDC) organic ligands were pre-coupled on the surface of amino-Fe
O
composites (H
BDC@Fe
O
). Fe
O
@MIL-53(Al) MOF was fabricated by in-situ hydrothermal polymerization of H
BDC, Al (NO
)
, and H
BDC@Fe
O
. This approach highly increased the stability of the material. The magnetic Fe
O
@MIL-53(Al) MOF-based MSPE was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array detection, to establish a novel sensitive method for analyzing multi-pollutant residues in milk. This method showed good linear correlations, in the range of 0.05-5.00 μg/mL, with good reproducibility. The limit of detection was 0.004-0.108 μg/mL. The presented method was verified using a milk sample, spiked with four pollutants, which enabled high-throughput detection and the accuracies of 88.17-107.58% confirmed its applicability, in real sample analysis.
A series of Na3YSi2O7: Eu3+, Sm3+ samples have been synthesized via solid-state reaction technique. The phase structure and luminescence properties are characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, ...photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra. Effective energy transfer occurs from Sm3+ to Eu3+ and Sm3+/Eu3+-codoped Na3YSi2O7 shows more intense red light compared to that of Eu3+-doped sample under UV light excitation.
Electron trapping materials SrSO4:Eu2+ were prepared by hydrothermal method at 200 oC for 20 h. The phase structure, microstructure and optical properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDAX, PL, ...PSL and TL, respectively. The sample was stimulated by a 980 nm infrared laser after exposing to the UV light. It can be seen that the PSL emission spectra had two bands with peaks at 793 nm and 835 nm, and the photo stimulated luminescence phenomenon was observed.
The strong yellow upconversion (UC) light emission has been observed in Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped La2(WO4)3 phosphor under the excitation of 980 nm diode laser. The phosphors were synthesized by the ...traditional solid-state reaction method. The phrase structures of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The doping concentration of Yb3+ was determined to be 20mol% for the strongest yellow emission. Then, the dependence of UC emission intensity on excitation power density showed that the green and red UC emissions are involved in two-photon process. The possible UC mechanisms for the strong yellow emission were also investigated.
Single-phase Ba5(PO4)3Cl:Ce3+,Tb3+ (BPCl:Ce3+,Tb3+) samples have been synthesized via solid-state reaction method. The phase structure and luminescence properties are characterized using powder X-ray ...diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra. Effective energy transfer occurs from Ce3+ to Tb3+ due to the observed spectral overlap between the emission band of Ce3+ and the excitation band of Tb3+. Ce3+/Tb3+-codoped Ba5(PO4)3Cl shows more intense yellowish-green light compared to that of Tb3+-doped sample under UV light excitation.
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