This article analyses a new series of prices and wages stretching back to 1827 for the provinces of the Habsburg Empire. These real wage series are the first continuous and consistent indicator of ...changing living standards in this part of Europe during industrialization. They show that while the living standards stagnated throughout the monarchy prior to 1850s, the West (unlike the East) was able to launch onto a path of continuous growth in the second half of the century. The empire experienced little convergence onto the living standards of its neighbors and even internally the convergence record is mixed.
The rise of education features prominently in the debate on the sources of modern economic growth. Existing accounts stress the importance of popular demand for its public provision. We argue that ...such an explanation for the spread of schooling is a poor fit for many nations’ schooling histories, such as Imperial Austria. We show that in the Austrian case, schooling and economic development had limited impact on each other; that the popular demand for schooling was weak and that the push for school expansion came mainly from the top of the political hierarchy.
The rise of mass schooling is an important contributor to modern economic growth. But its form, content, scale and manner of provision are all matters of public policy. The rise of modern schooling ...is frequently cast as a product of broadened suffrage and stronger political voice of the masses, which overcame the political opposition from old ruling elites. We investigate this hypothesis, using the case of a school reform undertaken in Imperial Austria in 1869. We show that large landowners were mildly in favor of school modernization, albeit less than urban and business interests. The strongest opposition came from the rural areas where the suffrage was in fact most numerous. The reform passed in spite of their opposition but, interestingly, post-reform developments suggest that passive resistance to it continued in the countryside in spite of the alleged benefits that education was billed to bring the masses.
This thesis in the beginning deals with the history of 3D printing and its development. For better understanding the nature of 3D printing are the significant technologies that includes. Professional ...part includes work with the printer MakerBot Replicator 2X. Mechanical parts of the device are analyzed together with the operating software MakerBot DesktopThe following chapter is dealing with the limits and restrictions when it is printed on said 3D printer, except that describes important aspects when working on the printer. For the creation of electronic models are suggested appropriate programs for use in elementary school. A significant milestone is forming the problems of 3D printing, which can serve as a guide for the elimination of print quality problems, malfunctioning of 3D printers and others. Interesting models are designed for teaching physics and working activities that the students facilitate understanding of the substance of the response and act as activating element within lesson. It was created a list of important sites where you can find models suitable not only for teaching in elementary schools, but also for other purposes. The last chapter deals with the economic aspect of 3D printing.
in English This diploma thesis concerns legal regulation of hunting associations and their activities in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into four parts, which may be further divided into ...individual chapters and subchapters. The first part of the diploma thesis outlines the development of hunting, development of hunting associations and their legal regulation. The following part of the diploma thesis, which is at the same time its building stone, analyses the individual aspects of the legal regulation of the hunting associations and their activities, namely the general legal regulation, represented primarily by the Civil Code, and a special one represented especially by the Hunting Act. The third part of the diploma thesis gives a look at some concrete controversial cases, which the author encountered in practice. The last part of the diploma thesis brings several proposals de lege ferenda. The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyse in detail the current legal regulation of the hunting associations and their activities, and to answer the question of which rules governing the hunting associations and hunting activities on the territory of the Czech Republic apply.
The early 20th century was a period of rising marriage rate and falling age at marriage. This was due to two factors affecting men. First, men's improving labor market prospects made them more ...attractive as marriage partners. Second, immigration had a dynamic effect on search costs. In the short-run, it fragmented the marriage market, making it harder to find a partner of one's preferred background. The high search costs led to less marriage and later marriage in the 1890s. In the long-run, as immigration declined, immigrants' descendants integrated with American society. This reduced search costs and increased the marriage rate.
When Harry left Sally Cvrcek, Tomas
Demographic research,
11/2009, Letnik:
21
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The divorce rate is a poor indicator of marital instability because many marital disruptions never become divorces. This paper provides the first estimate of the rate of marital disruption in the ...U.S. in 1860 – 1948. In the long run, the cohort rate of marital disruption increased from about 10% in the mid-1860s to about 30% in the 1940s. Marital disruption rate was similar to the divorce rate after the Civil War but the two rates diverged wildly in the early 20thcentury. In 1900 – 1930, the disruption rate was as much as double the divorce rate, implying that perhaps half of all disruptions never reached the court.
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