Livestock including duck as one of crucial sector in agriculture, contributes a large proportion to Vietnam’s economic and to Mekong delta’s economic as well. Recently, herbal supplementation in feed ...is common which has brought many benefits for farmers and lemongrass is one of herbs is commonly used in many studies. A total of 96 ducks aged from 1 to 8-week-old was conducted through four treatments and three replicates per treatment. The experiment was a completely random design which aimed to estimate the effect of lemongrass powder on duck’s performance and carcass characteristics. The birds in the treatments were fed by the same feed but different supplement ratio of lemongrass powder (0; 0,5; 1; 1,5%). Besides, the birds were fed and watered ad libitum in all of the treatments. The conclusion showed that there was a linear decrease in feed intake, linear improvements in live weight gain and feed conversion as the proportion of lemongrass in the diet was increased from zero to 1.5%, inclusion of 1.5% lemongrass in feed will help the ducks increase their daily weight gain, improve feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). However, lemongrass powder had no effect on carcass characteristics (P>0.05).
This study sought to operationalize poverty in the context of parenting specific to a sample of low-income mothers; to examine how mothers describe sources of stress related to poverty; and to ...explore how these experiences affect mothers’ parenting practices. Mothers trained in research methods administered surveys to other mothers in community settings assessing parenting stressors, mental wellbeing, basic needs, and goals. Women reported difficulty obtaining basic needs. Qualitatively, women described financial hardship, housing, employment status, and transportation as sources of stress, which influenced their parenting practices. These findings connect a mother’s inability to meet her basic needs with parenting quality, and suggest that programs promoting early childhood development through building the capacity of parents must focus on basic needs and strategies to alleviate poverty. Healthcare providers may be able to glean specific terminology utilized by women when they inquire about basic needs and form partnerships with basic needs providers.
Adults who experienced childhood maltreatment (CM) are at increased risk for parenting problems. Mentalization capacity may disrupt intergenerational patterns of problematic parenting among mothers ...with a CM history. In this study, we examine: (a) parents' use of negative emotion socialization practices as one path of intergenerational transmission of risk in mothers with CM and (b) whether mothers' ability to mentalize about the emotion socialization behaviors of attachment figures diminishes intergenerational similarity in negative emotion socialization practices. Mentalization was operationalized as the frequency of cognitive processing words in mothers' narrative responses to questions about how and why attachment figures responded to their negative emotions during childhood. Participants included 154 mothers with and without a self-reported CM history in a case-control design, matched on child age, gender, maternal education, and race/ethnicity. Mothers with CM recollected more unsupportive responses to their negative emotions during childhood, which in turn predicted using more punishing, ignoring, and magnifying responses toward their own child's negative emotions (i.e., a significant indirect effect). However, greater cognitive processing language when describing the emotional climate of childhood diminished this pathway (i.e., a significant moderated effect). Among mothers who recollected unsupportive responses to emotions from their parents, those whose narratives included more cognitive processing words did not act in similar ways toward their own child whereas those who used fewer cognitive processing words did. These preliminary findings support the growing body of research suggesting that the quality of mentalization can be a protective factor among adults who experienced childhood maltreatment.
Abstract
In recent years, underground spaces have expanded widely in the urban zone. The appropriate estimation number of dewatering well with economical costs and securing soil stability at ...construction sites is challenging in designing pumping schemes. This paper aims to present the numerical approach for the optimal number of wells for designing a dewatering deep foundation pit. First, the estimated hydraulic conductivity was selected among the Theis, Cooper-Jacod, and reverse groundwater modeling methods. The estimated hydraulic conductivity via reverse groundwater modeling shows the lowest error with the monitoring pumping test. Second, hydraulic conductivity was input to groundwater modeling to estimate the groundwater level of four pumping schemes with the same total pumping rate (20 wells, 17 wells, 14 wells, and 13 wells). The number of wells was optimal from four random pumping schemes concerning the cost and the drawdown outside the pit. As a result, the pumping scheme with 16 wells is suitable, satisfying the cost and safety outside the drawdown of the foundation pit. The numerical approach could apply to estimate the number of wells for dewatering projects with economic costs and less impact on surrounding construction sites.
Real-time estimation of eye gaze by in-ear electrodes Favre-Felix, A.; Graversen, C.; Dau, T. ...
2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC),
07/2017, Letnik:
2017
Conference Proceeding, Journal Article
Cognitive control of a hearing aid is the topic for several ongoing studies. The relevance of these studies should be seen in the light of inadequate steering of current hearing aids. While most ...studies are concerned with auditory attention tracking from the electroencephalogram (EEG), a complimentary approach may be to use visual attention tracking to steer the devices. Visual attention may be characterized by gaze direction, which can be obtained by electrooculography (EOG). EOG may be recorded from electrodes placed in the ear canal, termed EarEOG. To test the comparison of conventional EOG and EarEOG recordings, we conducted two experiments with six subjects. In the first experiment, the subjects were instructed to follow a moving dot on the screen moving in large saccades. In the second experiment, there were five large targets, and within each target, the dot had minor movements. When comparing conventional EOG and EarEOG, correlations of 0.9 and 0.91 with standard deviations of 0.02 were obtained for the two experiments respectively. To assess the feasibility of using EarEOG in real-time, correlation between EarEOG and the timecourse of the dot position was performed. When both signals were filtered with the same real-time applicable filter, correlations of 0.83 and 0.85 with standard deviations of 0.09 and 0.05 were found respectively to the two experiments. In conclusion, this study provides motivational aspects of using EarEOG to estimate eye gaze, as well as it identifies important future challenges in real-time applications to steer external devices such as a hearing aid.
A model of computational auditory signal-processing and perception that accounts for various aspects of simultaneous and nonsimultaneous masking in human listeners is presented. The model is based on ...the modulation filterbank model described by Dau et al. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102, 2892 (1997) but includes major changes at the peripheral and more central stages of processing. The model contains outer- and middle-ear transformations, a nonlinear basilar-membrane processing stage, a hair-cell transduction stage, a squaring expansion, an adaptation stage, a 150-Hz lowpass modulation filter, a bandpass modulation filterbank, a constant-variance internal noise, and an optimal detector stage. The model was evaluated in experimental conditions that reflect, to a different degree, effects of compression as well as spectral and temporal resolution in auditory processing. The experiments include intensity discrimination with pure tones and broadband noise, tone-in-noise detection, spectral masking with narrow-band signals and maskers, forward masking with tone signals and tone or noise maskers, and amplitude-modulation detection with narrow- and wideband noise carriers. The model can account for most of the key properties of the data and is more powerful than the original model. The model might be useful as a front end in technical applications.
β-NaYF4 co-doped with Er3+ and Yb3+ ions were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature as low as 180 °C by the two steps procedure using the rare-earth stearates as precursors. The XRD ...and TEM data show that the NaYF4 nanocrystals were relatively uniform with the approximate size of 50 nm and the dopants led to shrinking of NaYF4 crystals. Moreover, the EDX mapping analysis indicate that the Yb3+, Er3+ ions were distributed homogeneously in host matrix even the Yb3+ doping concentration as high as 25%. The PL spectroscopy was used to investigate the optical properties of these systems. The red/green emission ratio of Er3+ was controlled by changing the doping concentration in matrix. An increase of Yb3+ contents from 2 to 25 mol % induced a remarkably tunable emission from green to red. Addition, the highest red/green ratio was also achieved for the sample of 1% Er3+ and 20% Yb3+. Combining the results of the up-conversion emission intensity as a function of the pump power and luminescence data, the energy transfer mechanism between the Yb3+ sensitizers and Er3+ activators was demonstrated. The intense efficiency of red emission under 980 nm excitation provides the potential applications in bio-labeling and bio-imaging.
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•β-phase NaYF4 nanocrystals were achieved at low reaction temperature of 180 °C.•Nanocrystals size distributed uniformly in range of 40 ÷ 50 nm.•The doping ions dispersed homogeneously in host matrix even at high doping content.•Tunable green-to-red emission is controlled by changing the Yb3+ and Er3+ contents.•Energy transfer mechanism of Yb3+ sensitizer and Er3+ activator is demonstrated.
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