An online resource for marine fungi Jones, E. B. Gareth; Pang, Ka-Lai; Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A. ...
Fungal diversity,
05/2019, Letnik:
96, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Index Fungorum, Species Fungorum and MycoBank are the key fungal nomenclature and taxonomic databases that can be sourced to find taxonomic details concerning fungi, while DNA sequence data can be ...sourced from the NCBI, EBI and UNITE databases. Nomenclature and ecological data on freshwater fungi can be accessed on
http://fungi.life.illinois.edu/
, while
http://www.marinespecies.org/provides
a comprehensive list of names of marine organisms, including information on their synonymy. Previous websites however have little information on marine fungi and their ecology, beside articles that deal with marine fungi, especially those published in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries may not be accessible to those working in third world countries. To address this problem, a new website
www.marinefungi.org
was set up and is introduced in this paper. This website provides a search facility to genera of marine fungi, full species descriptions, key to species and illustrations, an up to date classification of all recorded marine fungi which includes all fungal groups (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Mucoromycota and fungus-like organisms e.g. Thraustochytriales), and listing recent publications. Currently, 1257 species are listed in the marine fungi website (
www.marinefungi.org
), in 539 genera, 74 orders, 168 families, 20 classes and five phyla, with new taxa continuing to be described. The website has curators with specialist mycological expertise who help to provide update data on the classification of marine fungi. This article also reviews knowledge of marine fungi covering a wide range of topics: their higher classification, ecology and world distribution, role in energy transfer in the oceans, origin and new chemical structures. An updated classification of marine fungi is also included. We would like to invite all mycologists to contribute to this innovative website.
Families of Sordariomycetes Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Jones, E. B. Gareth ...
Fungal diversity,
07/2016, Letnik:
79, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi characterized mainly by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci. The class ...includes many important plant pathogens, as well as endophytes, saprobes, epiphytes, coprophilous and fungicolous, lichenized or lichenicolous taxa. They occur in terrestrial, freshwater and marine habitats worldwide. This paper reviews the 107 families of the class Sordariomycetes and provides a modified backbone tree based on phylogenetic analysis of four combined loci, with a maximum five representative taxa from each family, where available. This paper brings together for the first time, since Barrs’
1990
Prodromus, descriptions, notes on the history, and plates or illustrations of type or representative taxa of each family, a list of accepted genera, including asexual genera and a key to these taxa of Sordariomycetes. Delineation of taxa is supported where possible by molecular data. The outline is based on literature to the end of 2015 and the Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses, 32 orders, 105 families and 1331 genera. The family
Obryzaceae
and
Pleurotremataceae
are excluded from the class.
Morphology, phylogeny, and molecular clock analyses were carried out on Savoryellaceae in order to understand the placements of taxa in this family.
and
formed a well-supported separate clade in the ...phylogeny of concatenated partial SSU, LSU, TEF, and RPB2 gene data. These two genera share similar morphological features, especially in their asexual morphs, indicating that they are congeneric. Hence, we synonymize
under
.
(and its asexual morph,
) and
grouped in a clade sister to Pleurotheciales and are excluded from
which becomes monophyletic. A novel genus
is introduced to accommodate
and its asexual morph,
. A novel species,
is introduced from a freshwater habitat in Yunnan Province, China. Comprehensive descriptions and illustrations are provided for selected taxa in this family. In addition, we provide evolutionary divergence estimates for Savoryellomycetidae taxa and major marine based taxa to support our phylogenetic and morphological investigations. The taxonomic placement of these marine-based taxa is briefly discussed. Our results indicate that the most basal group of marine-based taxa are represented within Lulworthiales, which diverged from ancestral Sordariomycetes around 149 Mya (91-209) and Savoryellomycetidae around 213 Mya (198-303).
The classification of subclass
Xylariomycetidae
is revisited with additional collections and phylogeny based on novel rDNA sequence data. Phylogenetic inferences are provided and are based on ...analysis of 115 sequence data, including new data for 27 strains. An updated outline to the subclass is presented based on the phylogenies and comprises two orders, 18 families and 222 genera. An account of each order, family and genus in the subclass is given. We accept the orders
Amphisphaeriales
and
Xylariales
based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence.
Amphisphaeriales
comprises
Amphisphaeriaceae
,
Bartaliniaceae
fam. nov.,
Clypeosphaeriaceae
,
Discosiaceae
fam. nov.,
Pestalotiopsidaceae
fam. nov. and
Phlogicylindriaceae
fam. nov.
Xylariales
comprises
Apiosporaceae
,
Cainiaceae
,
Coniocessiaceae
,
Diatrypaceae
,
Graphostromataceae
(doubtful),
Hyponectriaceae
,
Iodosphaeriaceae
,
Lopadostomaceae
fam. nov.,
Melogrammataceae
,
Pseudomassariaceae
fam. nov.,
Vialaeaceae
and
Xylariaceae
. The new genera and species introduced are
Arthrinium hyphopodii
,
A. subglobosa
,
Cainia anthoxanthis
,
Ciferriascosea
gen. nov.,
C. fluctamurum
,
C. rectamurum
,
Discosia neofraxinea
,
D. pseudopleurochaeta
,
Hyalotiella rubi
,
Seimatosporium cornii
,
S. ficeae
,
S. vitis
and
Truncatella spartii
.
In this study, we introduce a novel genus,
, of the family Diatrypaceae comprising three species viz.
sp. nov. and
(basionym:
) and
(basionym:
).
sp. nov. is also introduced, which forms a distinct ...clade in
sensu stricto. The discovery of this new genus will contribute to expanding the knowledge and taxonomic framework of Diatrypaceae (Xylariales).
Generic delimitations in Diatrypaceae are unsettled because the phylogeny has yet to be resolved using extensive taxon sampling and sequencing of ex-type cultures. During an investigation of xylarialean fungi, we collected eutypella-like fungi which is distinct from
sensu stricto in our phylogenetic analyses (ITS and β-tubulin), thus, introduced as
gen. et sp. nov..
is characterised by having 4-25 perithecia in a stroma each with 3-6 sulcate, long ostiolar necks.
comb. nov. (basionym:
) is introduced on
sp. from China.
sp. nov. is introduced as a new species in
sensu stricto. which has 2-5 ascomata per stroma and long ascospores, unusual when compared to other
species and distinct phylogenetically.
During the ongoing investigation of bambusicolous ascomycetous fungi in Yunnan, China, 24 specimens belonging to the family
were collected and identified based on morphological features and ...phylogenetic support. Maximum-likelihood (ML) analyses and Bayesian analyses were generated based on the combined data set of ITS, LSU,
, and
loci. The phylogenetic analyses revealed four novel lineages in
; thus, we introduced four new species
,
sp. nov.,
sp. nov.,
sp. nov., and
.
sp. nov. Their morphological characters were compared with the known
taxa, which lack sequence data in the GenBank. Asexual morphs of
and
were recorded from dead bamboo culms in China (from the natural substrates) for the first time.
,
,
,
,
and
were also reported as the first records from China. All new taxa are described and illustrated in detail. Plates are provided for new reports.
A coelomycetous fungus with hyaline, aseptate, oblong to ellipsoidal conidia was isolated from living Chenopodium quinoa leaves with leaf spots, in Beijing, China. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian ...analyses of a combined LSU, SSU, ITS and TEF sequence dataset confirmed its placement in Heterosporicola in Leptosphaeriaceae. The new taxon resembles other Heterosporicola species, but is phylogenetically distinct, and is introduced as a new species. Heterosporicola beijingense sp. nov. is compared with other Heterosporicola species, and comprehensive descriptions and micrographs are provided. Key words. DNA analyses, morpho-molecular taxonomy, pathogens.
In the last few years, many microfungi-including plant-associated species-have been reported from various habitats and substrates in Italy. In this study of pleosporalean fungi, we researched ...terrestrial habitats in the Provinces of Arezzo (Tuscany region), Forlì-Cesena and Ravenna (Emilia-Romagna region) in Italy.
Our research on Italian pleosporalean fungi resulted in the discovery of a new species,
(Phaeosphaeriaceae). In addition, we present a new host record for
(Phaeosphaeriaceae) and the second Italian record of
(Didymellaceae). Species boundaries were defined, based on morphological study and multi-locus phylogenetic reconstructions using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses. Our findings expand the knowledge on host and distribution ranges of pleosporalean fungi in Italy.
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