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•The aim of this study, is to synthesize anticancer drugs as alternatives to the metal based drugs used in treatment of cancer.•An electrochemical FSdsDNA biosensor has been prepared ...by immobilizing FSdsDNA onto PGE surface.•The oxidation signal of guanine has been used as probe for the investigation of the interaction between compounds and FSdsDNA.
The NSAID piroxicam (PRX) drug was used for complex formation reactions with Cu(II), Zn(II) and Pt(II) metal salts have been synthesized. Then, these complexes have been characterized by spectroscopic and analytical techniques. Thermal behavior of the complexes were also investigated. The electrochemical properties of all complexes have been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) using glassy carbon electrode. The biological activity of the complexes has been evaluated by examining their ability to bind to fish sperm double strand DNA (FSFSdsDNA) with UV spectroscopy. UV studies of the interaction of the PRX and its complexes with FSdsDNA have shown that these compounds can bind to FSdsDNA. The binding constants of the compounds with FSdsDNA have also been calculated. The morphology of the FSdsDNA, PRX, metal ions and metal complexes has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To get the SEM images, the interaction of compounds with FSdsDNA has been studied by means of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at FSdsDNA modified pencil graphite electrode (PGE). The decrease in intensity of the guanine oxidation signals has been used as an indicator for the interaction mechanism. The effect of proliferation PRX and complexes were examined on the HeLA and C6 cells using real-time cell analyzer with four different concentrations.
Due to the common ethnopharmacological used or scientifically examined biochemical properties, Elaeagnaceae family, Elaeagnus umbellate (Thunb.) (EU, Guz yemisi) was worth investigating.
In this ...investigation, we revealed antioxidant, antiproliferative and enzyme inhibition activities of the water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of EU as well as the contents of their phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, lycopene and β- carotene. The antioxidant activity was screened by total antioxidant (phosphomolybdenum), inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation, reducing power, 2-deoxyribose degradation assay, H2O2 scavenging and metal chelating activities of the samples were tested in vitro. Additionally, the scavenging activities of the extracts were determined against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH˙), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazloine-6-sulfonicacid (ABTS˙+), superoxide anion and peroxide radicals. The samples were determined for their inhibitory activities against urease, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). In vitro, antiproliferative activities of six different extracts were tested using the xCELLigence system against HeLa and HT29 cell lines.
The antioxidant activities of the extracts were found higher than standard antioxidants. The water extracts of fruit and leaf showed the best antioxidant activity. In inhibition assays of urease, AChE and BuChE, all extracts exhibited remarkable inhibition potential. Ethyl acetate extracts, especially, showed better inhibition capacity. It was found that the antioxidant activities of the extracts presented consistently with their chemical contents. The antiproliferative activities of leaf extracts were more effective than the fruit extracts. The chromatographic methods were applied to the different solvents to analyses phenolic secondery metabolites. It was found that fumaric acid, 4- hydroxybenzoic acid, rutin and quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, neohesperidin, hesperidin determined to have higher contents all the extracts.
EU can be suggested as a potential natural source of antioxidants appropriate for utilization in nutritional/pharmaceutical fields.
Ursolic acid (UA), which has many biological properties such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, and regulates some pharmacological processes, has been isolated from the flowers, ...leaves, berries and fruits of many plant species. In this work, UA was purified from the methanol-chloroform crude extract of Nepeta species (N. aristata, N. baytopii, N. italica, N. trachonitica, N. stenantha) using a silica gel column with chloroform or ethyl acetate solvents via bioactivity-guided isolation. The most active sub-fractions were determined under bioactivities using antioxidant and DNA protection activities and enzyme inhibitions. UA was purified from these fractions and its structure was elucidated by NMR spectroscopy techniques. The highest amount of UA was found in N. stenantha (8.53 mg UA/g), while the lowest amount of UA was found in N. trachonitica (1.92 mg UA/g). The bioactivities of UA were evaluated with antioxidant and DNA protection activities, enzyme inhibitions, kinetics and interactions. The inhibition values (IC
50
) of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, urease, CA, tyrosinase, lipase, AChE, and BChE were determined between 5.08 and 181.96 µM. In contrast, K
i
values of enzyme inhibition kinetics were observed between 0.04 and 0.20 mM. In addition, K
i
values of these enzymes for enzyme-UA interactions were calculated as 0.38, 0.86, 0.45, 1.01, 0.23, 0.41, 0.01 and 2.24 µM, respectively. It is supported that UA can be widely used as a good antioxidant against oxidative damage, an effective DNA protector against genetic diseases, and a suitable inhibitor for metabolizing enzymes.
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
▶ The chemical composition of four clones of
Mentha spicata cultivated in Bursa, Aydın, Tokat and Izmir are analysed. ▶ Environmental variation affects essential oil compositions. ▶ Oxygenated ...monoterpenes including the main components, pulegone and piperitone, were the major terpenoid group in oil of the chemotypes. ▶ Different climatic conditions of these locations affected pulegone and piperitone contents.
Essential oil accumulation and compositions in aromatic plants depend upon various factors such as genetic structure, environmental factors and agronomic practices. Spearmint (
Mentha spicata L.) is one of the major aromatic plants cultivated for spice and essential oil productions. Field experiments were carried out to determine environmental variation in the new Turkish pulegone–piperitone rich chemotype, so, its cuttings were transplanted in four different locations of Turkey. Essential oil composition was determined with GC–MS. As a result of the research, herb essential oil contents of the chemotype were between 2.41 and 2.74%. Oxygenated monoterpenes including main components, pulegone and piperitone, were the major terpenoid group in the essential oil. Different environmental factors of the locations affected quantitatively oil compositions. The results revealed that monoterpene hydrocarbons such as
d-limonene and β-phellandrene were higher in temperate climate with high altitude. On the other hand,
trans-β-caryophyllene and germacrene D, major sesquiterpene hydrocarbons in the oil, were higher in warmer ecologies resulting similar trend in total sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons. Main component pulegone and piperitone and other oxygenated monoterpene 1,8-cineole also showed significant variation in the different ecologies.
Nepetanudoside B (NNB) was isolated from aerial parts of endemic
crude extract (CH
OH-CHCl
) using silica gel (
-hexane, methanol, ethyl acetate, and dichlorometane, respectively) and sephadex LH-20 ...(65% Methanol-35% Chloroform) column chromatographies.
-HPLC was used to purify NNB after activity-guided isolation of methanol sub-fractions with enzyme inhibitory and DNA protective properties. The NNB was determined using
H,
C, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and LC-MS/MS. The study compared the effects of NNB with conventional drugs in terms of its ability to inhibit enzymes such as urease, α-amylase, carbonic anhydrase (CA), lipase, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase, as well as its ability to protect DNA. Enzyme kinetic and molecular docking were also used to evaluate this. NNB exhibited the best inhibitory activity on urease (1.28 ± 0.00 µg/mL), lipase (5.83 ± 0.10 µg/mL), BChE (3.73 ± 0.46 µg/mL), tyrosinase (7.39 ± 0.00 µg/mL), α-glucosidase (10.95 ± 0.00 µg/mL), α-amylase (22.11 ± 1.03 µg/mL) and AChE (25.68 ± 3.32 µg/mL), respectively. NNB has higher MolDock scores with binding energy in α-glucosidase (-233) and BChE (-8.90 kcal/mol). In enzyme kinetics studies, it was determined that urease, AChE, α-glucosidase, lipase, and CA were non-competitive , while BChE and tyrosinase were competitive inhibition mechanisms. Their
values were calculated as 0.09, 0.24, 0.09, 0.10, 0.08, 0.05, and 0.07 mM, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation studies were performed for the interactions of NNB-BChE with MM/PBSA binding free energey RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, and also the number of hydrogen bonds was calculated. The suitability and effectiveness of NNB have been proven in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The NNB molecule may lead to development studies as a BChE inhibitor.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
The ligands were structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction study. The molecule L2 is centrosymmetric whereas the L1 has no crystallographically imposed molecular symmetry. The ...antiproliferative activities of compounds L1 and L2 aganist C6 cell line (a). ∗P<0.01 when compared to control groups (one-way ANOVA following the Duncan’s multiple comparison test). Display omitted
•Two novel Schiff base ligands were prepared and structurally characterized.•Absorption, photoluminescence and electrochemical properties of the Schiff bases were examined.•Sensor properties of the compounds were examined.•Anticancer activity of the compounds were investigated.
Two Schiff base compounds, N,N′-bis(2-methoxy phenylidene)-1,5-diamino naphthalene (L1) and N,N′-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxy phenylidene)-1,5-diamino naphthalene (L2) were synthesized and characterized by the analytical and spectroscopic methods. The electrochemical and photoluminescence properties of the Schiff bases were investigated in the different conditions. The compounds L1 and L2 show the reversible redox processes at some potentials. The sensor properties of the Schiff bases were examined and color changes were observed upon addition of the metal cations, such as Hg(II), Cu(II), Co(II) and Al(III). The Schiff base compounds show the bathochromic shift from 545 to 585nm. The single crystals of the compounds (L1) and (L2) were obtained from the methanol solution and characterized structurally by the X-ray crystallography technique. The molecule L2 is centrosymmetric whereas the L1 has no crystallographically imposed molecular symmetry. However, the molecular structures for these compounds are quite similar, differing principally in the conformation about methoxy groups and the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings and diamine naphthalene.
species were previously used against many disorders due to their chemical component.
Behçet & Yapar is a newly discovered local endemic species in Turkey's eastern region, and there is no research on
...in the literature. In this work, oxypeucedanin and osthol molecules have been isolated from the root part of
for the first time. Oxypeucedanin and osthol structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR analysis. For the bioactivities determination, antioxidant (DPPH
and ABTS
scavenging), enzyme inhibition (AChE, BChE, tyrosinase, and urease), antibacterial and DNA protection activity studies were applied for both molecules and compared with standard drug molecules, after applying enzyme kinetic assays and
approaches to clarify the mechanism of action for both molecules with enzymes, using molecular docking and density functional theory (DFT). Oxypeucedanin (2.19 ± 0.38 µg/mL) and osthol (4.57 ± 1.28 µg/mL) exhibited better activity than standards in DPPH
scavenging activity. Osthol (11.76 ± 0.59 µg/mL) showed a better tyrosinase inhibition effect than kojic acid (12.82 ± 0.91 µg/mL), and oxypeucedanin (3.03 ± 0.01 µg/mL) showed better urease inhibition effect than thiourea (5.37 ± 1.86 µg/mL). Our results showed that the osthol molecule was an excellent skin protective agent while the oxypeucedanin molecule could be a remarkable antiulcer agent. Therefore, although this study is the first in its field, it remained in the
and
stages and is thought to pave the way for
studies in the future.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Isolation and characterization of anticancer activity guided secondary metabolites of endemic
Freyn& Bornm were aimed. Aerial parts of the plant were extracted by maceration method in the solvent ...system methanol-chloroform (1 : 1) at room temperature. The obtained crude extract was dissolved in purified water. Then, the extract was partitioned with
-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and
-butanol, respectively. Anticancer activity tests of all the fractions were performed against HeLa and C6 cancer cells. The chloroform fraction that has highest anticancer activity was subjected to chromatographic methods such as column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. Pentyl tetratetracontanoate (
), alfalone (
), 3,6,8-tribromoquinoline (
), and 3,6,8-tribromochromenium (
) molecules were detected from this plant for the first time. The structure determinations of the isolated molecules were elucidated by methods such as 1D and 2D NMR, HPLC - TOF / MS, and GC - MS analysis. Finally, anticancer and cytotoxic activity tests of the compounds were performed. Literature review showed that 3,6,8-tribromochromenium is a new compound. IC
values of compound
and compound
mix were determined to be 4.50 ± 0.10, 2.81 ± 0.00, 4.33 ± 0.00 μM against C6 cell, respectively. The drug likeness properties of
were obtained by SwissADME. According to Lipinski's rule of five;
could be a new potential anticancer agent.
A series of novel chiral 14 urea, thiourea and squaramide stereoisomers possessing carbohydrate backbones as well as amide functional groups was synthesized and characterized by their, 1H NMR, 13C ...NMR, FT-IR, HRMS, optical rotation, and melting points. Their antiproliferative activities were investigated against HeLa and PC3 cell lines. The compounds 9, 11 and 12 showed better activities at 25 μM against PC3 cell line with respect to the standard 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Especially, the compounds 9 and 11 showed higher activities than the standard 5-FU even at low concentration (5 μM) against HeLa cell line. IC50 results also confirm these activities. The compounds 9, 10 and 11 have the IC50 values of 1.10 μM, 1.51 μM and 1.02 μM, respectively while 5-FU has 2.51 μM. Moreover, their cytotoxicity tests have proven that their viabilities were in between 50% and 100%.
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•Novel urea, thiourea and squaramide derivatives 9–22 containing glucofuranose and galactopyranose were synthesized.•The urea and thiourea derivatives showed better antiproliferative activities than the standard in HeLa and PC3 cell lines.•Some of urea and thiourea derivatives showed valuable viabilities even at high concentrations in L929 cell line.
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