The introduction of the redox couple of triiodide/iodide (I3−/I−) into aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries is a promising energy‐storage resource owing to its safety and cost‐effectiveness. ...Nevertheless, the limited lifespan of zinc–iodine (Zn–I2) batteries is currently far from satisfactory owing to the uncontrolled shuttling of triiodide and unfavorable side‐reactions on the Zn anode. Herein, space‐resolution Raman and micro‐IR spectroscopies reveal that the Zn anode suffers from corrosion induced by both water and iodine species. Then, a metal–organic framework (MOF) is exploited as an ionic sieve membrane to simultaneously resolve these problems for Zn–I2 batteries. The multifunctional MOF membrane, first, suppresses the shuttling of I3− and restrains related parasitic side‐reaction on the Zn anode. Furthermore, by regulating the electrolyte solvation structure, the MOF channels construct a unique electrolyte structure (more aggregative ion associations than in saturated electrolyte). With the concurrent improvement on both the iodine cathode and the Zn anode, Zn–I2 batteries achieve an ultralong lifespan (>6000 cycles), high capacity retention (84.6%), and high reversibility (Coulombic efficiency: 99.65%). This work not only systematically reveals the parasitic influence of free water and iodine species to the Zn anode, but also provides an efficient strategy to develop long‐life aqueous Zn–I2 batteries.
Space‐resolution Raman and micro‐IR spectroscopies originally revealed the negative influence of water and iodine species to zinc anode. A metal–organic framework (MOF) membrane is adopted to concurrently suppress shuttling of triiodide and regulate electrolyte solvation. Benefiting from the MOF membrane, an aqueous zinc–iodide battery achieves long life (>6000 cycles), high capacity retention (84.6%), and high reversibility (Coulombic efficiency: 99.65%).
Rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries (RAZB) have been re‐evaluated because of the superiority in addressing safety and cost concerns. Nonetheless, the limited lifespan arising from dendritic ...electrodeposition of metallic Zn hinders their further development. Herein, a metal–organic framework (MOF) was constructed as front surface layer to maintain a super‐saturated electrolyte layer on the Zn anode. Raman spectroscopy indicated that the highly coordinated ion complexes migrating through the MOF channels were different from the solvation structure in bulk electrolyte. Benefiting from the unique super‐saturated front surface, symmetric Zn cells survived up to 3000 hours at 0.5 mA cm−2, near 55‐times that of bare Zn anodes. Moreover, aqueous MnO2–Zn batteries delivered a reversible capacity of 180.3 mAh g−1 and maintained a high capacity retention of 88.9 % after 600 cycles with MnO2 mass loading up to 4.2 mg cm−2.
Up front: A metal–organic framework (MOF) was constructed as a front surface layer to maintain a super‐saturated electrolyte layer on the Zn anode. Benefiting from the highly coordinated ion complexes in the MOF channels, the Zn anode underwent homogeneous zinc electrode‐position, had a lifespan of up to 3000 hours at 0.5 mA cm−2, and gave stable aqueous MnO2–Zn batteries.
Spastic paraplegia 50 (SPG50) is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in AP4M1. There are no effective treatments for SPG50 or any other type of SPG, and current ...treatments are limited to symptomatic management. In this issue of the JCI, Chen et al. provide promising data from preclinical studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety profiles of an AAV-mediated AP4M1 gene replacement therapy for SPG50. AAV/AP4M1 gene replacement partly rescued functional defects in SPG50 cellular and mouse models, with acceptable safety profiles in rodents and monkeys. This work represents a substantial advancement in therapeutic development of SPG50 treatments, establishing the criteria for taking AAV9/AP4M1 gene therapy to clinical trials.
Background
Whether video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) sleeve lobectomy could be an alternative to traditional thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy in treating centrally located non-small cell lung ...cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted the first meta-analysis to compare the effects of VATS sleeve lobectomy with thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy.
Methods
We systematically searched relevant studies from Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science on May 12, 2020. Data for analysis included short-term outcomes (blood loss, lymph node dissected, operation time, hospital stay, complications) and long-term outcomes (3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates). We calculated the weighted mean differences (WMDs) for continuous data and risk ratio (RR) for pooling categorical data.
Results
We finally included 5 retrospective cohort study consisting of 436 patients. VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded significantly less blood loss (WMD = −37.83; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) = −58.56, −17.11;
P
< 0.001) than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy and comparable total number of dissected lymph node to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (WMD = − 0.07; 95%CI = −1.14, 0.99;
P
= 0.89). However, VATS sleeve lobectomy consumed significantly more operation time than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (WMD = 49.00; 95%CI = 14.67, 83.34;
P
= 0.005). VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded significantly less postoperative hospital stay time than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (WMD = −1.68; 95%CI = −2.98, −0.39;
P
= 0.011) and comparable postoperative complication rate to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy (RR = 0.84; 95%CI = 0.49, 1.44;
P
= 0.52). Moreover, VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded comparable 3-year OS (RR = 1.08; 95%CI = 0.95, 1.22;
P
= 0.23) and PFS (RR = 1.15; 95%CI = 0.96, 1.37;
P
= 0.13) rates to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy. No significant heterogeneities were observed.
Conclusions
VATS sleeve lobectomy yielded less surgical trauma than thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy and improved postoperative recovery without compromising oncological prognosis. Even though VATS sleeve lobectomy may consume more operation time, it could be recommended as an alternative to thoracotomy sleeve lobectomy for treating centrally located NSCLC in carefully selected cases.
Aqueous electrolytes offer major advantages in safe battery operation, green economy, and low production cost for advanced battery technology. However, strong water activity in aqueous electrolytes ...provokes a hydrogen evolution reaction and parasitic passivation on electrodes, leaving poor ion‐transport in the electrolyte/electrode interface. Herein, a zeolite molecular sieve‐modified (zeolite‐modified) aqueous electrolyte is proposed to reduce water activity and its side‐reaction. First, Raman spectroscopy reveals a highly aggressive solvation configuration and significantly suppressed water activity toward single water molecule. Then less hydrogen evolution and anti‐corrosion ability of zeolite‐modified electrolyte by simulation and electrochemical characterizations are identified. Consequently, a zinc (Zn) anode involves less side‐reaction, and develops into a compact deposition morphology, as proved by space‐resolution characterizations. Moreover, zeolite‐modified electrolyte favors cyclic life of symmetric Zn||Zn cells to 4765 h at 0.8 mA cm−2, zinc‐VO2 coin cell to 3000 cycles, and pouch cell to 100 cycles. Finally, the mature production technique and low‐cost of zeolite molecular sieve would tremendously favor the future scale‐up application in engineering aspect.
A zeolite molecular sieve is demonstrated to reduce water activity and is employed for a high‐performance zinc anode. Spectroscopy and simulation characterizations identify that the zeolite‐molecular‐sieve‐modified electrolyte renders a highly aggressive solvation sheath and restrains the activity of water molecules. Benefitting from the regulation, the fabricated zinc anode demon strates a compact deposition and superior stability with less side‐product generation.
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