•The anti-gender marriage referendum campaign in Croatia imposed visibility on LGBTQ youth.•Imposed visibility transformed initial feelings of anger and fear into resilience.•The marriage referendum ...campaign empowered young LGBTQ people to engage in activism.•Participation in the LGBTQ community helped young people strengthen their resilience.•Young LGBTQ people in Croatia see their coming out as a political act.
After an intensive marriage referendum campaign in 2013, organized by the ‘In the Name of Family’ organisation (Cro. U ime obitelji), the definition of marriage as a union between a man and a woman was included in the Croatian constitution. At the time of the campaign, the participants in this research were young people, most of whom were in elementary or secondary school. Considering most of them had not come out to their immediate social circle, they were particularly vulnerable because of the visibility that was imposed on them.
This article will introduce the results of ethnographic research on the Zagreb Pride LGBTIQ non-governmental organisation, as part of which we conducted 31 semi-structured interviews with former and (at the time) current members of the organisation. We focused on three different issues: 1. How the marriage referendum campaign affected young LGBTQ individuals and their social engagement; 2. Why they saw their identity as an expression of political activism; 3. How they transformed their initial negative feelings into resilience and political activism.
The results show that the marriage referendum campaign had a significant impact on young LGBTQ people, transforming their initial feelings of anger and fear into resilience. Considering the political and social context in Croatian society at the time, our participants noted that they thought about their coming out as a political act. Consequently, this inspired them to further mobilise and take part in political activism.
This article analyses the processes of politicisation of some identities, religious affiliations and individual choices within the context of a right-wing backlash to increased recognition of the ...value and legitimacy of diversity in Europe. The rise of right-wing politics and increasing visibility of anti-immigrant and anti-LGBT movements have demonstrated the strong presence of traditional and patriarchal values and subjected some identities, religious affiliations or individual choices to processes of politicisation. One consequence of the problematisation and politicisation of such personal matters as gender, sexuality and religion is the further stigmatisation and marginalisation of already vulnerable groups. In this article, we consider the experience of young feminists, women of the Muslim community and LGBTIQ activists drawing on a meta-ethnographic synthesis of five cases of young people's activism from Portugal, Germany, Croatia and Russia. Analysis focuses on the question of visibility among these groups of stigmatised young people. We show that while, for some, visibility is a matter of necessity for political engagement, for others, it can entrench stigmatisation and discrimination. We also consider the role of families and communities of belonging, which, in some cases, encouraged but, in other cases, responded negatively towards the young people's engagement.
U radu su prikazani rezultati etnografskog istraživanja ansambla JeboTon, skupine mladih glazbenika koji sviraju na zagrebačkim ulicama. JeboTon je kolektiv članova raznih bendova koji su željeli ...sudjelovati na zagrebačkoj sceni tako što će svirati na ulici. Većina ljudi aktivnih u JeboTonu mladi su ljudi od 20 do 30 godina. Aktivnosti temelje na sviranju na javnim prostorima u Zagrebu, ali putuju i u druge hrvatske gradove te u inozemstvo. Promatranjem sa sudjelovanjem istraživane su aktivnosti, organizacija te unutargrupna dinamika, dok su materijali prikupljeni polustrukturiranim intervjuima korišteni pri analizi specifičnih narativa pojedinaca u kolektivu, kao i njihovih stavova u vezi s kulturom, alternativnom scenom u Zagrebu, principima djelovanja kolektiva te ulozi javnog prostora u reprodukciji kulturnog sadržaja. U ovom radu želimo odgovoriti na dva istraživačka pitanja: 1. kako mladi aktivni u ansamblu JeboTon gledaju na svoje djelovanje u javnom prostoru; 2. kako mladi aktivni u ansamblu JeboTon doživljavaju javni prostor kao mjesta kulturne reprodukcije u usporedbi s drugim prostorima kulturne reprodukcije (npr. klubovima). Kako bismo predmetu istraživanja pristupili što detaljnije, istraživanju javnog prostora i kulturnih praksi pristupili smo koristeći se konceptima koji su bliski različitim disciplinama koje istražuju urbane i javne prostore kao što su urbana sociologija i antropologija te disciplinama koje se bave kulturom i mladima.
U studiji koja objedinjuje kvantitativni i kvalitativni istraživački pristup proučavana je zastupljenost pojedinih oblika kulturne participacije među mladima i različiti obrasci kulturne transmisije. ...Kvantitativni dio istraživanja temelji se na anketnom istraživanju 2148 učenika drugih i trećih razreda iz 28 hrvatskih srednjih škola (u dobi od 15 do 17), a kvalitativni na 60 polustrukturiranih intervjua s učenicima te devet s njihovim nastavnicima. Pored toga su u devet obitelji provedena 23 dubinska intervjua s mladima (u dobi od 18 do 26) i njihovim precima (očevi/majke, djedovi/bake). Istraživanje je pokazalo da se kulturne aktivnosti iz perspektive mladih mogu klasificirati u domene visoke kulture, popularne online i popularne glazbene kulture. Adolescenti obuhvaćeni istraživanjem pokazali su ograničeno zanimanje za visoku i tradicionalnu kulturu nadomještajući ih popularnom kulturom, primjerice online sadržajima ili slušanjem glazbe. Socijalni status tek u maloj mjeri objašnjava kulturnu participaciju bilo koje vrste, što uvelike problematizira teorijsku pretpostavku o kulturnoj reprodukciji visoke kulture. Iako je roditeljska kulturna participacija u promatranoj dobi još uvijek važna za participaciju djece, njezina snaga i utjecaj slabe i prepuštaju mjesto vršnjacima koji u srednjoj školi u tom segmentu adolescentima postaju glavni socijalizacijski agens. Stoga možemo zaključiti kako u kulturnoj participaciji adolescenata dominira popularna kultura koju konzumiraju poglavito s vršnjacima i pod njihovim utjecajem.
A number of recent international studies have reported the growing electoral success of populist parties among younger age groups. In this study, authors analysed the breeding ground for populism ...among the youth in Zagreb using the results of the Memory, Youth, Political Legacy and Civic Engagement (MYPLACE) project in Croatia. A mixed methods approach was employed with thematic analysis of 61 semi-structured interviews and regression analysis on a survey sample data of 1,216 young people aged 1625. Qualitative analysis indicated analogies to Cas Muddes three core concepts of populism (the good people, the bad elite and the general will) among interviewees opinions. In addition, common ideological features of populism (nationalism and radical egalitarianism) were to a degree present among the interviewees attitudes. In the quantitative part of this paper, the authors narrowed the analysis of populism to the radical right variant of populism, and given the lack of prominent populist actors in Croatia to support of ideas rather than political parties. The attitude towards a political system with a strong leader not constrained by parliament was chosen as the outcome since it holds significant populist potential in contemporary democracies. Analyses showed the connection of the anti-elite, anti-systemic attitudes as well as authoritarianism and a few right-wing political attitudes with the strong leader preference. Both qualitative and quantitative results of this study indicated that the breeding ground for populism exists among the youth in Zagreb. Additional research is required to further examine that complex and previously unexplored topic. / Recentne medunarodne studije izvjestavaju o porastu izbornog uspjeha populistickih politickih stranaka medu mladom populacijom. U ovom je radu istrazeno postoji li »plodno tlo« za prihvacanje populizma medu mladima u Zagrebu na temelju hrvatskih rezultata projekta Memory, Youth, Political Legacy and Civic Engagement (MYPLACE). Koristena je mjesovita metoda - tematska analiza 61 polustrukturiranog intervjua i regresijska analiza provedena na anketnim podacima prikupljenim na uzorku od 1.216 mladih u dobi od 16 do 25 godina. Kvalitativna je analiza indicirala postojanje analogija u politickim stavovima intervjuiranih mladih s trima idejama koje su u temelju modela populizma Casa Muddea (»narod je dobar i pravedan«, »politicka elita je pokvarena« i »treba se provoditi opca volja naroda«). Takoder, dio je sugovornika zastupao neke od uobicajenih ideoloskih komponenti populizma - nacionalizam i radikalni egalitarizam. U kvantitativnom dijelu rada analiza je suzena na samo jednu dimenziju populizma - radikalnu desnu varijantu. S obzirom na to da u vrijeme istrazivanja u Hrvatskoj nisu postojale utjecajnije populisticke stranke, analiza je s podrzavanja politickih stranaka usmjerena na podrzavanje ideja. Za kriterijsku varijablu regresijske analize izabrana je preferencija politickog sustava s jakim vodom koji nije pod kontrolom parlamenta. Ta preferencija, uz autoritarna svojstva, sadrzava i jak populisticki potencijal u suvremenim demokracijama. Analize su pokazale da su stavovi protiv elita i protiv sustava institucija kod mladih povezani s preferencijom nedemokratskoga jakog vode, kao i autoritarnost te nekoliko radikalnijih desnih stavova. I kvalitativni i kvantitativni nalazi upucuju na to da postoji plodno tlo za razvoj populizma medu mladima u Zagrebu, no potrebne su daljnje studije kako bi se istrazio taj kompleksan i u Hrvatskoj dosad gotovo neistrazen fenomen.
A number of recent international studies have reported the growing electoral success of populist parties among younger age groups. In this study, authors analysed the “breeding ground” for populism ...among the youth in Zagreb using the results of the Memory, Youth, Political Legacy and Civic Engagement (MYPLACE) project in Croatia. A mixed methods approach was employed with thematic analysis of 61 semi-structured interviews and regression analysis on a survey sample data of 1,216 young people aged 16–25. Qualitative analysis indicated analogies to Cas Mudde’s three core concepts of populism (the “good people”, the “bad elite” and the “general will”) among interviewees’ opinions.In addition, common ideological features of populism (nationalism and radical egalitarianism) were to a degree present among the interviewees’ attitudes. In the quantitative part of this paper, the authors narrowed the analysis of populism to the radical right variant of populism, and – given the lack of prominent populist actors in Croatia – to support of ideas rather than political parties. The attitude towards a political system with a strong leader not constrained by parliament was chosen as the outcome since it holds significant populist potential in contemporary democracies. Analyses showed the connection of the anti-elite, anti-systemic attitudes – as well as authoritarianism and a few right-wing political attitudes –with the strong leader preference. Both qualitative and quantitative results of this study indicated that the “breeding ground” for populism exists among the youth in Zagreb. Additional research is required to further examine that complex and previously unexplored topic.
Kada se govori o pocecima razvoja civilnog društva na našim prostorima, moraju se spomenuti osamdesete godine koje su doprinijele razvoju civilnog društva kakvo danas poznajemo.
To su bile godine ...obilježene bu&enjem ženskih, mirovnih i ekoloških prava, pokreta za ljudska prava i opcenito su doprinijele demokratizaciji društva. Tada nije bilo prostora za mlade gdje bi mogli potpuno slobodno govoriti i raditi ono što drže potrebnim i ispravnim. Koliko god se stvarao dojam slobode, toliko su se i postavljale granice kada bi se ta sloboda pokušala iskoristiti otvaranjem nekoga važnijeg pitanja. Ovo su neki od razloga zbog kojih se pojavljuju pioniri aktivizma na našem prostoru. Postavljanjem temelja civilnoga društva u osamdesetim su se godinama dogodili znacajni pomaci na polju demokratizacije društva.
Veliku ulogu tada su odigrale inicijative poput TTB-a i kasnije udruge Svarun, Ženske grupe Trešnjevka te danas poznate Zelene akcije.
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