Wound healing has been intensely studied in order to develop an "ideal" technique that achieves expeditious recovery and reduces scarring to the minimum, thus ensuring function preservation. The ...classic approach to wound management is represented by topical treatments, such as antibacterial or colloidal agents, in order to prevent infection and promote a proper wound-healing process. Nanotechnology studies submicroscopic particles (maximum diameter of 100 nm), as well as correlated phenomena. Metal nanoparticles (e.g., silver, gold, zinc) are increasingly being used in dermatology, due to their beneficial effect on accelerating wound healing, as well as treating and preventing bacterial infections. Other benefits include: ease of use, less frequent dressing changes and a constantly moist wound environment. This review highlights recent findings regarding nanoparticle application in wound management.
In this article, I shall present the procedure for issuing a presidential decree to institute the state of emergency in accordance with art. 93 of the Constitution, as well as with Emergency ...Ordinance no. 1/1999 concerning the regime of the state of siege state and the regime of the state of emergency (EOG no. 1/1999). There is no maximum time limit for the duration of the state of emergency. However, there is a fundamental rule provided by EOG no. 1/1999 according to which the prolongation of the state of emergency can be disposed by the President only with the consent of the Parliament, and only for short consecutive 30 days periods. This legal guarantee against abuse of power provides an efficient control and consensus building mechanism.
In this article, I shall examine the legal nature of presidential decrees for instituting and prolonging the state of emergency. Despite their content, which provides various restrictions on ...fundamental rights and liberties, in fact, they remain true normative administrative acts issued in order to execute legal provisions of Emergency Ordinance no. 1/1999 concerning the regime of the state of siege and the regime of the state of emergency, approved by the Parliament through organic law no. 453/2004.
In this article, I shall discuss the legal nature of the military ordinances issued by the Minister of Internal Affairs during the state of emergency, in accordance with Emergency Ordinance no. ...1/1999 concerning the regime of the state of siege and the regime of state of emergency (EOG no. 1/1999). My advice is that no one should not fall for the term „military”. In fact, military ordinances issued during the state of emergency by the Minister of Internal Affairs are normative administrative acts facilitating the execution of EOG no. 1/1999 provisions. As a result, they could be contested for legality in front of the judiciary, but they cannot be suspended, in accordance with art. 5 para. 3 of the Law no. 554/2004 concerning the judiciary control over the administrative acts.
In this article, I shall discuss two issues. First, I shall explain the Constitutional Court case-law on matters related to restrictions of fundamental rights and liberties by emergency decrees ...adopted by the Government. Second, I shall propose a specific and different interpretation of the constitutional provisions regulating the state of emergency (art. 93), the restriction of fundamental rights and liberties (art. 53) and the legislative delegation (art. 115).
Although a growing number of countries are experiencing structural societal changes characterised by an increased prominence of post materialistic societal goals and personal values, there is limited ...empirical evidence on the economic effects of post materialism. In this paper, we address this gap in the literature by estimating the effect of post materialism on the level of economic development for a heterogeneous set of countries. Furthermore, in line with the notion that institutions may act as transmission channel of economic effects of social values, we estimate whether institutions transmit indirect effects from post materialism. Our findings show that post materialism and institutions both generate sizeable effects on economic development. Institutions create consistent positive effects. The effect of post materialism consists of a negative direct effect and a larger positive indirect effect transmitted via institutions related to personal freedom, a solid regulatory framework and low corruption. These findings reflect the importance of accounting for the effects of social values such as post materialism and institutions as well as their interrelationship to identify more fully their impact on economic development.
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis (Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP)) is the most common vasculitis in children. It is characterized by purpuric rash, arthritis, gastrointestinal, and/or renal ...involvement. Spontaneous resolution is the typical outcome. In chronic cutaneous manifestations of IgA vasculitis, dapsone seems to show a good effectiveness. Multiple case reports and case series about dapsone in chronic IgA vasculitis are available. However, no clear evaluation of its indications, its effectiveness, or its usage guidelines (optimal dosage or duration of treatment) is available. We reviewed the published cases of IgA vasculitis treated by dapsone and compared them with 2 similar cases that we encountered. Seventeen patients (ranging from 22 months old to 16 years old) with severe or persistent clinical signs of IgA vasculitis were included. Dapsone showed good results on the resolution of cutaneous lesions but not on renal manifestations. Complications (methemoglobinemia) were observed on 1 patient. Half of the patients relapsed after treatment discontinuation. The difference between the time lapse before initiation and the duration of the treatment was not significant.
Conclusion
: We suggest that dapsone can have a positive effect in chronic IgA vasculitis when cutaneous manifestations last more than 6 weeks at the dosage of 1–2 mg/kg once per day during 1 week.
What is Known:
• IgA vasculitis or Henoch-Schonlein purpura is the most common vasculitis in children and affects mostly small vessels of the skin, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract. It resolves spontaneously in most of the cases. Exceptionally, cutaneous lesions can last several weeks.
• Dapsone is a bacteriostatic antibacterial sulfonamide drug found to be effective in the treatment of some inflammatory dermatological diseases like IgA vasculitis.
What is New:
• Dapsone is effective against chronic purpuric lesion (> 6 weeks) at the minimal dose of 1 mg/kg/day.
• Relapse occurs frequently after discontinuation but responds after a second course of treatment. A longer duration of treatment or a delay in treatment by dapsone does not seem to influence the relapse rate.
The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted all aspects of social and economic life, including the evolution of stock markets. Thus, we advance a methodological framework suitable for ...assessing 2020 year-long shifts in markets’ statistical complexity, and we apply such framework to ten major international developed or emerging stock markets. Our research reveals that this crisis had considerably altered markets’ evolutionary patterns. The network description of markets’ multivocal transmission of complex responses changed in 2020, European and Asian markets playing a pivotal role. Nevertheless, an important regional and time heterogeneity emerges. In addition, we find that the total number of worldwide confirmed COVID-19 cases plays a leading role in the changes in markets’ complexity.
•VaR dynamics are non-uniform for both developed and emergent markets.•Sensible different potential losses appear for both developed and emergent markets.•Proposed indicator is a test of financial ...markets information efficiency changes.•Financial assets’ prices are driven by interest rates and changes in business cycle.
In the present paper we discuss the forecasting ability of the VaR model, within the context of a Generalized Autoregressive Score (GAS). The proposed method considers an Asymmetric Laplace Distribution (GAS-ALD) to describe the daily log-returns of the analyzed data. A forecastability indicator for a certain probability of VaR is proposed. The approach uses back-testing and several unconditional and conditional tests, to see whether or not the GAS-ALD model accurately describes the specificity of log-returns’ distribution. Our results show a strong connection between this indicator and the informational efficiency of financial markets, as it indirectly reflects shifts in market efficiency.
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