Background: Effective care of any trauma is a priority in all health care systems. If a patient gets adequate treatment within "golden hour" from the injury the prognosis is better, but not as the ...only factor. The objective was focused on the influence of time and spacial distance of the hospital from the accident as determinant factors of survival, all in the aim Public Health System of Montenegro reorganisation for better accessibility for traumatized persons from 2011-2020.
Methods: Among 334 subjects, three groups were defined according to the type of injury: bleeding, ashpyxiations, and cranio-cerebral injuries. In every group lethal and non-lethal subjects were analyzed.
Results: Cut-off values are given by ROC curves following proximity and transportation time to hospital specific for injury sustained, as well as for nearest hospital, showed significant differences for proximity of any hospital for bleeding and asphyxiation injuries, and for proximity of any hospital and transportation time to the hospital specific for the sustained cranio-cerebral injury.
Conclusion: Most of the seriously injured patients with bleeding or asphyxiation could be taken care of in any hospital while for cranio-cerebral injuries the specific hospital is crucial. How it is very often about, different organ systems are usualy injured in single patient, so the forming of easily available trauma centers net is the best solution for Montenegro, which is necessary for better survival rates.
Lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers have been globally estimated to account for about 3.8% of all cancer cases and 3.6% of cancer deaths. Mortality of these cancers is generally higher in ...developing than in developed countries. Overall cancer mortality rate in Serbia is one of the highest in the world. The aim of this study was to determine the mortality rate trends and the most common localization of lip, oral and pharyngeal cancers in Serbia.
The study was conducted in 2018 as descriptive epidemiological study and included years from 1999 to 2015. The differences in standardized mortality rates and number of deaths were analyzed with regard to age, gender, and tumor localization. Linear trend and regression were used to determine mortality rate trend.
There was statistically significant difference in the number of deaths between men and women in the ages of 40 and over (
< 0.01); male/female cancer mortality ratio was 4.56:1. Generally, the most common localization of this carcinoma was hypopharynx. There was no statistically significant increase of mortality rates from these cancers for both genders (males: y = 4.77 + 0.42x,
= 0.069 % change = +20.35; females: y = 1.03 + 0.01x,
= 0.40 % change = +4) during 17-year period.
Promotion of healthy habits, life-styles and regular inspection of mouth by patients and health professionals should be better prioritized especially in developing countries where implementing and improving national health prevention programs are essential.
Changing daily habits such as diet, hygiene and physical activity may be some of the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of this pandemic on ...lifestyle, physical activity, eating and hygiene habits among students.
This cross-sectional study involved 171 students from the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia. Data were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, Marginal homogeneity test and Chi-square test. The differences were considered statistically significant when
≤ 0.05.
In this study, it was observed that the most common physical activity before the pandemic was walking, while during the pandemic was home exercising. Compared to the period before the pandemic, there was no difference in the time spent engaging in daily physical activity (
= 0.334). However, there was a significant increase in sitting time during the pandemic (
= 0.005). Difference was noticed in the use of breakfast, the number of meals, and the type of fat in the diet before and during the pandemic (
= 0.000). During the pandemic, there was an increase in the use of fruits (
= 0.000), vegetables, and nuts (
= 0.001), while the use of fast food and alcohol have decreased. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant increase in the use of dietary supplements was observed (40.2%), (
= 0.008).
Given that the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, certain changes in lifestyle observed in this study should be confirmed in more extensive population studies.
Healthcare workers in intensive care units work under specifically hard conditions compared to healthcare workers who work under regular clinical conditions. In this sense, the research aims at ...assessing the level of burnout symptomatology among nurse technicians working in intensive care units for cardiovascular surgery and to compare those burnout levels with those recorded for medical technicians working under regular clinical conditions.
The research was designed as a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of nurse technicians working in intensive care units specializing in cardiovascular surgery (70 participants) and nurse technicians working under regular clinical conditions (70 participants) at the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases "Dedinje," Belgrade, Serbia. To evaluate the manifestation of burnout syndrome at work, the analysis uses the Serbian version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS).
To examine the variances in the average sub-scores for burnout within two groups of medical technicians, the study used Two Independent Samples
-test. The statistically noteworthy differentiation was ascertained for emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment, but this does not hold true for depersonalization. However, the mean score values across the different burnout levels (low, moderate, high) are similar in two cohorts of respondents (
> 0.05).
This study will serve as an impetus for a policy reform focused on ameliorating working conditions and improving healthcare workers' satisfaction and overall healthcare quality.
Indoor air quality (IAQ) is rated as a serious public health issue. Knowing children are accounted as more vulnerable to environmental health hazards, data are needed on air quality in schools. ...Methods A project was conducted from 2007 until 2009 (SEARCH, School Environment and Respiratory Health of Children), aiming to verify links between IAQ and children’s respiratory health. Study was conducted in ten primary schools on 735 children, in 44 classrooms. Children were randomly selected. Research tools and indicators used for children’s exposure to school environment were indoor and outdoor pollutants, two standardized questionnaires for school and classroom characteristics. In both classroom air and ambient air in front of them we measured, during a 5-day exposure period for continuous 24h measuring: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, indoor air temperature, relative humidity, and PM10 during classes. Results PM10 concentrations were significantly most frequent in an interval of ≥80.1μg/m3, that is, in the interval above 50μg/m3. Mean PM10 value was 82.24±42.43 μg/m3, ranging from 32.00μg/m3 to of 197.00μg/m3. Conclusion The increase of outdoor PM10 concentration significantly affects the increase of indoor PM10. A statistically significant difference exists for average IAQ PM10 concentrations vs. indicators of indoor thermal comfort zone (p<0.0001); they are lower in the classrooms with indicators within the comfort zone. Moreover, dominant factors for the increase of PM10 are: high occupancy rate in the classroom (<2m2 of space per child), high relative humidity (>75%), and indoor temperature beyond 23°C, as well as bad ventilation habits (keeping windows shut most of the time).
Sedentary lifestyle represents a growing health problem and considering that there is already a range of unhealthy habits that are marked as health risk factors and the increasing prevalence of ...sedentary lifestyle worldwide, we aimed to investigate association of sedentary way of living in suburb, working class local community with socioeconomic determinants such as educational level, occupation and income status.
In this community-based cross-sectional study, 1126 independently functioning adults were enrolled into the study. The study protocol included a complete clinical and biochemical investigation revealing age, gender, lipid status, height, weight and blood pressure. Trained interviewers (nurses) collected information from patients about current state of chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension) smoking, medication and other socioeconomic data. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square and logistic regression were performed as statistical calculations.
Patients with elementary school were seven times more likely to be classified in category with sedentary lifestyle compared to patients with college or faculty degree. Being retired and reporting low income were significantly associated with higher odds of sedentary behavior when compared with students and patients with high-income status, respectively.
The significance of this study lies in the fact that our results may help to easier identification of patients who may have a tendency towards a sedentary lifestyle.
Background/Aim. Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children and adolescents and has shown an apparent increase in incidence in recent years. The first purpose of the study was to evaluate ...the influence of education about proper use of inhalers on quality of life in children with asthma. Secondly, we aimed to understand which aspects of quality of life in children with asthma can be significantly improved after education and to identify factors that may affect the level of that improvement. Methods. In this prospective, before-and-after interventional study, a total of 147 children with asthma were enrolled. The Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) was used to measure the functional problems that are most troublesome to children with asthma. We used the Asthma Control Test (ACT), based on a series of question about symptoms and daily functioning, to identify patients with poorly controlled asthma. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were also determined. Trained educators estimated patients? inhaler technique and collected questionnaire information. Results. Multivariate analysis of covariance indicated significant differences between PAQLQ and ACT scores which all were significantly higher after education about proper use of inhalers (p < 0.001). A number of children demonstrating a correct inhalation technique improved from 28 (19%) to 127 (86.4%) (p < 0.001). Asthma severity accounted for the largest proportion of variability PAQLQ and ACT scores (38.4%). Conclusion. Inhaler technique improvement contributes to better asthma control in children with asthma rather than to their quality of life. Asthma severity proved to be a major contributor to variations in PAQLQ and ACT scores and significant obstacle for quality of life improvement in children with asthma.
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