Objective
Spain’s so-called Stroke Belt is an area with high prevalence of vascular disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence of undetected obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) among ...patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in southern Spain.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Virgen Macarena University Hospital Stroke Unit during 2018 to 2019. We included patients <72 hours after AIS with a neuroimaging lesion and performed sleep tests.
Results
Seventy-two patients were included. The median participant age was 72 years. Mean body mass index was 27.07 kg/m2, and 40.28% were daily alcohol drinkers. Hypertension, atrial fibrillation, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and previous stroke were detected in 63.9%, 11.1%, 15.3%, and 17.6% of patients, respectively. Polygraphy was feasible in 91.38% of patients. The prevalence of OSAHS was 84.72% (apnea–hypopnea index ≥5). Patients with moderate and severe OSAHS were more likely to be obese and to have a larger neck circumference and facial palsy. The diagnostic criteria of central sleep apnea syndrome were met in only 1.38% of patients.
Conclusions
The high prevalence of OSAHS found in the Spanish Stroke Belt justifies further investigation and development of a screening program as a strategy to identify patients with undetected OSAHS.
Objective
To assess the test‐retest reliability of the 10‐step stair ascent test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and 10‐meter walking test under dual‐task conditions in patients with fibromyalgia.
...Design
Test‐retest reliability.
Settings
Local fibromyalgia association and university facilities.
Participants
Thirty‐eight women with fibromyalgia.
Interventions
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measures
Fear of falling and the number of falls in the last year were measured using a visual analogue scale. The 10‐step stair ascent test, TUG test, and 10‐meter walking test were conducted under single‐ and dual‐task conditions. The order between single‐ and dual‐task condition was randomized in both test and retest. Retest measurement was assessed the week following the test.
Results
The reliability of the performance on the 10‐step stair ascent test under dual and single conditions ranged between good (>0.75 to < 0.9) and excellent (≥0.9), but there were significant differences between test and retest. The reliability of the TUG is between good (≥0.75 to < 0.9) and excellent (≥0.9) under the dual‐task condition as well as moderate (≥0.5 to <0.75) and excellent (≥0.9) under the single‐task condition. The reliability of the 10‐meter walking dual‐task test is between moderate (≥0.5 to <0.75) and good (≥0.75 to < 0.9) under dual‐ and single‐task condition, respectively.
Conclusions
The TUG and 10‐meter walking tests are reliable for assessing mobility under the dual‐task condition in women with fibromyalgia. The performance on the TUG, 10‐step stair ascent, and 10‐meter walking test under single‐ and dual‐task conditions was significantly related to fear of falling. These results may help healthcare professionals and researchers to interpret the effect of interventions in women with fibromyalgia.
Background: Fibromyalgia symptoms have a significant impact on the ability to perform activities of daily living. These activities require the ability to perform two or more tasks at the same time, ...which is known as a dual task. Purpose: To analyze physical and cognitive performance differences between memory and arithmetic dual tasks. Methods: Twenty-five women with fibromyalgia participated in this study. Participants performed three physical tests (back scratch, arm curl, and 10-step stair) as a single task and under two types of dual task (memory and arithmetic). Results: Differences between the single and dual tasks were observed in the back scratch and the 10-step stair tests using the arithmetic dual-task. Significant differences were only observed for the memory dual-task in the 10-step stair test. In addition, the performance in the back scratch and in the 10-step stair was significantly lower under the arithmetic compared to the memory-based dual task. Furthermore, a significant difference between these two types of dual task was obtained in the dual-task cost of 10-step stair. Regarding cognitive performance, a significantly lower percentage of correct responses was found in the AbDT compared to the MbDT in the 10-step stair test. Conclusions: the AbDT could have a higher impact on physical performance than the MbDT during the back scratch and the 10-step stair tests. The characteristics of the sample, environment, complexity of the motor task, and difficulty of the simultaneous cognitive task may also be relevant for understanding the differences in dual-task interference.
This paper describes a procedure for the determination of antimony (III) by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry using a mercury film screen-printed electrode as the working electrode. The ...procedure has been optimized using experimental design methodology. Under these conditions, in terms of Residual Standard Deviation (RSD), the repeatability (3.81 %) and the reproducibility (5.07 %) of the constructed electrodes were both analyzed. The detection limit for Sb (III) was calculated at a value of 1.27×10(-8) M. The linear range obtained was between 0.99 × 10(-8) - 8.26 × 10(-8) M. An analysis of possible effects due to the presence of foreign ions in the solution was performed and the procedure was successfully applied to the determination of antimony levels in pharmaceutical preparations and sea water samples.
The purpose of this research article is to provide a comprehensive method of evaluation for public transportation. In this sense, this study considers transport lines that offer in Ciudad Juárez, ...Chihuahua. Hence, this study presents a description of the public transport system as part of the literature review. Likewise, the document describes an appropriate model based on the more outstanding publications about urban mobility and public transportation for passengers. Nevertheless, it is based on the Pythagorean Fuzzy combinative distance-based assessment (CODAS) to analyze and evaluate the alternatives through criteria that define general performance. Thus, the integration of these methods provides an adequate methodology for decision-making concerning urban planning and mobility to detect and improve the performance of criteria not considered within sustainable urban mobility plans. Results show how the applied approach can work as a powerful tool for the appraisal of the transport service. Finally, the results give relevant information to the local authority of the transport management of Ciudad Juarez to do improvements focused on the user.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the application of two types of alveolar recruitment manoeuvres (ARMs) followed by a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) improved lung ...mechanics and the degree of atelectasis caused by general anaesthesia. Twenty-one female Merino sheep were divided into three groups: sustained inflation ARM (ARMsust), stepwise ARM (AMRstep), and control (without ARM). Sheep received detomidine-morphine for premedication, propofol for induction, and isoflurane during general anaesthesia in a volume-controlled mode with 100% oxygen during the first 15 min of anaesthesia and 40% the rest of the study. The right jugular vein and metacarpal artery were catheterised for mixed venous and arterial blood sample collection, respectively. The quasistatic compliance (Cqst), oxygenation parameters, and shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) were monitored before ARM application (TpreARM), and at 10 (T10) and 60 min (T60) after ARM application. A pulmonary histopathological study was conducted on five animals from each group. A significant increase in Cqst was observed in both ARM groups at T10 compared to TpreARM (ARMsust: P = 0.001; ARMstep: P = 0.002), although only the ARMsust group showed significant differences compared to the control group. The ARMstep group presented a significant improvement in oxygenation parameters and Qs/Qt fraction (T10: 4.84 (3.26–16.48)%, P = 0.048; T60: 4.40 (4.31–14.16)%, P = 0.004) compared with TpreARM (21.48 (20.61–28.32)%). The ARMstep group had the highest percentage of alveolar area and the most homogeneous values. In conclusion, the application of a stepwise ARM followed by PEEP improved atelectasis caused by isoflurane anaesthesia in healthy sheep.
•Stepwise manoeuvre improved oxygenation in healthy sheep under general anaesthesia.•Stepwise manoeuvre improved shunt fraction in healthy sheep under general anaesthesia.•Stepwise manoeuvre obtained good results in histopathological study in healthy sheep.•Stepwise manoeuvre benefits were maintained for 60 min.
Las plantaciones forestales son una opción viable para la forestación de áreas con suelos degradados, la utilización de especies con características de rápido crecimiento y fácil adaptabilidad ...permiten acelerar los procesos para mejorar algunas características físicas, químicas y biológicas del suelo. El estudio se desarrolló en la plantación “Mario Ávila Hernández”, en terrenos de la Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, misma que se estableció entre 1960 y 1962 con f ines de rehabilitar suelos erosionados en ladera. Se seleccionaron tres rodales con una superf icie de una hectárea, en donde inicialmente se estableció sobre tepetates roturados la especie Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh a una distancia de tres metros, y posteriormente se presentó la especie Opuntia f icus-indica L. Mill como especie invasora. Dos rodales tuvieron la presencia de Opuntia y un tercero solo contó con E. camaldulensis Dehnh. Las propiedades del suelo evaluadas para determinar el impacto de las plantaciones en estas fueron las siguientes: densidad aparente (DAP), estabilidad de agregados (EA) y profundidad, en las propiedades físicas, mientras que las propiedades químicas fueron nitrógeno total (Nt), fósforo (P), potasio (K), materia orgánica (MO) y pH. La plantación de E. camaldulensis ha mejorado la condición de los tepetates roturados, principalmente con la protección que se tiene del suelo por la cobertura vegetal y a través del aporte de residuos vegetales como hojarasca, ramas y corteza desprendida, propiciando una mejora en las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos evaluadas. Los resultados no muestran diferencias en las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos cuando se establece solo el E. camaldulensis o donde se tienen esta especie junto a la O. ficus-indica, solo hubo diferencias significativas del rodal con una especie comparado con los rodales donde se tiene las dos especies para el contenido de potasio que fue más alto y el pH más bajo en el rodal con solo el Eucalyptus.
This paper describes a new procedure for the determination of Sb (III) and Sb (V) by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV) using pyrogallol as a complexing agent. The selection ...of the experimental conditions was made using experimental design methodology. The detection limits obtained were 1.03
×
10
−10 and 9.48
×
10
−9
mol
dm
−3 for Sb (III) and Sb (V), respectively.
In order to carry out the simultaneously determination of both antimony species a partial least squares regression (PLS) is employed to resolve the voltammetric signals from mixtures of Sb (III) and Sb (V) in the presence of pyrogallol. The relative error in absolute value is less than 0.5% when concentrations of several mixtures are calculated. Moreover, the solution is analyzed for any possible effects of foreign ions. The procedure is successfully applied to the speciation of antimony in pharmaceutical preparations and water samples.
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