Infectious coryza (IC) is an acute infectious respiratory disease in chickens that is caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum (A. paragallinarum). A. paragallinarum poses a significant threat to ...poultry health due to its virulence and multidrug resistance. This study isolated and identified 21 A. paragallinarum isolates from Guangdong between 2022 and 2023. Biochemical tests showed that 100% of A. paragallinarum isolates fermented glucose but did not ferment alginate and galactose, and only YZ18 was nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide independent. To determine the genetic relatedness between these isolates and NCBI reference strains, whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis was employed. In addition, analysis of the 2,000 bp-length hmtp210 gene showed that the hmtp210 gene was strongly associated with A. paragallinarum serotypes. Meanwhile, a PCR assay for serotyping A. paragallinarum was developed based on the hmtp210 gene, this assay has high sensitivity and specificity. The antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was assessed using the disk diffusion method. The antibiotic resistance genes of isolates were analyzed using the genomic method. Phenotypic resistance to ampicillin (95.2%), streptomycin (95.2%), methotrexate-sulfamethoxazole (90.5%), and tetracycline (85.7%) was most frequent among the isolates. All of the isolates exhibited resistance to multiple drugs, and furthermore, the isolates possessed a collective total of 14 genes associated with antibiotic resistance. This study will contribute to advancing our knowledge of A. paragallinarum antibiotic resistance and provide a scientific basis for the prophylaxis and treatment of IC, and the subsequent rational design of potential clinical therapeutics.
Sarcopenia is a pathological change characterized by muscle loss in older people. According to the reports, there is controversy on the relationship between dyslipidemia and sarcopenia. Therefore, ...this meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia.
We searched the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP Database) for case‒control studies to extract data on the odds ratio (OR) between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia and the MD(mean difference) of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TG/HDL-C between sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia. The JBI(Joanna Briggs) guidelines were used to evaluate the quality. Excel 2021, Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 16.0 were used for the statistical analysis.
Twenty studies were included in the meta-analysis, 19 of which were evaluated as good quality. The overall OR of the relationship between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia was 1.47, and the MD values of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, and TG/HDL-C were 1.10, 1.95, 1.27, 30.13, and 0.16 respectively. In female, compared with the non-sarcopnia, the MD of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG of sarcopenia were - 1.67,2.21,1.02,-3.18 respectively. In male, the MD of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia were - 0.51, 1.41, 5.77, -0.67. The OR between sarcopenia and dyslipidemia of the non-China region was 4.38, and it was 0.9 in China. In the group(> 60), MD of TC between sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia was 2.63, while it was 1.54 in the group(20-60).
Dyslipidemia was associated with sarcopenia in the elderly, which was affected by sex, region and age.
To compare the screening ability of the phase Angle (PhA) and the Short-Form Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) alone and combined detection in the different stages of sarcopenia among the older ...adults in the community.
The older adults aged 65 and above were enlisted during community outpatient service and their nutritional status was evaluated by MNA-SF scale. PhA was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). AWGS2019 and EWGSOP2010 were used to define the different stages of sarcopenia. We measured skeletal mass index (SMI) and grip strength with BIA and electronic grip apparatus and measured body function with 6-m pace, SPPB test, and standing test.
The AUC of PhA in the screening of possible sarcopenia was 0.640, the sensitivity was 58.49%, the specificity was 66.67%, and the cut-off value was 4.5. The AUC of the combined PhA and MNA-SF for possible sarcopenia was 0.642, the sensitivity was 57.55%, and the specificity was 70.00%. The AUC of MNA-SF for the screening of pre-sarcopenia was 0.805, the sensitivity was 66.67%, the specificity was 85.83%, and the cut-off value was 12. The AUC of the combined PhA and MNA-SF was 0.826, the sensitivity was 75.00%, and the specificity was 85.00%. The AUC of PhA in the screening of sarcopenia (common type) was 0.808, the sensitivity was 82.35%, the specificity was 73.33%, the cut-off value was 4.4. The AUC of the combined PhA and MNA-SF for sarcopenia (common type) was 0.835, the sensitivity was 76.47% and the specificity was 81.67%. The AUC of PhA and for the screening of severe sarcopenia was 0.935, the sensitivity was 93.33%, the specificity was 92.50%, and the cut-off value was 4.1. The AUC of the combined PhA and MNA-SF was 0.943, the sensitivity was 86.67%, and the specificity was 93.33%.
The screening ability of PhA alone or in combination was higher than that of MNA-SF in the screening of possible sarcopenia. The screening ability of the combined detection was higher than that of PhA alone in the screening of pre-sarcopenia. The combination of PhA and MNA-SF or PhA alone all performed better value in the screening of sarcopenia (common type). Compared to MNA-SF, the PhA performed better in the screening of severe sarcopenia, which provided references for identifying patients with different stages of sarcopenia in the community.
The aim of this study was adopts meta-analysis in evaluating the correlation between TSH and BMD, as well as osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women with normal thyroid function.
Six databases were ...searched for articles concerning correlation between TSH and BMD in postmenopausal women. The retrieval time was set from the date of database establishment to November 30, 2020. Revman5.3 and Stata12.0 software were used for meta-analysis.
A total of 19 articles were incorporated. The Summary Fisher' Z of the correlation between TSH and BMD was 0.16, 95% CI (0.00, 0.32), and the correlation coefficient of Summary Fisher' Z conversion was 0.158. Study on the relationship between TSH and osteoporosis based on OR demonstrated that the combined OR was 1.76, 95% CI (1.27, 2.45), P < 0.05. The subgroup analyzing results displayed that the risk of osteoporosis of the subjects from community with low TSH was 1.89, 95% CI (1.43, 2.49). The risk of osteoporosis for subjects with low TSH and from hospitals was 1.36, 95% CI (0.46, 3.99); 1.84 for subjects with low TSH and anti-osteoporosis drugs, 95% CI (1.05, 3.22); and 1.74 for those with low TSH but not taking anti-osteoporosis drugs, 95% CI (1.08, 2.82). The dose-response relationship showed that the risk of osteoporosis tended to decrease when TSH was more than 2.5mIu/L.
The serum TSH is positively related with BMD in postmenopausal women, and high TSH (> 2.5 mIu/L) within the normal range is possibly helpful to decrease the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a newly discovered swine pestivirus, which can cause congenital tremor and high mortality in newborn piglets and subclinical infection in adult pigs, leading to ...significant impacts on the pig industry. Currently, there is no approved serological method to assess APPV infection status in pig farms.
In this study, the envelope glycoprotein E2 of APPV was highly expressed in suspension HEK293 cells, and further an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the recombinant E2 protein (E2-iELISA) was developed and evaluated.
The reaction parameters of the E2-iELISA were optimized, and the cutoff value was determined to be 0.2 by analyzing S/P values of 165 negative sera against APPV that were confirmed by virus neutralization test (VNT). Specificity test showed that the method had no cross-reaction with other common swine viruses. The E2-iELISA was evaluated using a panel of swine sera, and showed high sensitivity (113/120, 94.2%) and specificity (65/70, 92.9%), and the agreement rate with VNT was 93.7% (178/190). Subsequently, the E2-iELISA was utilized to investigate the seroprevalence of APPV in pig herds of China. When detecting 1368 pig serum samples collected from nine provinces in China, the overall seroprevalence of APPV was 73.9% (1011/1368).
Our findings suggest that the E2-iELISA is specific and sensitive, and could be a valuable tool for serological surveillance of APPV infection in pigs.
•Lemons harvested in November has the best commercial quality in Chongqing.•Antioxidant capacity of lemons’ pulps and peels was highest in April fruits.•Soluble solid content of the pulps of lemon ...were negatively correlated with their total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity.
Lemon fruits are well-known for their economic, nutrition and health values. In this study, the maturity degree, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Eureka lemon Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. fruits harvested at different months of the year were investigated. We found that the fruits harvested in November outperformed others in terms of weight, total sugar and soluble solid content (SSC). The ρ-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, eriocitrin and hesperidin were the predominant phenolic compounds in lemon fruits. The highest total phenolic content (TPC, 3.49 ± 0.05 mg GAE g−1 FW), total flavonoid content (TFC, 1.46 ± 0.05 mg RE g−1 FW), sum of individual phenolic acids content (269.36 μg g−1 FW) and their antioxidant potency composite (APC) index (100.00%) were found in the pulps of April fruits. The maximum of sum of individual flavonoids content (3098.42 μg g−1 FW) exhibited in August. For the peels, the highest TFC (6.35 ± 0.24 mg RE g−1 FW) and APC (95.14%) appeared in April fruits, while the highest TPC (7.96 ± 0.17 mg GAE g−1 FW) and sum of individual flavonoids content (9003.91 μg g−1 FW) occurred in the August. However, the maximum of sum of individual phenolic acids content (769.28 μg g−1 FW) was detected in June fruits. We also found that soluble solid content (SSC) of the pulps of lemon fruits were negatively correlated with their TPC and APC. TPC also decreased with the increase in SSC of peels. Most importantly, our study indicated that the contents of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of lemon fruits varied significantly with their maturity degrees depending on different harvest time, and this information is essential for a better use of different lemons fruits resources.
In vehicle ad hoc networks (VANETs), if a legal vehicle node becomes malicious, then it is more likely to tamper with transferred data or provide false data easily. Because the malicious node is a ...valid internal user in VANETs, its behavior is difficult to be detected only through some cryptographic methods. Then the behavior may cause many serious traffic accidents. Based on the available (unencrypted) data only, how to detect out the internal malicious vehicle nodes by some lightweight methods needs to be researched in VANETs. Additionally, fog computing seamlessly integrates heterogeneous computing resources widely distributed in edge networks and then provides stronger computing services for users. Therefore, in this article, we propose a malicious node detection scheme in fog computing-based VANETs, where the fog server uses the reputation calculation to score each suspicious node based on the correlation of acquired data and network topology. In our proposed scheme, we build a reputation mechanism to score each suspicious node according to the correlation between outlier detection of acquired data and influence of nodes. Based on our proposed experiments, our proposed scheme can efficiently and effectively detect out malicious vehicle nodes so that fog server can acquire more true data.
Shikonin (Shik), a natural pigment, has received growing interest in various biomedical fields due to its anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimicrobial, and antioxidant ability. However, some inherent ...characteristics of Shik, such as its virulence, low bioavailability, and poor solubility, have limited its biomedical applicability. Here, we reported a facile synthetic method to produce the Shik-iron (III) nanoparticles (Shik-Fe NPs), which could overcome these limitations of Shik. The synthesized Shik-Fe NPs possessed a uniform size range of 110 ± 10 nm, negative surface charges, good water dispersity, and high safety. Iron distributed uniformly inside Shik-Fe NPs, and iron constituted 20% of total mass in PEGylated Shik-Fe NPs. When interacting with activated macrophages, Shik-Fe NPs significantly reduced the level of cellular inflammatory factors, for example, iNOS, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Furthermore, the Shik-Fe NPs demonstrated synergistic anti-inflammation and anti-bacterial properties in vivo, since they could release Fe
and Shik to eradicate bacteria (
and
were used as model microbes here) during wound infections and provide full recovery for scald wounds. Collectively, the study established a dual-functional Shik-derived nanoplatform, which could be useful for the treatment of various inflammation-involved diseases.
This study discovers three critical characteristics of PPP-B2b augmentation messages, potentially improving positioning continuity and accuracy for time-critical applications. Three new message ...characteristics are obtained by analyzing 863,895 PPP-B2b augmentation messages collected in June 2022 following a three-step analysis procedure. First, augmentation messages are broadcasted in the order of Message Type 1 (satellite mask), Type 4 (clock correction), Type 3 (DCB correction) and Type 2 (orbit correction) within each 48-s cycle. Average latencies of 5.11
s
, 7.13
s
, 18.15
s
and 25.57
s
are detected for these four message types, respectively. Second, two IOD mismatching issues have been identified, resulting in failing precise orbit and clock offset recovery. The first mismatching occurs between Message Type 4 and broadcast ephemerides, accounting for 0.01% out of 178,726 orbit corrections. The second mismatch between Message Type 4 and 2 accounts for 0.81% out of 1,421,519 clock corrections. Third, the service availability of PPP-B2b augmentation messages for BDS-3 and GPS satellites are within latitude (45.17° S, 57.33° N) and longitude (16.06° W, 98.64° W).
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