This paper presents a novel approach for optimizing the contour path of fused deposition 3D printing slices to mitigate the limitations of inefficiency and time consumption associated with the ...process. The proposed algorithm leverages the Hopfield Neural Network (HNN) and an improved whale optimization algorithm to plan the printing order of each contour and optimize the network parameters, respectively. In particular, the algorithm transforms the running trajectory planning problem of the assembled tool head into a travel problem, which allows for a more efficient path planning approach. The HNN is then employed to determine the optimal path for each contour, with the network optimization process utilizing a nonlinear weight update method to overcome the drawbacks of the traditional HNN that is prone to generating invalid paths and falling into local optimality during operation. The network optimization process is designed to automatically adjust the link weights between neurons within a specific range, thereby ensuring that the network reaches the desired energy minima and outputs the optimal path for 3D printed slice contours. The proposed algorithm was tested in part printing experiments, and the results demonstrated a significant reduction in single-layer contour path lengths, printing times, and an enhancement in dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the printed parts compared to the traditional parallel scanning method. The proposed algorithm represents a significant contribution to the field of 3D printing, as it provides an efficient and effective approach for optimizing the contour path of fused deposition 3D printing slices. The findings of this study hold significant implications for improving the efficiency and quality of 3D printing and could potentially lead to further advancements in the field.
Key message
We genome-wide identified 28 JmjC domain-containing genes, further spatio-temporal expression profiling and genetic analysis defined them as epigenetic regulators in flowering initiation ...of
Rosa chinensis
.
The JmjC domain-containing histone demethylases play critical roles in maintaining homeostasis of histone methylations, thus are vital for plant growth and development. Genome-wide identification of the JmjC domain-containing genes have been reported in several species, however, no systematic study has been performed in rose plants. In this paper, we identified 28 JmjC domain-containing genes from the newly published genome database of
Rosa chinensis
. The JmjC domain-containing proteins in
R. chinensis
were divided into seven groups, KDM3 was the largest group with 13 members, and JmjC domain-only A and KDM5B were the smallest clades both with only one member. Although all the JmjC domain proteins having a conserved JmjC domain, the gene and protein structure experienced differentiation and specification during the evolution, especially in KDM3 clade, one gene (
RcJMJ40
) was found carrying site deletions for cofactors Fe (II) and α-KG binding which were crucial for demethylase activities, three genes (
RcJMJ41
,
RcJMJ43
and
RcJMJ44
) had no intron while two of them had tandem JmjC domains. Spatial expression pattern analysis of these JmjC domain-containing genes in different tissues showed most of them were highly expressed in reproductive tissues such as floral meristem and closed flowers than vegetative tissues, demonstrating their important functions in developmental switch from vegetative to reproductive growth of roses. Temporal expression profiling indicated majority of JmjC domain-containing genes from
R. chinensis
fluctuated along with floral bud differentiation and development, further proving their essential roles in flower organogenesis. VIGS induced silencing of
RcJMJ12
led to delayed flowering time, and decreased the expression levels of flowering integrator such as
RcFT
,
RcSOC1
,
RcFUL
,
RcLFY
and
RcAP1
, therefore providing the genetic evidence of
RcJMJ12
in flowering initiation. Collectively, spatio-temporal expression profiling and genetic analysis defined the JmjC domain-containing genes as important epigenetic regulators in flower development of
R. chinensis
.
The precise control of a complex hydraulic drive system, which is mostly dependent on the speed control of the system working shaft, contributes to an improvement in product quality. In this paper, a ...novel working shaft speed control method for complex hydraulic drive system is proposed. First, a mathematical model of the operation of the working shaft and related components is established, and the fuzzy PID controller is designed to regulate the working shaft speed of the complex hydraulic drive system based on fuzzy rules. A whale optimization algorithm improved by intuitionistic fuzzy entropy is proposed to optimize the parameters of fuzzy PID controller in light of the possibility that the selection of parameters of fuzzy PID controller will have an impact on the final control effect. By applying an improved fuzzy PID controller to fit working shaft speed of three complex hydraulic drive system, the control performance of the controller is evaluated. The experimental results demonstrate that the tracking accuracy and immediate efficiency of the proposed method for working shaft speed control of the complex hydraulic drive systems are significantly better than those of the fuzzy PID controller and the fuzzy PID controller optimized with the unimproved whale optimization algorithm, proving the proposed method has strong engineering practical application capacity and can more effectively fulfill the working shaft speed control needs of the complex hydraulic drive system.
Five novel three-dimensional lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (Ln–MOFs) constructed by 4-(3′,5′-dicarboxylphenoxy) phthalic acid (H4dcppa), namely, {Eu(Hdcppa)(H2O)2·H2O} n (Eu-1), Eu1.5(dcppa) ...(HCOO)0.5(H2O)2 n (Eu-2), {Ln2K2(dcppa)2(H2O)6·mH2O} n (Ln = Eu-3, Tb-4, Gd-5, m = 5 for Eu-3 and Tb-4; m = 4 for Gd-5) (HCOOH = formic acid) have been prepared by hydro(solvo)thermal method and fully characterized. Structural analyses indicated that H4dcppa ligand took four different coordination fashions in 1–5 and, thus, resulted in diversity of the targeted Ln–MOFs: Eu-1 displays the rare 3D (5,5)-connected vbk net, containing one-dimensional left- and right-handed helical chains; Eu-2 possesses a 3D (3,8)-connected tfz-d topology constructed by trinuclear paddlewheel Eu3(CO2)6 SBUs; 3–5 are isostructural and show 3D (Ln-dcppa4–) + 2D (K-dcppa4–) → 3D (LnK-dcppa4–) structure. Eu-3, with regular 1D channels and open Lewis basic oxygen atoms on the pore surface was utilized for specific sensing and binding of metal ions through Lewis base interactions, shows high selectivity, fast response time (8 min), and high sensitivity (K SV = 4.3/5.2 × 104 L/mol) for Fe3+ and Cu2+ ions with luminescent quenching. Furthermore, the detection limit of the sensor is in the 10–6 M level. The triplet state (T1 = 23364 cm–1) of H4dcppa studied by the Gd(III)–MOF and Gd-5 demonstrates that the ligand ideally populates Eu(III)/Tb(III) emission with luminescent quantum yields (Φoverall) of 11.2% for Eu-1, 27.6% for Eu-2, 18.5% for Eu-3, and 62% for Tb-4, respectively.
Self-survival innovation teams composed of college students are considered incubators for future entrepreneurs. Stability is the prerequisite for team survival, while sustainable development is the ...necessary condition for their continuous progress. The development of members and the team are interrelated. In the continuous development of the team, the members, who contribute to the development of the team, change iteratively, while the team provides opportunities and platforms for the development of the members. However, at present, there are few researches on the sustainable development of the team and the data analysis on the correlation between the member development and the team construction. Therefore, in order to make a systematic analysis on the sustainable development ability of the team, this paper adopts questionnaires to obtain relevant information about college students and their innovation team. SPSS software (25.0) is used to make statistical analysis on the current development of college students’ individual ability and innovation team. Based on this, the paper puts forward analysis strategies for the personal development of college students and the construction of self-survival innovation team.
The present study aimed to determine whether the polymorphisms at rs2241766 and rs1501299 on the ADIPOQ gene were related to the susceptibility of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Eight databases, ...PubMed, GWAS, Embase, Lochrane, Ebsco, CNKI (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), VIP (Viper Database) and ChinaInfo were searched, and a meta-analysis of susceptibility was conducted between SNP45, SNP276 polymorphisms and T2DM. Furthermore, HWE test was conducted to assess the genetic balance of the study, evaluate the quality of Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS), and establishing allelic, dominant, recessive, heterozygous, and homozygous gene models.
This meta-analysis included 53 articles, encompassing 9285 cases with rs2241766 and 14156 controls and 7747 cases with rs1501299 and 10607 controls. For the rs2241766 locus, a significant correlation was found in the three models by the subgroup analysis. Western Asians: dominant gene model (TT + TG vs. GG, P = 0.01); heterozygous gene model (TG vs. GG, P = 0.02); homozygous gene model (TT vs. GG, P = 0.01). South Asians: dominant gene model (TT + TG vs. GG, P = 0.004); heterozygous gene model (TG vs. GG, P = 0.009); homozygous gene model (TT vs. GG, P = 0.005). However, no statistically significant correlation was established among the five genetic models for rs1501299 locus.
The findings of the present study indicated that the T allele of rs2241766 polymorphism is the susceptibility locus of T2DM in the West Asian population, but has a protective effect in the South Asian population, albeit further studies are needed in other populations. Also, no association was found between the ADIPOQ rs1501299 polymorphism and T2DM.
Controllable manipulation of micro/nano-particles and biological organisms are essential for the engineering development of miniaturized lab-on-a-chip systems in the application of physical, ...chemical, and biological researches. In this paper, a series of phononic crystal structure based acoustofluidic devices, which are actuated by incident plane wave at different frequencies, have been proposed and numerically investigated for micro-particle manipulation. The interaction between different phononic crystal structures and ultrasonic waves, providing reflection, scattering and diffraction, can generate diverse spatial variations of sound field distribution along the wave propagation path. The combination of phononic crystal structures and lab-on-a-chip devices is beneficial to overcome the monotonousness of the acoustofluidic field distribution for various physical and biochemical applications. The movement trajectories of micro-particles under the influence of acoustic radiation forces and acoustic streaming induced drag forces are also simulated to demonstrate the particle manipulation capability of the designed acoustofluidic device. Our simulation results suggest the possibility of considering phononic crystal structures as an effective ingredient to customize acoustofluidic field for constituting diverse lab-on-a-chip devices in the investigation of rapid microfluidic mixing and non-invasive manipulation of bio-organisms.
Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were immobilized by calcium alginate. The immobilization conditions and ammonia oxidation ability of the immobilized bacteria were investigated. The following ...immobilization conditions were found to be optimal: sodium alginate, 4.5%; calcium chloride, 2.0%; 2000 immobilized balls per 1000 immobilized medium; pH, 10; 110r/min and temperature, 30°C. The immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria exhibited strong ammonia oxidation ability even after recycling for six times. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria reached 89.51% under the optimal immobilization conditions. When compared with non-immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, those immobilized by sodium alginate were superior with respect to preservation, recycle and ammonia oxidation ability.
MIKCC-type MADS-box (MIKCC) genes encode transcription factors that have crucial roles in controlling floral organogenesis and flowering time in plants. Although this gene family has been well ...characterized in many plant species, its evolutionary and comprehensive functional analysis in rose is lacking. In this study, 58 non-redundant MIKCC uni-transcripts were extensively identified from rose transcriptomes. Phylogenetic analysis placed these genes into 12 clades with their Arabidopsis and strawberry counterparts, and revealed that ABCDE model (including AP1/FUL, AP3/PI, AG, and SEP clades), and SOC1 and AGL6 clade genes have remarkably expanded in Rosa chinensis, whereas genes from the FLC and AGL17 clades were undetectable. Sequence alignments suggest that the AP3/PI clade may contribute to more specific functions in rose due to a high variation of amino acid residues within its MADS-box domains. A comparative analysis of gene expression in specific floral organ differentiation stages and floral organs between R. chinensis cv. Old Blush and the closely related mutant genotype R. chinensis cv. Viridiflora (floral organs mutated into leaf-like structures) further revealed the roles of ABCDE model genes during floral organogenesis in rose. Analysis of co-expression networks provided an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of rose MIKCC genes and shed light on both the prominent roles of AP3/PI clade genes in floral organogenesis and the roles of RcAGL19, RcAGL24, and RcSOC1 in regulating floral transition in rose. Our analyses provide an overall insight of MIKCC genes in rose and their potential roles in floral organogenesis.
3‐Hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) is an important platform chemical with a wide range of applications. The biological preparation of this compound is safe and low cost. In this study, orchard soil and ...human waste were used as raw materials to screen microbial strains that could produce 3HP in selective medium containing varying amounts of propionic acid. A yeast strain that can use propionic acid as substrate and produce 48.96 g/L 3HP was screened. Morphological observation, physiological and biochemical identification, and 26s rDNA sequencing identified the IS451 strain as Debaryomyces hansenii. The low‐energy ion N+, with the energy of 10 keV and a dose of 70 × 2.6 × 1013 ions/cm2, was implanted into the IS451 strain. The mutant strain WT39, whose 3HP titer reached 62.42 g/L, was obtained. The strain exhibited genetic stability and tolerance to high concentrations of propionic acid and was considered to have broad application prospects.
The yeast Debaryomyces hansenii strain IS451 that can use propionic acid as substrate and produce 48.96 g/L of 3‐hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) was screened. The low‐energy ion N+ was implanted into the IS451 strain. The mutant strain WT39 whose 3HP titer reached 62.42 g/L was obtained. The strain exhibited tolerance to high concentrations of propionic acid and was considered to have broad application prospects.
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