Innovation management is a subdiscipline of management that studies the rules that govern the generation, diffusion, adoption of innovation, and relationships between innovation inputs and outputs. A ...great number of innovative products and services depend on software. In the software industry, many small entities act as subcontractors that develop components that are later integrated into larger industrial systems. However, these small entities do not have the resources needed to support long‐term R&D activities and they also lack innovation management models which makes the planning and execution of innovation management difficult. These same small enterprises face similar challenges in the software development process. However, the ISO/IEC 29110 standard provides small enterprises with a clear path in implementing a systematic software development process. The planning and execution of innovation management activities may also benefit from a similar approach. This article describes an innovation activity model suited to the characteristics of small entities whose main stream of revenue is software development. Using the existing literature, standards, and the practical experience of companies with a successful history of developing innovative software‐based products, this study identifies the activities and practices that lead to the development of innovative products. Interfaces between innovation management activities, software development processes, and work products are also identified.
CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales) acts, since its creation in 1961, as the French Space Agency and is a key leader in space research, and scientific and technical developments. Its ...involvement in a broad range of programs has positioned CNES as one of the most relevant national research agencies, leading efforts and initiatives in both European and international contexts. This article provides a review and analysis of the scientific and technical production of CNES, using as input the papers written by CNES staff referenced in the Scopus database. The period under study dates to 1964 and includes more than 10.000 documents. The study analyses measurable characteristics of CNES documents’ production: productivity, collaboration, and impact through citations. This paper provides a contribution aimed to gain a better understanding and characterisation of the scientific activity completed by Space agencies.
Radar altimetry is a high-precision, remote-sensing technique relevant for different areas of Earth observation like sea, land, and ice surface topography; sea level and floor; or wave heights. This ...paper provides an analysis of the scientific and technical literature on Radar Altimetry. Bibliometric indicators -useful to get an understanding of the literature in this area- are calculated using as a basis the content available in the Scopus database. The indicators discussed include the visibility of researchers and research entities, collaboration patterns, the analysis of topics covered in literature, and impact of radar altimetry literature on other studies. Bibliometric analysis are useful tools to collect, analyse, and get a better understanding of the progress in specific areas of science and technology, and to assess the outcomes of research efforts and investments.
CryoSat is the first Earth observation mission launched by ESA with the purpose of observing the Earth’s polar ice masses. Six years after the launching of the CryoSat-2 satellite, its outcomes have ...surpassed the objectives initially planned, and the mission has provided additional insights on aspects like sea level measurement. This paper makes an analysis of the visibility of the CryoSat mission in the scientific and technical literature. The analysis covers two aspects: (a) the quantitative description of the literature generated as a result of the mission’s engineering and exploitation, and (b) the influence of this literature on the generation of additional scientific and technical knowledge. Although the generation of explicit, formal knowledge disseminated through journals, conferences and repositories is just one of the multiple benefits of space missions, the quantification of these outputs is relevant to assess the visibility of the mission in the scientific literature.
Los días 1 y 2 de marzo de 2016 se celebra en Madrid la reunión OCLC EMEARC 2016, que reúne a los miembros del Consejo Regional de Europa, Oriente Medio y África de OCLC. En este evento, al que ...también pueden asistir bibliotecarios y profesionales de la información que no son miembros de OCLC, se discutirán cuestiones fundamentales para la práctica bibliotecaria, como las sugerencias de los nuevos usuarios y las posibilidades que brindan las tecnologías de la información para optimizar procesos y ofrecer servicios con mayor eficacia.
Patents provide valuable information to identify flows in the transfer of technical knowledge and assess the innovation capabilities of the actors involved in different industries. Patent citations ...are also recognized as a valid tool to measure the impact of innovations and to identify key influencers in diverse activity sectors.
This study analyzes a collection of U.S. patents granted in the period between 1990 and 2012 for the subject “automatic document clustering and classification”, a key technology within the Information Retrieval and Text Mining disciplines. The purpose of this research is to identify – using citation analysis – the most productive and influential companies and journals, and the patterns followed in the transfer and sharing of technical knowledge. The paper identifies the most productive organizations (those that have been granted a higher number of patents) and those with a higher impact (organizations whose patents have received a major number of citations), and compares the generated rankings with those obtained using traditional bibliometric indicators. The conclusions provide an overview of the innovation landscape in the area of study, and suggest to which extent bibliometric indicators match the conclusions obtained after analyzing productivity and impact using patent citation.
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•Bibliometric analysis of patents about text classification and clustering.•It identifies those companies with higher productivity and impact.•It shows the evolution of the market key players based on patent citation.•Bibliometric indicators are used to characterize companies.•The proposed methodology can be applied to any other subject area.
As part of the evolution of the Space market in the last years – globally referred to as Space 2.0 - small companies are playing an increasingly relevant role in different aerospace projects. ...Business incubators established by European Space Agency (ESA) and similar entities are evidence of the need of moving initiatives to small companies characterized by greater flexibility to develop specific activities. Software is a key component in most aerospace projects, and the success of the initiatives and projects usually depends on the capability of developing reliable software following well-defined standards. But small entities face some difficulties when adopting software development standards that have been conceived thinking on larger organizations and big programs. The need of defining software development standards tailored to small companies and groups is a permanent subject of discussion not only in the aerospace field, and has led in recent years to the publication of the ISO/IEC 29110 series of systems and software engineering standards and guides, aimed to solve the issues that Very Small Entities (VSEs) () – settings having up to twenty-five people -, found with other standards like CMMI® or SPICE.
This paper discusses the tailoring defined by different aerospace organizations for VSEs in the aerospace industry, and presents a conceptual arrangement of the standard based on meta-modeling languages that allow the extension and full customization with the incorporation of specific software engineering requirements and practices from ECSS (European Cooperation for Space Standardization).
The Historical Archive of Civil Engineering aims to create a repository of digitized archival materials related to the work of relevant Spanish civil engineers. One of the challenges is the need to ...identify the most appropriate metadata schemas for the description of different materials. Descriptive standards besides EAD must be applied to provide end-users with descriptions of the engineering works, bibliographic items, manuscripts, etc., and to contextualize them in view of the activities and life events of the record creators. EAC-CPF can thus provide the context necessary to browse and understand the descriptions of engineering records, documents, and works.
Las soluciones técnicas para gestionar contenidos han alcanzado un alto nivel de madurez. Bajo la denominación ECM (enterprise content management) se han agrupado varias aproximaciones técnicas para ...la gestión integral de la información no estructurada. La aceptación de la gestión de contenidos (GC) en distintos contextos es indicador del valor que estas prácticas aportan a las organizaciones. Pero cabe el riesgo de interpretar esta madurez como sinónimo de desgaste: se debe considerar si todavía hay oportunidades de mejora y nichos de actividad en los que centrar esfuerzos, o si por el contrario queda poco espacio para la innovación. El autor sostiene que una vez se han sentado las bases para el despliegue de este tipo de soluciones y la gestión de contenidos se ha convertido en un término familiar para los usuarios de las tecnologías de la información (TI), existe aún un gran número de oportunidades relacionadas con: a) el análisis del consumo de datos y la experiencia de los usuarios, incluyendo temas complejos como la minería de opiniones, y b) el diseño de soluciones GC que combinen las buenas prácticas de las TI y del área de la gestión de información.
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