Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) assesses the random motion of the water protons. The technique is more frequently used in body imaging, and recent investigations showed its use in pancreatic ...imaging. Diffusion-weighted imaging can be helpful as a complementary imaging method in the differentiation between mass-forming focal pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values derived from DWI can distinguish between simple pancreatic cyst, inflammatory cysts, and cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. Presence of parenchymal fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis causes diffusion restriction and results in lower ADC values on baseline DWI. The ADC values reveal either delayed peak after secretin stimulation or lower peak values in patients with early chronic pancreatitis, which may be helpful to depict chronic pancreatitis in its earliest stage. In this paper, we reviewed the technical aspects of DWI and its use in pancreatic imaging.
Liver schwannoma: findings on MRI Momtahen, Amir Javad; Akduman, Ece Isin; Balci, Numan Cem ...
Magnetic resonance imaging,
12/2008, Letnik:
26, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging features of benign liver schwannoma in a 52-year-old woman are described. An oval shaped, 4.4×3.6×2.9-cm lesion was located in Segment 7 of the right hepatic lobe. ...The lesion was hypointense on T1 -weighted images and mixed hypo- and hyperintense on T2 -weighted images. On serial contrast-enhanced images, the lesion revealed gradually increasing centrilobular enhancement. The tumor was surgically removed thereafter.
Pancreatitis can occur in acute and chronic forms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the early diagnosis of both conditions and complications that may arise from acute or ...chronic inflammation of the gland. Standard MRI techniques including T1-weighted and T2-weighted fat-suppressed imaging sequences together with contrast-enhanced imaging can both aid in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and demonstrate complications as pseudocysts, hemorrhage, and necrosis. Combined use of MRI and MR cholangiopancreatography can show both parenchymal findings that are associated with chronic pancreatitis including pancreatic size and signal and arterial enhancements, all of which are diminished in chronic pancreatitis. The degree of main pancreatic duct dilatation and/or the number of side branch ectasia determines the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and its severity. In this paper, we report the spectrum of imaging findings of acute and chronic pancreatitis on MRI and MR cholangiopancreatography.
The purpose of this article is to review the spectrum of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of fat containing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including serial ...contrast-enhanced imaging.
Imaging findings of 10 fat-containing HCCs on CT (n = 2) or MRI (n = 3) or on both CT and MRI (n = 5) were retrospectively reviewed in 9 patients. Both techniques included serial contrast enhanced imaging in arterial, portal venous, and late venous phases.
On non-contrast CT, fat containing HCC was either homogeneously hypodense (n = 6) or of mixed density (n = 1). The density values ranged between -11 and 9 HU. On MRI, homogenous (n = 4) or heterogeneous (n = 4) signal loss was observed on T1-weighted out-of-phase images as compared to in-phase images. Enhancement patterns on serial contrast-enhanced CT and MRI included: arterial enhancement indistinguishable from the liver with venous wash out (n = 2), arterial capillary blush with venous phase fading (n = 2), and heterogeneous arterial enhancement with unenhanced foci and venous phase wash out of enhancements. Larger lesions had late capsular enhancement.
Fat containing HCC has spectrum of imaging findings on CT and MRI. MRI with chemical shift technique depicts the fat content. Arterial contrast enhancement with venous washout or fading may help for the diagnosis of HCC in inconclusive cases.
Abstract Peripancreatic fluid collections are among the common post pancreas transplant complications, which are mainly due to leakage from the anastomosis site to bowel and graft pancreatitis. ...Differentiation between these two entities is important because they are treated differently. In this case, secretin stimulated magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed gradual intraperitoneal fluid collection and accumulation of fluid in small bowel excluded leakage from the anastomosis of the pancreas to bowel and changed the management from surgery to medical treatment.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the evaluation of pancreas transplantation. Standard MRI, magnetic resonance angiography, and MR cholangiopancreatography can demonstrate ...the changes of the anatomy after transplantation. Vascular complications are assessed by MR angiography. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography reveals ductal changes resulting from acute and/or chronic rejection and determines leaks with the use of a secretin-stimulated MR cholangiopancreatography. Serial contrast-enhanced MRI may detect the diminished perfusion that is related to the graft rejection or vascular complications. In this paper, we reviewed types of pancreas transplantation procedures, complications that arise in a short and/or a long term after the transplantation, and their assessment by MRI.
The anti-cancer activity of some lactic acid bacterial strains is well documented in several kinds of literatures. Lactobacillus strains have received considerable attention as a beneficial ...microbiota. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of anti-tumor activities of L. acidophilus ATCC4356 culture supernatants on the MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.
The anti-cancer effects of 24h and 48h culture supernatants at various concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/ml) were determined by various in vitro and in vivo assays including MTT, tumor volume measurement as well as
Tc-MIBI biodistribution in MCF-7 tumor bearing nude mice and histopathology test. For evaluation of the related mechanism of action, quantitative PCR was conducted.
The 48h culture supernatants at 10 and 20 μg/ml exhibited significant in vitro inhibition of MCF-7 cell proliferation. However, this inhibition was not observed for HUVEC human endothelial normal cells. Q-PCR indicated that treatment by the supernatant led to a significant downregulation of VEGFR (~ 0.009 fold) and Bcl- 2 (~ 0.5 fold) and upregulation of p53 (~ 1.3 fold). In vivo study using MCF-7 xenograft mouse models demonstrated a reduction in tumor weight and volume by both 24h and 48h supernatants (2 mg/kg) after 15 days. According to the
Tc-MIBI biodistribution result, treatment of MCF-7 bearing nude mice with both 24h and 48h supernatant (2mg/kg) led to a significant decrease in tumor uptake compared with the control group.
These results suggest that the culture supernatants of L. acidophilus ATCC4356 at suitable concentrations can be considered as a good alternative nutraceutical with promising therapeutic indexes for breast cancer.
Background and aims. Head and neck tumors are the most common complaints of people referring to different medical sections, especially in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ...prevalence of these tumors in children less than 12 years of age to provide a better perspective for future studies. Materials and methods. All the files in Department of Pathology at Tabriz Pediatric Hospital from 2001 to 2011 were screened for head and neck tumors in children under 12 years of age. Data including age and gender as well as the type, the location, and benign/malignant characteristic of the tumor were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS 15 statistical software, using descriptive statistics and chi-square test. Results. A total of 160 cases were identified. Most of the tumors were benign (68%) and most of the tumors occurred in the neck region (41%). The most frequent benign and malignant tumors were lymphangioma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, respectively. The majority of benign tumors were found in children younger than 2 years old (P=0.007), but there was no age predilection for malignant tumors. Conclusion. According to our results, benign tumors were more prevalent than malignant ones. Although a low rate of benign tumors in males shows that more attention should be paid to the early diagnosis of head and neck tumors.
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