This paper examines how digital technologies facilitate business model innovations in the creative industries. Through a systematic literature review, a holistic business model framework is ...developed, which is then used to analyse the empirical evidence from the creative industries. The research found that digital technologies have facilitated pervasive changes in business models, and some significant trends have emerged. However, the reconfigured business models are often not ‘new’ in the unprecedented sense. Business model innovations are primarily reflected in using digital technologies to enable the deployment of a wider range of business models than previously available to a firm. A significant emerging trend is the increasing adoption of multiple business models as a portfolio within one firm. This is happening in firms of all sizes, when one firm uses multiple business models to serve different markets segments, sell different products, or engage with multi-sided markets, or to use different business models over time. The holistic business model framework is refined and extended through a recursive learning process, which can serve both as a cognitive instrument for understanding business models and a planning tool for business model innovations. The paper contributes to our understanding of the theory of business models and how digital technologies facilitate business model innovations in the creative industries. Three new themes for future research are highlighted.
•This research develops a holistic business model framework from a systematic literature review.•Identifies emerging trends in the digital transformation of business models in the creative industries.•A significant trend is the increasing adoption of multiple business models as a portfolio within one firm.•Four variants of the portfolio models are identified and illustrated.•The holistic business model framework can serve both as a cognitive instrument and a planning tool.
This paper examines the relation between annual report readability and firm performance and earnings persistence. I measure the readability of public company annual reports using the Fog index from ...the computational linguistics literature and the length of the document. I find that: (1) the annual reports of firms with lower earnings are harder to read (i.e., they have a higher Fog index and are longer); and (2) firms with annual reports that are easier to read have more persistent positive earnings.
The faithful storage and coherent manipulation of quantum states with matter-systems would enable the realization of large-scale quantum networks based on quantum repeaters. To achieve useful ...communication rates, highly multimode quantum memories are required to construct a multiplexed quantum repeater. Here, we present a demonstration of on-demand storage of orbital-angular-momentum states with weak coherent pulses at the single-photon-level in a rare-earth-ion-doped crystal. Through the combination of this spatial degree-of-freedom (DOF) with temporal and spectral degrees of freedom, we create a multiple-DOF memory with high multimode capacity. This device can serve as a quantum mode converter with high fidelity, which is a fundamental requirement for the construction of a multiplexed quantum repeater. This device further enables essentially arbitrary spectral and temporal manipulations of spatial-qutrit-encoded photonic pulses in real time. Therefore, the developed quantum memory can serve as a building block for scalable photonic quantum information processing architectures.
In recent years, golden‐angle radial sampling has received substantial attention and interest in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) community, and it has become a popular sampling trajectory for ...both research and clinical use. However, although the number of relevant techniques and publications has grown rapidly, there is still a lack of a review paper that provides a comprehensive overview and summary of the basics of golden‐angle rotation, the advantages and challenges/limitations of golden‐angle radial sampling, and recommendations in using different types of golden‐angle radial trajectories for MRI applications. Such a review paper is expected to be helpful both for clinicians who are interested in learning the potential benefits of golden‐angle radial sampling and for MRI physicists who are interested in exploring this research direction. The main purpose of this review paper is thus to present an overview and summary about golden‐angle radial MRI sampling. The review consists of three sections. The first section aims to answer basic questions such as: what is a golden angle; how is the golden angle calculated; why is golden‐angle radial sampling useful, and what are its limitations. The second section aims to review more advanced trajectories of golden‐angle radial sampling, including tiny golden‐angle rotation, stack‐of‐stars golden‐angle radial sampling, and three‐dimensional (3D) kooshball golden‐angle radial sampling. Their respective advantages and limitations and potential solutions to address these limitations are also discussed. Finally, the third section reviews MRI applications that can benefit from golden‐angle radial sampling and provides recommendations to readers who are interested in implementing golden‐angle radial trajectories in their MRI studies.
Evidence Level
5
Technical Efficacy
Stage 1
Background and Purpose
The anthelmintic drug nitazoxanide has a mitochondrial uncoupling effect. Mitochondrial uncouplers have been proven to inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, ...inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation of macrophages and improve dyslipidaemia. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate that nitazoxanide would protect against atherosclerosis.
Experimental Approach
The mitochondrial oxygen consumption of cells was measured by using the high‐resolution respirometry system, Oxygraph‐2K. The proliferation and migration of A10 cells were measured by using Edu immunofluorescence staining, wound‐induced migration and the Boyden chamber assay. Protein levels were measured by using the western blot technique. ApoE (−/−) mice were fed with a Western diet to establish an atherosclerotic model in vivo.
Key Results
The in vitro experiments showed that nitazoxanide and tizoxanide had a mitochondrial uncoupling effect and activated cellular AMPK. Nitazoxanide and tizoxanide inhibited serum‐ and PDGF‐induced proliferation and migration of A10 cells. Nitazoxanide and tizoxanide inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in RAW264.7 macrophages, the mechanism by which involved the AMPK/IκBα/NF‐κB pathway. Nitazoxanide and tizoxanide also induced autophagy in A10 cells and RAW264.7 macrophages. The in vivo experiments demonstrated that oral administration of nitazoxanide reduced the increase in serum IL‐1β and IL‐6 levels and suppressed atherosclerosis in Western diet‐fed ApoE (−/−) mice.
Conclusion and Implications
Nitazoxanide inhibits the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE (−/−) mice fed on a Western diet. In view of nitazoxanide being an antiprotozoal drug already approved by the FDA, we propose it as a novel anti‐atherosclerotic drug with clinical translational potential.
Antiferroelectric materials that display double ferroelectric hysteresis loops are receiving increasing attention for their superior energy storage density compared to their ferroelectric ...counterparts. Despite the good properties obtained in antiferroelectric La‐doped Pb(Zr,Ti)O3‐based ceramics, lead‐free alternatives are highly desired due to the environmental concerns, and AgNbO3 has been highlighted as a ferrielectric/antiferroelectric perovskite for energy storage applications. Enhanced energy storage performance, with recoverable energy density of 4.2 J cm−3 and high thermal stability of the energy storage density (with minimal variation of ≤±5%) over 20–120 °C, can be achieved in Ta‐modified AgNbO3 ceramics. It is revealed that the incorporation of Ta to the Nb site can enhance the antiferroelectricity because of the reduced polarizability of B‐site cations, which is confirmed by the polarization hysteresis, dielectric tunability, and selected‐area electron diffraction measurements. Additionally, Ta addition in AgNbO3 leads to decreased grain size and increased bulk density, increasing the dielectric breakdown strength, up to 240 kV cm−1 versus 175 kV cm−1 for the pure counterpart, together with the enhanced antiferroelectricity, accounting for the high energy storage density.
AgNbO3 lead‐free antiferroelectric ceramic is reported to be a promising candidate for energy storage applications. A great breakthrough with high recoverable energy density up to 4.2 J cm−3 and good thermal stability with minimal variation (±5%) over a temperature range of 20–120 °C is achieved in Ta‐modified AgNbO3 ceramics. This is possible because of the enhanced dielectric breakdown strength and antiferroelectricity.
To propose a framework called live-view golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) MRI for low-latency and high-fidelity real-time volumetric MRI.
Live-view GRASP MRI has two stages. The first one ...is called an off-view stage and the second one is called a live-view stage. In the off-view stage, 3D k-space data and 2D navigators are acquired alternatively using a new navi-stack-of-stars sampling scheme. A 4D motion database is then generated that contains time-resolved MR images at a sub-second temporal resolution, and each image is linked to a 2D navigator. In the live-view stage, only 2D navigators are acquired. At each time point, a live-view 2D navigator is matched to all the off-view 2D navigators. A 3D image that is linked to the best-matched off-view 2D navigator is then selected for this time point. This framework places the typical acquisition and reconstruction burden of MRI in the off-view stage, enabling low-latency real-time 3D imaging in the live-view stage. The accuracy of live-view GRASP MRI and the robustness of 2D navigators for characterizing respiratory variations and/or body movements were assessed.
Live-view GRASP MRI can efficiently generate real-time volumetric images that match well with the ground-truth references, with an imaging latency below 500 ms. Compared to 1D navigators, 2D navigators enable more reliable characterization of respiratory variations and/or body movements that may occur throughout the two imaging stages.
Live-view GRASP MRI represents a novel, accurate, and robust framework for real-time volumetric imaging, which can potentially be applied for motion adaptive radiotherapy on MRI-Linac.
Intraframe motion blurring, as a major challenge in free‐breathing dynamic MRI, can be reduced if high temporal resolution can be achieved. To address this challenge, this work proposes a highly ...accelerated 4D (3D + time) dynamic MRI framework with subsecond temporal resolution that does not require explicit motion compensation. The method combines standard stack‐of‐stars golden‐angle radial sampling and tailored GRASP‐Pro (Golden‐angle RAdial Sparse Parallel imaging with imProved performance) reconstruction. Specifically, 4D dynamic MRI acquisition is performed continuously without motion gating or sorting. The k‐space centers in stack‐of‐stars radial data are organized to guide estimation of a temporal basis, with which GRASP‐Pro reconstruction is employed to enforce joint low‐rank subspace and sparsity constraints. This new basis estimation strategy is the new feature proposed for subspace‐based reconstruction in this work to achieve high temporal resolution (e.g., subsecond/3D volume). It does not require sequence modification to acquire additional navigation data, it is compatible with commercially available stack‐of‐stars sequences, and it does not need an intermediate reconstruction step. The proposed 4D dynamic MRI approach was tested in abdominal motion phantom, free‐breathing abdominal MRI, and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI). Our results have shown that GRASP‐Pro reconstruction with the new basis estimation strategy enables highly‐accelerated 4D dynamic imaging at subsecond temporal resolution (with five spokes or less for each dynamic frame per image slice) for both free‐breathing non‐DCE‐MRI and DCE‐MRI. In the abdominal phantom, better image quality with lower root mean square error and higher structural similarity index was achieved using GRASP‐Pro compared with standard GRASP. With the ability to acquire each 3D image in less than 1 s, intraframe respiratory blurring can be intrinsically reduced for body applications with our approach, which eliminates the need for explicit motion detection and motion compensation.
This work proposes a highly‐accelerated 4D (3D + time) dynamic MRI framework with subsecond temporal resolution combining standard stack‐of‐stars golden‐angle radial sampling and tailored GRASP‐Pro (Golden‐angle RAdial Sparse Parallel imaging with imProved performance) reconstruction. Image reconstruction is performed using a combination of low‐rank subspace and sparsity constraints, where a temporal basis is estimated from the stack‐of‐stars k‐space centers to guide image reconstruction.
Abstract
Dielectric capacitors with high energy storage performance are highly desired for next-generation advanced high/pulsed power capacitors that demand miniaturization and integration. However, ...the poor energy-storage density that results from the low breakdown strength, has been the major challenge for practical applications of dielectric capacitors. Herein, we propose a heterovalent-doping-enabled atom-displacement fluctuation strategy for the design of low-atom-displacements regions in the antiferroelectric matrix to achieve the increase in breakdown strength and enhancement of the energy-storage density for AgNbO
3
-based multilayer capacitors. An ultrahigh breakdown strength ~1450 kV·cm
−1
is realized in the Sm
0.05
Ag
0.85
Nb
0.7
Ta
0.3
O
3
multilayer capacitors, especially with an ultrahigh U
rec
~14 J·cm
−3
, excellent η ~ 85% and P
D,max
~ 102.84 MW·cm
−3
, manifesting a breakthrough in the comprehensive energy storage performance for lead-free antiferroelectric capacitors. This work offers a good paradigm for improving the energy storage properties of antiferroelectric multilayer capacitors to meet the demanding requirements of advanced energy storage applications.
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