Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major cause of chemotherapy failure in the treatment of cancer patients. This study aimed to determine whether saikosaponin D (SSd) can enhance the efficacy of the ...anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox) both in vitro and in vivo and whether SSd can alter Dox pharmacokinetics in the serum of mice.
MCF-7/adr cells were used to investigate the effect of SSd on reversing MDR. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Pharmacokinetic tests were used to evaluate the effects of SSd on serum Dox disposition. An MCF-7/adr cell xenograft model was established to investigate the effect of SSd on reversing MDR in vivo. Tumor growth and weights were measured. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expression of P-gp (P-glycoprotein), an ATP-dependent efflux pump that mediates MDR in xenograft tumor tissues.
SSd could effectively reverse MDR in MCF-7/adr cells in vitro and had no cytotoxic effects on human amniotic epithelial cells (hAEC). There was no significant difference between the Dox pharmacokinetic parameters obtained in the mice that received Dox only and Dox combined with SSd, indicating that SSd did not alter the pharmacokinetic profiles of Dox. Furthermore, the combination of Dox and SSd had a stronger anticancer effect than Dox alone or SSd alone by inhibiting tumor growth and P-gp expression.
Our results suggest that SSd could effectively reverse MDR in vitro and in vivo and could be a potential MDR reversal agent for P-gp-mediated MDR in breast cancer therapy.
Aiming at the problems existing on the expression of atmospheric pollution dispersion, a data model of state-oriented and object-oriented hybrid modeling is designed. The model supports true ...three-dimensional grid representation and cellular automata deduction, and can combine the calculation and deduction of atmospheric pollution to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the model. The simulation experiments of single source and multi-source pollutants are carried out. The results show that: the model conforms to the diffusion law of atmospheric pollution. The pollutant concentration at any time, section or space in the whole diffusion process can be calculated and expressed dynamically, which improves the accuracy, rapidity, intuitiveness and analysation of the deduction of atmospheric pollutant diffusion process.
We show that highly nonlinear chalcogenide glass nanowire waveguides with near-zero anomalous dispersion should be capable of generating correlated photon-pairs by spontaneous four-wave mixing at ...frequencies detuned by over 17 THz from the pump where Raman noise is absent. In this region we predict a photon pair correlation of >100, a figure of merit >10 and brightness of ~8×10(8) pairs/s over a bandwidth of >15 THz in nanowires with group velocity dispersion of <5 ps∙km(-1) nm(-1). We present designs for double-clad Ge(11.5)As(24)Se(64.5) glass nanowires with realistic tolerance to fabrication errors that achieve near-zero anomalous dispersion at a 1420 nm pump wavelength. This structure has a fabrication tolerance of 80-170 nm in the waveguide width and utilizes a SiO(2)/Al(2)O(3) layer deposited by atomic layer deposition to compensate the fabrication errors in the film thickness.
To investigate the distribution of airway inflammation phenotype in patients with bronchial asthma (asthma), and to analyze clinical characteristics, inflammatory cytokines, pulmonary small vessels ...remodeling and small airway wall remodeling in patients with neutrophilic asthma.
Sixty-three patients with asthma were enrolled from January 2015 to December 2015 in Peking University Third Hospital. Clinical data including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), pulmonary function tests (PFTs), asthma control test (ACT) were recorded. All the patients underwent sputum induction. The cellular composition of the sputum was evaluatedand the concentration of active MMP-9 in the sputum tested. Blood routine tests were done and the concentration of IgE, periostin, and TGF-beta1 levels were measured in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Small airway wall remodeling was measured in computed tomography (CT) scans, as the luminal diameter, luminal area, wall thickness and wall area % adjusted by body surface a
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