Abstract Sausage is one of the meat products most consumed in Brazil, although the incorporation of fat is necessary for its elaboration, influencing its technological and sensory characteristics and ...its caloric value. The aim of this study was to evaluate the addition of resistant starch as a fat substitute in sausage on physicochemical properties and sensory acceptance. The analyses performed were the centesimal composition, emulsion stability, instrumental colour, texture profile analysis and sensorial acceptance. The resistant starch was evaluated for thermal properties, demonstrating that it required a high temperature for gelatinization, indicating that there was probably no gelatinisation of the starch in the cooking of the sausages. There was a significant difference between the treatments T1 and T2 with partial fat reduction and caloric value reduction. The study showed that the partial fat reduction positively influenced the reduction of caloric value, emulsion stability, colour parameters and texture profile analysis. All treatments were well accepted by the consumers. The incorporation of resistant starch in sausages did not influence the centesimal composition, texture profile analysis and sensory analysis, showing it to be a promising ingredient in the making of healthier meat products.
BRS Vitoria raisins were produced with a pre-treatment using a natural surfactant, i.e., extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), to (i) better elucidate its action on the grape surface using scanning electron ...microscopy; (ii) evaluate its influence on the oleanolic and ursolic acid content of raisins through HPLC-DAD; (iii) assess raisins characteristics during 180-day storage at different temperatures by using physicochemical and microbiological analyses with multivariate-based chemometric methods (MASLT). Grapes which presented adequate physicochemical characteristics and high concentration of anthocyanins originated raisins similar to those reported in the literature. The pre-treatment accelerated the dehydration process (about 26%) mainly because of the non-uniform redistribution of the surface waxy components accompanied by the formation of microholes and cracks. The small amount of EVOO used did not affect the oleanolic acid content in raisins, yet this compound proved to resist drying, which means that there is no loss of wax during the pre-treatment. For both untreated (RW) and pre-treated raisins (RP), the main changes triggered over time were not related to microbiological characteristics. Most of the changes appeared to occur right during drying and not during storage for RW, whereas for RP the physicochemical characteristics that mostly correlated with the storage changes were total monomeric anthocyanins, total acidity, and total sugars; also, they tended to reach an equilibrium and equaled RW at the end of 180 days, especially at 35 °C. These parameters proved to be the main characteristics related to the changes triggered in raisins. For both raisins, sugar crystals were formed in the flesh, but they were not visible to the naked eye or perceived by consumers. The results show that it is highly desirable to have a high-quality product at the beginning of storage, which was possible thanks to the EVOO pre-treatment used.
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•Pre-treatment with extra-virgin olive oil accelerated grape dehydration.•Pre-treatment resulted in raisins with a notable concentration of anthocyanins.•The grapes, even after processing, retained their content of oleanolic acid.•The most changed in raisins during storage were anthocyanins, acidity, and sugars.•Sugar crystals in the raisins were invisible and unnoticed by consumers.
Raisins have been gaining recognition for their nutrient and bioactive compound contents. Yet, pretreatments used for grape drying raise concerns regarding the economic viability and safety of the ...product. The objective of this proposal was to produce raisins from BRS Vitória grapes pretreated with a natural surfactant to accelerate the drying process. Subsequently, the influence of drying and pretreatment was evaluated for chemical composition (moisture, water activity (Aw), pH, total acidity (TA), reducing sugars (RS), and total sugars (TS)), total phenolic compounds (TPC), total anthocyanins, and qualitative and quantitative mineral composition. Finally, a sensory analysis of the raisins was conducted. By using the pretreatment, drying time decreased by approximately 38.5%. The raisins met the moisture requirements by the Brazilian and international regulations, and the pretreated raisins (PR) had a higher anthocyanin content, a high sugar concentration, acids, phenolic compounds (PC), and minerals (potassium (K), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn)), and were well accepted by consumers, especially in terms of taste and appearance. Interestingly, the pretreatment also provided more brightness to the samples. In conclusion, BRS Vitória grapes yielded raisins with a complex composition, especially those that were subjected to the pretreatment, might be consumed as a healthier snack, adding PC and minerals to the diet.
This study evaluated the effects of simulated gastrointestinal conditions (SGIC) on combined potentially probiotic
Limosilactobacillus fermentum
296 (~ 10 log CFU/mL), quercetin (QUE, 160 mg), and/or ...resveratrol (RES, 150 mg) as the bioactive components of novel nutraceuticals. Four different nutraceuticals were evaluated during exposure to SGIC and analyzed the plate counts and physiological status of
L. fermentum
296, contents and bioaccessibility of QUE and RES, and antioxidant capacity. Nutraceuticals with QUE and RES had the highest plate counts (4.94 ± 0.32 log CFU/mL) and sizes of live cell subpopulations (28.40 ± 0.28%) of
L. fermentum
296 after SGIC exposure. An index of injured cells (Gmean index, arbitrary unit defined as above 0.5) indicated that part of
L. fermentum
296 cells could be entered the viable but nonculturable state when the nutraceuticals were exposed to gastric and intestinal conditions while maintaining vitality. The nutraceuticals maintained high contents (QUE ~ 29.17 ± 0.62 and RES ~ 23.05 mg/100 g) and bioaccessibility (QUE ~ 41.0 ± 0.09% and RES ~ 67.4 ± 0.17%) of QUE and RES, as well as high antioxidant capacity (ABTS assay ~ 88.18 ± 1.16% and DPPH assay 75.54 ± 0.65%) during SGIC exposure, which could be linked to the protective effects on
L. fermentum
296 cells. The developed nutraceuticals could cross along the gastrointestinal tract with high concentrations of functioning potentially probiotic cells and bioavailable phenolic compounds to exert their beneficial impacts on consumer health, being an innovative strategy for the co-ingestion of these bioactive components.
Orientador: Natália Soares Janzantti
Coorientador: Ellen Silva Lago Vanzela
Banca: Marta de Toledo Benassi
Banca: Andrea Carla da Silva Barretto
Resumo: As barras de frutas são produtos normalmente ...elaborados a partir de polpas, purês e/ou sucos de frutas, adicionados ou não de açúcar e outros ingredientes como pectina e ácidos orgânicos, que após desidratação assemelham-se a tiras ou folhas finas e flexíveis que podem ser utilizadas como uma alternativa prática para auxiliar na incorporação de frutas na dieta. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os parâmetros físico-químicos, compostos com propriedades bioativas, atividade antioxidante total e análise sensorial importantes na elaboração de barras de frutas contendo purê de maçã e suco de uva utilizando um planejamento experimental. As diferentes formulações foram feitas com purê de maçã Fuji (X1) e suco de uva BRS Carmem (X2), e secas em estufa com circulação de ar forçado a 60 0C. Os parâmetros físico-químicos avaliados nas barras de frutas foram umidade, atividade de água, pH, sólidos solúveis totais, açúcares redutores e totais, cor instrumental, antocianinas totais e poliméricas, compostos fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante total (métodos de DDPH e FRAP). A avaliação da influência dos fatores sobre cada variável resposta foi realizada utilizando a análise de variância, adotando o nível de significância de 5%. As variáveis independentes purê de maçã (X1) e suco de uva (X2) apresentaram influência significativa (p ≤ 0,05) sobre a acidez total titulável, cor L* superfície rugosa e lisa e, C* superfície rugosa. As barras de frutas tenderam para a coloração vermelha a...
Abstract: Fruit bars are products usually made from pulps, purees and or fruit juices. They either have the following added to it sugar and other ingredients such as pectin and organic acids, which after dehydration they resemble thin, flexible strips or sheets that can be used as a practical alternative to assist in the incorporation of fruits into the diet. This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters, the compounds with bioactive properties, total antioxidant activity and important sensory analysis in the elaboration of fruit bars containing apple puree and grape juice using experimental design. The different formulations were prepared with Fuji apple puree (X1) and BRS Carmem grape juice (X2), and dried in a forced air circulation cabinet dryer at 60 °C. The physical-chemical parameters evaluated in the fruit bars were moisture, water activity, pH, total soluble solids, reducing and total sugars, instrumental colour, total and polymeric anthocyanin, total phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity (DDPH and FRAP methods). The evaluation of the factor's influence on each variable response was performed using the analysis of variance, adopting the level of significance of 5%. The independent variables, apple purée (X1) and grape juice (X2) presented significant influence (p ≤ 0.05) on the titratable total acidity, colour L* rough and smooth surface, and C* rough surface. The fruit bars tended to red to violet red with low saturation. The smooth surfaces were lighter and more uniform. There was loss of compounds with bioactive properties and total antioxidant activity after drying, mainly in the total anthocyanin content. Increasing the amount of grape juice in the fruit bar formulations resulted in higher acidity, lower luminosity, red-violet tonality, higher total anthocyanin content and higher sensory averages for appearance, overall impression and ...
Mestre
Health Policies for Rare Disease Patients: A Scoping Review Lopes-Júnior, Luís Carlos; Ferraz, Victor Evangelista Faria; Lima, Regina Aparecida Garcia ...
International journal of environmental research and public health,
11/2022, Letnik:
19, Številka:
22
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
To identify and map the available evidence on the implementation of public health policies directed at individuals with rare diseases, and to compare the implementation of these health policies ...between Brazil and other countries.
A scoping review guided by the PRISMA-ScR and JBI checklists. The search for articles was conducted in eight electronic databases, MEDLINE/Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and LILACS, using controlled descriptors, synonyms, and keywords combined with Boolean operators. All steps of this review were independently conducted by two researchers. The selected studies were classified by evidence hierarchy, and a generic quantitative tool was used for the assessment of the studies.
A total of 473 studies were identified, of which 13 which met all the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed. Of these studies, 61.5% (n = 8) had final scores equal to or greater than 70%, i.e., they were classified by this tool as being well-reported. The comparative analysis of international rare diseases demonstrates that public authorities' priorities and recommendations regarding this topic also permeate and apply to the Brazilian context.
The evaluation and monitoring of public policies directed at rare disease patients are urgent and necessary to improve and implement such policies with less bureaucracy and more determination for this unique population that requires timely and high-quality care.
Childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) has been associated with early-life exposures, including birth by cesarean section (C-section), and a deficit of social exposure ...(first child). These exposures as proxies for microbiome acquisition in infancy are essential to prime the immune system and restrain later dysregulated immune responses that can trigger ALL in susceptible individuals. We tested risk factors pertaining to immune stimulation that may impact BCP-ALL development.
Cases comprised 1,126 children (0-12 years) with ALL (BCP-ALL: 78.5%) from the EMiLI study group in Brazil (2002-2020). Age- and sex-matched controls (n = 2,252) were randomly selected from healthy children whose mothers participated in the National Placental and Umbilical Cord Blood Bank donation. Multiple logistic regression was run fitted and adjusted for selected covariates models.
C-section delivery was associated with increased risk for ALL odds ratio (OR) ALL: 1.10; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.04-1.15; ORBCP-ALL: 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03-1.14, as well as being the firstborn child. Interaction analysis showed a significant effect of first birth on the observed C-section associations (P < 0.0001). Indeed, high-risk children, namely, firstborn children delivered via C-section were at increased risk for ALL (OR: 2.33; 95% CI, 2.40-4.84) compared with non-first, vaginally born children. An increased risk was found for firstborn children delivered by C-section and non-breastfed with ALL (ORALL: 2.32; 95% CI, 1.27-4.24; ORBCP-ALL: 2.37; 95% CI, 1.18-4.76).
Our observations are in accord with the prediction that exposures determining microbiome composition and adrenal pathway in infancy contribute to the risk of BCP-ALL.
These findings encourage the exploration of potential preventive interventions. See related commentary by Wiemels and Gallant, p. 292.
Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil dos casos de COVID-19 em crianças e em adolescentes em um hospital de Sergipe.
Trata-se de um estudo analítico do tipo transversal realizado durante um ...período de 6 meses, para isso foi utilizado os dados do Serviço de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar desse hospital materno-infantil. Ao total foi analisado 302 casos suspeitos de infecção por SARS-CoV-2, sendo que desses 93 (30,8%) tiveram o diagnóstico confirmado.
Dentre os casos de COVID-19, 59 (62,1%) eram do sexo masculino e 18 (18,9%) tinham alguma comorbidade, além disso a maioria desses pacientes necessitaram de hospitalização, 66 (69,5%) de leito clínico e 2 (2,1%) de leito de estabilização. Referente a sintomatologia, a maioria dos casos de COVID-19 apresentavam tosse (41,1%), dispneia (37,9%) e febre (32,6%). Ao analisar o número de óbitos na amostra total (n = 13), 76,9% (n = 10) dos casos foram em pacientes com infecção por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada.
Apesar de a maioria dos casos de COVID-19 em crianças e em adolescentes se apresentarem nas formas leves e assintomáticas, essa doença não pode ser menosprezada, dado que a presença do exame de PCR positivo para infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2 apresenta associação com maior mortalidade nessas faixas etárias.
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