Summary
Tea is the world's widely consumed nonalcohol beverage with essential economic and health benefits. Confronted with the increasing large‐scale omics‐data set particularly the genome sequence ...released in tea plant, the construction of a comprehensive knowledgebase is urgently needed to facilitate the utilization of these data sets towards molecular breeding. We hereby present the first integrative and specially designed web‐accessible database, Tea Plant Information Archive (TPIA; http://tpia.teaplant.org). The current release of TPIA employs the comprehensively annotated tea plant genome as framework and incorporates with abundant well‐organized transcriptomes, gene expressions (across species, tissues and stresses), orthologs and characteristic metabolites determining tea quality. It also hosts massive transcription factors, polymorphic simple sequence repeats, single nucleotide polymorphisms, correlations, manually curated functional genes and globally collected germplasm information. A variety of versatile analytic tools (e.g. JBrowse, blast, enrichment analysis, etc.) are established helping users to perform further comparative, evolutionary and functional analysis. We show a case application of TPIA that provides novel and interesting insights into the phytochemical content variation of section Thea of genus Camellia under a well‐resolved phylogenetic framework. The constructed knowledgebase of tea plant will serve as a central gateway for global tea community to better understand the tea plant biology that largely benefits the whole tea industry.
Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite single-crystalline thin films (SCTFs) are promising for enhancing photoelectric device performance due to high carrier mobility, long diffusion length, and carrier ...lifetime. However, bulk perovskite single crystals available today are not suitable for practical device application due to the unfavorable thickness. Herein, we report a facile space-confined solution-processed strategy to on-substrate grow various hybrid perovskite SCTFs in a size of submillimeter with adjustable thicknesses from nano- to micrometers. These SCTFs exhibit photoelectric properties comparable to bulk single crystals with low defect density and good air stability. The clear thickness-dependent colors allow fast visual selection of SCTFs with a suitable thickness for specific device application. The present substrate-independent growth of perovskite SCTFs opens up opportunities for on-chip fabrication of diverse high-performance devices.
China has pledged to peak carbon emissions before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. However, the significant variations of provincial carbon emissions make it unclear whether ...they can jointly fulfill the national carbon peak and neutrality goal. Thus, this study predicts the emission trajectories at provincial level in China by employing the extended STIRPAT (Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology) model to see the feasibility and time of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality. We found that most provinces can achieve peak emission before 2030 but challenging to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060, even considering the ecological carbon sink. The provincial neutrality time is concentrated between 2058 and 2070; the sooner the carbon emission peaks, the earlier the carbon neutral will be realized. The aggregated carbon emissions at provincial level show that China can achieve its carbon emission peak of 9.64–10.71 Gt before 2030, but it is unlikely to achieve the carbon neutrality goal before 2060 without carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). With high CCUS development, China is expected to achieve carbon neutrality in 2054–2058, irrespective of the socio-economic scenarios. With low CCUS development, China's carbon neutrality target will be achieved only under the accelerated-improvement scenario, while it will postpone to 2061 and 2064 under the continued-improvement and the business-as-usual scenarios, respectively.
Highlights • Higher expression of UCA1 is significantly associated with poorer survival time. • UCA1 overexpression enhanced the proliferation and colony formation of NSCLC cells. • ERBB4 is ...upregulated by UCA1 through competitively ‘spongeing’ miR-193a-3p.
In this study, the mitochondrial genome of Eulaelaps silvestris, which parasitizes Apodemus chevrieri, was sequenced and assembled to fill the gap in understanding the molecular evolution of the ...genus Eulaelaps. The E. silvestris mitochondrial genome is a double-stranded DNA molecule with a length of 14 882 bp, with a distinct AT preference for base composition and a notably higher AT content than GC content. The arrangement between genes is relatively compact, with a total of 10 gene intergenic regions and 12 gene overlap regions. All protein-coding genes had a typical ATN initiation codon, and only 2 protein-coding genes had an incomplete termination codon T. Out of the 13 protein-coding genes, the 5 most frequently used codons ended in A/U, with only 1 codon ending in G/C had an relative synonymous codon usage value >1. Except for trnS1 and trnS2, which lacked the D arm, all other tRNAs were able to form a typical cloverleaf structure; and there were a total of 38 mismatches in the folding process of tRNA genes. Unlike the gene arrangement order of the arthropod hypothetical ancestor, the E. silvestris mitochondrial genome underwent fewer rearrangements, mainly near tRNA genes and control regions. Both the maximum likelihood tree and the Bayesian tree showed that the family Haemogamasidae is most closely related to the family Dermanyssidae. The results not only provide a theoretical basis for studying the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Eulaelaps, but also provide molecular evidence that the family Haemogamasidae does not belong to the subfamily Laelapidae.
Tissue engineering is a promising strategy to repair spinal cord injury (SCI). However, a bioscaffold with mechanical properties that match those of the pathological spinal cord tissue and a ...pro-regenerative matrix that allows robust neurogenesis for overcoming post-SCI scar formation has yet to be developed. Here, we report that a mechanically enhanced decellularized spinal cord (DSC) scaffold with a thin poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) outer shell may fulfill the requirements for effective in situ neuroengineering after SCI. Using chemical extraction and electrospinning methods, we successfully constructed PLGA thin shell-ensheathed DSC scaffolds (PLGA-DSC scaffolds) in a way that removed major inhibitory components while preserving the permissive matrix. The DSCs exhibited good cytocompatibility with neural stem cells (NSCs) and significantly enhanced their differentiation toward neurons in vitro. Due to the mechanical reinforcement, the implanted PLGA-DSC scaffolds showed markedly increased resilience to infiltration by myofibroblasts and the deposition of dense collagen matrix, thereby creating a neurogenic niche favorable for the targeted migration, residence and neuronal differentiation of endogenous NSCs after SCI. Furthermore, PLGA-DSC presented a mild immunogenic property but prominent ability to polarize macrophages from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype, leading to significant tissue regeneration and functional restoration after SCI. Taken together, the results demonstrate that the mechanically matched PLGA-DSC scaffolds show promise for effective tissue repair after SCI.
Purpose
Secretory breast carcinoma is a rare histological subtype of invasive breast cancer and considered with an indolent clinical behavior. This study was conducted to analyze the ...clinicopathological features of patients with secretory breast carcinoma (SBC), explore the outcome, and compare the prognostic difference with invasive ductal breast carcinoma (IDC).
Methods and materials
Patients with SBC diagnosed between 2006 and 2017 from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were included in the study, excluding patients with previous malignant tumor history and incomplete clinical data or follow-up records. Peculiar clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of the cases were fully described. Clinical data of 4979 cases of IDC were also evaluated during this period. After propensity score matching, prognostic analysis of SBCs and IDCs was calculated by Kaplan–Meier method and landmark analysis method.
Results
The data of 52 patients diagnosed with SBC were identified from the pathological files. Among them, 47 patients were women, and 5 were men. The median age of the 52 SBCs was 46 years (mean, 48.1 years; range, 10–80 years). The tumor sizes ranged from 0.3 to 6.8 cm, with a mean of 3.5 cm. Eight patients (15.4%) had positive axillary lymph node involvement. The molecular classification was mostly triple-negative breast cancer (65.4%). Fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of
ETV6::NTRK3
rearrangement in 16 of 18 cases (88.9%). Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and landmark analysis demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences in DFS and OS between SBC and IDC patients.
Conclusion
Although SBCs are generally associated with a favorable prognosis, our work exhibited that the clinicopathological features of SBC were partly different from former understandings, indicating that therapeutic procedure should be prudent. Further studies are necessary to fully identify the clinical behavior and predictive markers to improve diagnosis and management in this unique subtype of breast cancer.
The KIT11 mutation is the most frequent mutation pattern in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, few studies have investigated the correlation between the KIT11-mutated grading system ...and imatinib mesylate (IM) sensitivity (the first choice for adjuvant treatment of GISTs). Here, we elucidated the clinical value of the KIT11-mutated grading system for prognostic prediction in patients with GISTs treated with IM. A total of 106 patients with GIST were treated with IM (8: intermediate-risk, 98: high-risk; 10: KIT9-mutated, 86: KIT11-mutated, 5: wild-type, and 5: other mutations). KIT11-mutated patients were divided into 3 grades based on the KIT11-mutated site and type. Clinical backgrounds and prognostic outcomes were retrospectively compared between the 3 groups. Of 86 KIT11-mutated patients treated with IM, 32 (37.21%) had grade 1 tumors, 37 (43.02%) had grade 2 tumors, and 17 (19.77%) had grade 3 tumors. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly worse in patients with grade 3 KIT11-mutated GISTs (41.96%, p = 0.001) than in those with grade 1 (93%) and grade 2 (70.64%) cases. The multivariable analysis suggested that the KIT11-mutated grading system was an independent risk factor for DFS in patients treated with IM (hazard risk, 2.512; 95% confidence interval, 1.370–4.607; p = 0.003). In conclusion, the KIT11-mutated grading system provides good prognostic stratification for DFS in patients treated with IM. Grade 1 tumors predict a favorable response to IM.
•The KIT11-mutated grading system was established based on the mutation site and type of KIT11 mutation.•The KIT11-mutated grading system provides good prognostic stratification for disease-free survival in patients treated with imatinib mesylate.•KIT9-mutated and grade 2 and grade 3 KIT11-mutated tumors showed more aggressive behavior with poor prognosis.
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•The ZnF2-PCNFs interlayer was successfully prepared.•The PCNFs and ZnF2 produced an excellent synergistic effect to suppress the Li dendrite growth.•The interlayer provided a high Li ...ions and electronic transmission channel.•The Li||LFP battery and Li symmetric battery with the interlayer displayed stable long cycle performance.•The interlayer could absorb lithium polysulfides and enhance the cycle stability of Li||S batteries.
In this work, the ZnF2 doped three-dimensional (3D) porous carbon nanofibers (ZnF2-PCNFs) were prepared via the electro-blow spinning (EBS) and carbonization strategy. And its applications as promising interlayer to hybridize with metal Li as composite anode for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) were systematically investigated and researched. The 3D interconnected porous skeleton with a high electrical conductivity and large surface area could reduce the local current density and endow the significantly enhanced interfacial compatibility between the interlayer and lithium electrode including a high lithium-loading capacity. Moreover, the lithiophilic ZnF2 nanoparticles formed in-situ during carbonization process could provide more active sites to trigger an analogous alloying reaction with Li to guide the Li plating/stripping more homogeneous. For the assembled Li||LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries with ZnF2-PCNFs, the optimal initial discharge capacity and capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1C were 142.70 mAh g−1 and 96.42%, respectively. The symmetric Li||Li batteries further showed that the ZnF2-PCNFs coating interlayer could hinder Li dendrite growth and improve the cycling stability. In addition, the obtained Li||S battery with ZnF2-PCNFs also delivered the outstanding cycle performance among the various samples based on the convenient transport channels of Li ions and the strong adsorption or captured ability of ZnF2-PCNFs to species. These facts demonstrated that the prepared ZnF2-PCNFs coating acting as interlayer between separator and anode could effectively enhance safety and electrochemical performance of LMBs.
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