Introducción: Una complicación importante de la cirugía colorrectal es la dehiscencia de anastomosis (DA). El estado nutricional es uno de los factores importantes en la DA. Una forma objetiva para ...evaluar nutricionalmente a los pacientes es medir la sarcopenia, definida como disminución de masa muscular esquelética, que puede ser objetivada por análisis de Unidades Hounsfield (UH) y área muscular (AM) por medio de Tomografía Computarizada de Abdomen y Pelvis (TCAP). Objetivos: Evaluar si existe relación entre la DA y la presencia de sarcopenia detectada por medición de UH y AM en TCAP en pacientes sometidos a colectomía por cáncer. Material y Método: Estudio de casos y controles con estadística analítica. Se eligen de manera aleatoria 21 pacientes con DA y 40 sin DA. Se incluyen >18 años, con colectomía por cáncer y anastomosis primaria. Fueron excluidos pacientes ostomizados, que no tuvieran TCAP pre operatoria o que éste no permitiera medir UH y AM. La evaluación imagenológica fue realizada por radiólogo experto. Resultados: La comparación entre grupos evidencia que son homogéneos con respecto al sexo (predomino hombres), edad (promedio 60 años) y localización. Se evidencia signos imagenológicos sugerentes de sarcopenia en el grupo de DA puesto que existe disminución en UH con valores estadísticamente significativos y tendencia a presentar valores menores en el AM. Conclusiones: La presencia de sarcopenia evaluada por alteración de UH en estudio radiológico se correlaciona con DA, pudiendo ser un predictor de riesgo. La importancia de este hallazgo es que es un factor de riesgo potencialmente corregible.
There is a growing need to implement and evaluate the technological solutions that allow the early detection of age-related frailty and enable assessment of the predictive values of frailty ...components. The broad use of these solutions may ensure an efficient and sustainable response of health and social care systems to the challenges related to demographic aging. In this paper, we present the protocol of the ModulEn study that aims to develop and validate a predictive model for frailty. For this purpose, the sample composed by older adults aged 65-80 years and recruited from the community will be invited to use an electronic device ACM Kronowise® 2.0. This device allows proactive and continuous monitoring of circadian health, physical activity, and sleep and eating habits. It will be used during a period of seven to ten days. The participants will also be given the questionnaires evaluating the variables of interest, including frailty level, as well as their experience and satisfaction with the device use. Data provided from these two sources will be combined and the relevant associations will be identified. In our view, the implications of this study' findings for clinical practice include the possibility to develop and validate tools for timely prevention of frailty progress. In the long term, the ModulEn may contribute to the critical reduction of frailty burden in Europe.
Newborn Screening Programs (NSP) in Spain were born in the city of Granada in 1968. Till the 1980s, they were developed around the so-called "National Plan for Preventing Subnormality", covering up ...to 30% of the Spanish newborns. From 1982, when the health system management was transferred to the different autonomous regions, the NSP began to expand, and the bases to transform them into an organized and multidisciplinary activity, integrated and coordinated from the National Health System were settled. Despite this expansion, it is not until the 1990s when their coverage reaches almost 100% newborns in Spain. NSP grew up asymmetrically across the different autonomous regions. In 2005 and 2006 the scientific societies SEQC (Spanish Society of Clinical Chemistry) and AECNE (Spanish Society of Newborn Screening), coordinated by the Health Promotion Area of the General Directorate of Public Health, gathered together the necessary information to elaborate a report on the NSP in Spain addressed to the Interterritorial Council of the National Health System. In July 2013, that Council approved the seven diseases that should be part of each region newborn screening panel, being the first step towards the NSP harmonization in Spain. Currently, the NSP include between 8 and 29 diseases in their panels, thus more still more efforts are needed in order to achieve a higher uniformity.
Using an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, we have studied the distribution of immunoreactive fibers and cell bodies containing neurokinin in the adult human brainstem with no prior history of ...neurological or psychiatric disease.
Clusters of immunoreactive cell bodies and high densities of neurokinin-immunoreactive fibers were located in the periaqueductal gray, the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and in the reticular formation of the medulla, pons and mesencephalon. Moreover, immunoreactive cell bodies were found in the inferior colliculus, the raphe obscurus, the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, and in the midline of the anterior medulla oblongata. In general, immunoreactive fibers containing neurokinin were observed throughout the whole brainstem. In addition to the nuclei mentioned above, the highest densities of such immunoreactive fibers were located in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, the lateral reticular nucleus, the nucleus of the solitary tract, the superior colliculus, the substantia nigra, the nucleus ambiguus, the gracile nucleus, the cuneate nucleus, the motor hypoglossal nucleus, the medial and superior vestibular nuclei, the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and the interpeduncular nucleus.
The widespread distribution of immunoreactive structures containing neurokinin in the human brainstem indicates that neurokinin might be involved in several physiological mechanisms, acting as a neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator.
OBJETIVO: El consumo moderado de cerveza puede formar parte de una dieta saludable, como la dieta mediterránea. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la contribución del consumo moderado de ...cerveza a la ingestión de energía y nutrientes en adultos españoles sanos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Como parte de un estudio intervencionista más amplio, se midió la ingestión dietética mediante un registro de 7 días de los alimentos de la dieta en 24 hombres y 22 mujeres (edad: 34,18 ± 5,80 años) dos veces: durante la última semana de un periodo de 30 días de abstinencia absoluta de alcohol y durante la última semana de un periodo de 30 días de consumo moderado de cerveza. Se analizó el contenido energético y en nutrientes de los alimentos mediante el programa GEA, basado en las tablas españolas de composición de los alimentos¹. RESULTADOS: En las mujeres, el consumo moderado de cerveza aumentó de forma significativa (p < 0,05) el promedio de ingestión de vitamina B6 (1,24 ± 0,32 a 1,47 ± 0,34 mg), B12 (3,87 ± 1,46 a 5,58 ± 2,76 µg) A (614.45 ± 224.75 to 788.3 ± 468.1 µg), y folatos (139,5 ± 39,88 a 168,25 ± 56,32 µg). En hombres, también aumentó de forma significativa la ingestión de vitamina B12 (1,64 ± 0,62 a 1,91 ± 0,46 mg), B6 (1,54 ± 0,63 a 1,80 ± 0,37 mg), niacina (30,01 ± 8,13 a 34,78 ± 6,26 mg), y folatos (153,23 ± 68,70 a 192,32 ± 46,73 mg). No hubo oscilaciones significativas en la ingestión de macronutrientes ni minerales. CONCLUSIÓN: El consumo moderado de cerveza puede mejorar la calidad de la dieta con respecto a las vitaminas del grupo B in adultos sanos.OBJECTIVE: Moderate beer consumption can be part of a healthy diet, like the Mediterranean diet. The aim of the present study was to analyse the contribution a moderate beer consumption makes to energy and nutrient intake in Spanish healthy adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As part of a larger intervention study, dietary intake was measured by means of a 7-day food dietary record in 24 men and 22 women (age 34.18 ± 5.80 years) twice: during the last week of the 30 days of complete alcohol abstinence and during the last week of 30 days of moderate beer consumption. Energy and nutrient content of food was analysed by means of the GEA program, based on the Spanish food composition tables. RESULTS: In women, moderate beer consumption increased significantly (p < 0.05) mean vitamin B6 (1.24 ± 0.32 to 1.47 ± 0.34 mg), B12 (3.87 ± 1.46 to 5.58 ± 2.76 µg), A (614.45 ± 224.75 to 788.3 ± 486.1 µg), and folate (139.5 ± 39.88 to 168.25 ± 56.32 µg) intake, whereas there was a decrease in mean iodine intake (327.1 ± 148.4 to 281.2 ± 135.02 µg). In men, mean vitamin B2 (1.64 ± 0.62 to 1.91 ± 0.46 mg), B6 (1.54 ± 0.63 to 1.80 ± 0.37 mg), niacin (30.01 ± 8.13 to 34.78 ± 6.26 mg) and folate (153.23 ± 68.70 to 192.32 ± 46.73 mg) intake also increased significantly. Energy, macronutrient and mineral intake had non-significant oscillations. CONCLUSION: Moderate beer consumption can improve diet quality in regard to B vitamins in healthy adults.
To describe the prevalence of atopic eczema (AE) and to find the characteristics of the diet of children with AE.
Descriptive, transversal study.
Primary schools.
The study used the standardized and ...validated questionnaire of the ISAAC phase III study, which finds the prevalence of AE in children and enables inter-centre comparison to be conducted. A questionnaire about food consumption was included. The prevalence ratio (PR) of AE and food consumption (95% confidence intervals) was calculated.
A total of 28 448 children aged 6-7 were included in the study. The prevalence of clinically diagnosed AE was 15.35% in boys and 15.24% in girls. The foods most often consumed were: dairy and cereals, followed by rice, pasta, and eggs. The least consumed were: butter, margarine, and fast food. The PR for children who consumed pasta was (PR=1.35), seafood (PR=1.28), cereals (PR=1.26), eggs (PR=1.13), and meat (PR=1.09).
The prevalence of AE in Spain was 15.3%, and was associated with food consumption. The consumption of dairy products, cereals, and olive oil was appropriate. The intake of fruit, vegetables, seafood, and legumes was below the recommended amounts. Future studies on the question are needed.
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