In the present work, the excitation functions of (n,2n) reactions for five isotopes of selenium (74,76,78,80,82Se) are calculated using ALICE/ASH, EMPIRE-3.2.2, PCROSS, and TALYS 1.6 computer codes ...based on statistical model up to 20 MeV. The theoretical calculations provide information of the (n,2n) excitation functions with the increasing target neutron number of selenium element. The calculated cross-sections were compared with experimental data from EXFOR and also with the crosssections estimated with semi empirical formula developed by Tet et al. (2008) 18. Results show a reasonably good agreement between the calculations and the experimental data from literature.
20,0 MeV’e kadar nötron kaynaklı reaksiyonlar için nükleer veriler, nükleer fizik, astrofizik ve tıp gibi birçok farklı alanda kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı seviye yoğunluk modelleri ...kullanılarak iridyum izotoplarının (191,193Ir) (n,2n), (n,p) ve (n,a) reaksiyon tesir kesitleri 20,0 MeV’e kadar hesaplanmıştır. Model hesaplamalarında, ALICE-ASH, EMPIRE-3.2 ve TALYS-1.95 bilgisayar kodları kullanılmıştır. ALICE-ASH’de Fermi Gas Modeli, EMPIRE-3.2’de Genelleştirilmiş Süper Akışkan Modeli ve TALYS-1.95’de Sabit Sıcaklık Fermi Gaz Modeli seçilmiştir. Sonuçlar tartışılmış ve literatürde bulunan deneysel verilerle ve ENDF veri kütüphanesinden elde edilen değerlendirilmiş verilerle (ENDFB-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3 ve JENDL-2017) kıyaslanmıştır. Sonuçların, gelecekte yapılacak olan tesir kesit araştırmalarının geliştirilmesine önemli katkılar sağlayacağına inanılmaktadır.
The nuclear data for neutron induced reactions up to 20.0 MeV is used in many different fields such as nuclear physics, astrophysics, and medicine. In this study, cross-section calculations for (n,2n), (n,p) and (n,a) reactions of iridium isotopes (191,193Ir) have been calculated using different level density models up to 20,0 MeV. The ALICE-ASH, EMPIRE-3.2 and TALYS-1.95 nuclear codes were used in model calculations. The Fermi Gas Model in ALICE-ASH, The Generalized Superfluid Level Density Model in EMPIRE-3.2 and the Constant Temperature Fermi Gas Level Density Model in TALYS-1.95 code have been selected. The results have been discussed and compared with the experimental data found in literature and with different evaluated nuclear data (ENDFB-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3 and JENDL-2017). It is believed that the results will make important contributions to the development of future cross-section studies.
20,0 MeV’e kadar nötron kaynaklı reaksiyonlar için nükleer veriler, nükleer fizik, astrofizik ve tıp gibi birçok farklı alanda kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı seviye yoğunluk modelleri ...kullanılarak iridyum izotoplarının (191,193Ir) (n,2n), (n,p) ve (n,a) reaksiyon tesir kesitleri 20,0 MeV’e kadar hesaplanmıştır. Model hesaplamalarında, ALICE-ASH, EMPIRE-3.2 ve TALYS-1.95 bilgisayar kodları kullanılmıştır. ALICE-ASH’de Fermi Gas Modeli, EMPIRE-3.2’de Genelleştirilmiş Süper Akışkan Modeli ve TALYS-1.95’de Sabit Sıcaklık Fermi Gaz Modeli seçilmiştir. Sonuçlar tartışılmış ve literatürde bulunan deneysel verilerle ve ENDF veri kütüphanesinden elde edilen değerlendirilmiş verilerle (ENDFB-VIII.0, JEFF-3.3 ve JENDL-2017) kıyaslanmıştır. Sonuçların, gelecekte yapılacak olan tesir kesit araştırmalarının geliştirilmesine önemli katkılar sağlayacağına inanılmaktadır.
Fisyon ve füzyon reaktörlerinin güvenliğinin sağlanabilmesi için kullanılan malzeme ile parçacıklar arasındaki gerçekleşebilecek tüm etkileşimlerin göz önüne alınması gerekmektedir. Nükleer ...reaksiyonlara ait tesir kesiti verileri; radyoizotop üretimi, radyasyon zırhlama ve malzeme geliştirme çalışmaları olmak üzere oldukça geniş bir alanda kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, günümüz teknolojilerinde pek çok alanda kaplama malzemesi olarak kullanılan kalay elementinin füzyon reaktörlerinin zırhlamalarına ait nötronik radyasyon etkileri araştırılmıştır. 112-124Sn hedef çekirdek izotopları için 14.5 MeV yüksek gelme enerjili nötronlarla oluşturulan (n,p) reaksiyonlarına ait tesir kesitleri literatürdeki yeni geliştirilmiş yarı deneysel formüller kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Yarı ampirik teorik formüllerden hesaplanan sonuçlar, EXFOR’dan elde edilen deneysel sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
In order to ensure the safety of fission and fusion reactors, all interactions that may occur between the material used and the particles should be considered. Cross section data of nuclear reactions; are used in a wide range such as radio isotope production, radiation shielding and material development studies. In this study, the neutronic radiation effects of the tin element, which is used as a coating material in many areas in today's technologies, on the shielding of fusion reactors were been investigated. The (n,p) reactions cross sections generated with 14.5 MeV high incident energy neutrons for 112-124Sn target core isotopes were calculated using newly developed semi-empirical formulae in the literature. The results calculated from the semi-empirical formulas were compared with the experimental results obtained from the EXFOR.
Fisyon ve füzyon reaktörlerinin güvenliğinin sağlanabilmesi için kullanılan malzeme ile parçacıklar arasındaki gerçekleşebilecek tüm etkileşimlerin göz önüne alınması gerekmektedir. Nükleer ...reaksiyonlara ait tesir kesiti verileri; radyoizotop üretimi, radyasyon zırhlama ve malzeme geliştirme çalışmaları olmak üzere oldukça geniş bir alanda kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, günümüz teknolojilerinde pek çok alanda kaplama malzemesi olarak kullanılan kalay elementinin füzyon reaktörlerinin zırhlamalarına ait nötronik radyasyon etkileri araştırılmıştır. 112-124Sn hedef çekirdek izotopları için 14.5 MeV yüksek gelme enerjili nötronlarla oluşturulan (n,p) reaksiyonlarına ait tesir kesitleri literatürdeki yeni geliştirilmiş yarı deneysel formüller kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Yarı ampirik teorik formüllerden hesaplanan sonuçlar, EXFOR’dan elde edilen deneysel sonuçlar ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in temperament, character, and defense mechanisms with the treatment and remission in patients with major depressive disorder. The study was designed ...as a longitudinal observational follow-up study of patients with repeated measures at 0, 12, and 36 weeks. In baseline comparisons, the major depression group showed higher harm avoidance and novelty seeking scores and lower self-directness and mature defense styles scores compared with healthy controls. In the follow-up, temperament dimensions and neurotic defenses remained unchanged, mature defense styles and self-directness revealed significant increase, and immature defense styles revealed significant decrease. Although there was no significant difference in the defense styles, harm avoidance and novelty seeking scores remained higher in MDD patients compare with healthy controls in 36 weeks. Our findings regarding continuation of hierarchically upward improvement in defense mechanism after the remission may support importance of treatment after remission.
Functional dyspepsia, originates from gastroduodenal region, is described as resistant and recurring dyspeptic symptoms with unknown etiology. Although there is some evidence in support of a ...relationship between functional dyspepsia and psychopathology, attachment patterns of functional dyspepsia patients have not been studied yet. In our study, we aimed to compare attachment patterns of functional dyspepsia patients with organic dyspepsia patients and healthy volunteers.
43 patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia, 38 patients with organic dyspepsia and 42 healthy volunteers matched in terms of age, sex and education were included in the study. All participants were evaluated using a socio-demographic and clinical data questionnaire, the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire and the Adult Attachment Scale.
There was no difference in sociodemographic features among the three groups. Functional dyspepsia group exhibited significantly higher Trait Anxiety scores compared to organic dyspepsia and control groups. Control group showed significantly higher secure attachment styles compared to functional dyspepsia and organic dyspepsia groups, there was no difference between groups in non-secure attachment styles according to triple attachment model. Dimensionally, functional dyspepsia group showed more avoidant attachment patterns than organic dyspepsia groups and organic dyspepsia group showed more avoidant attachment patterns than control group.
According to our findings, Functional dyspepsia patients are more anxious than organic dyspepsia patients and healthy volunteers. Non-secure attachment patterns were seen generally in all dyspeptic patients while avoidant attachment patterns are more prominent in functional dyspepsia patients.
•Non-secure attachment patterns were seen generally in all dyspeptic patients.•Avoidant attachment patterns are more prominent in functional dyspepsia patients.•Functional dyspepsia patients are more anxious.
In this study, the excitation functions of (n,2n) reactions for 30,32,34,35,37,38Ba isotopes are calculated using TALYS 1.6, EMPIRE-3.2.2, and ALICE-GDH codes based on statistical model up to 20 MeV. ...Moreover, the cross section for each isotope have also been estimated at 14.2 MeV using semi empirical formula developed by four different authors. The calculated and estimated cross-sections are compared with experimental cross-sections from EXFOR and compared with the evaluation data in ENDF/B-VII.1 library. Results are close agreement with the experimental data from literature.
In this preset study, calculations of neutron-induced alpha particle emission double-differential cross section of fluorine (19F) at 14.2 MeV have been calculated by using ALICE and EMPIRE model ...programs for six different emission angles ranging from 30° to 150°. Calculated results from the Hybrid Monte Carlo pre-equilibrium emission and the full featured Hauser-Feshbach model have been compared with the experimental (EXFOR). The calculated double-differential cross section results using three codes are in good agreement with experimental data.
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