3d modularity Cheng, Miranda C.N.; Chun, Sungbong; Ferrari, Francesca ...
The journal of high energy physics,
10/2019, Letnik:
2019, Številka:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
We find and propose an explanation for a large variety of modularity-related symmetries in problems of 3-manifold topology and physics of 3d
N
= 2 theories where such structures
a priori
...are not manifest. These modular structures include: mock modular forms, SL(2
,
ℤ) Weil representations, quantum modular forms, non-semisimple modular tensor categories, and chiral algebras of logarithmic CFTs.
Scholars have long understood the importance of the elections that take place during the early years of adulthood. For instance, Butler and Stokes (1974) showed that the electoral choice of our early ...elections could shape our life-long partisan preferences. Moreover, Bruter and Harrison (2017, 2020) suggest that turnout in one of the first two elections when a citizen is eligible to vote will shape their political participation for years to come. At the same time, a lot of attention has been devoted to the extent to which young people converge with or depart from the electoral preferences of other generations. In the UK, that question has been particularly prominent since the referendum on the UK's membership of the European Union in 2016. This divisive political moment revealed the amplitude of the rift between younger and older generations and continues to linger in the British political debate. The UK general election of 2019 presented a test of whether such a rift still existed and what it entailed.
A
bstract
Liouville theory describes the dynamics of surfaces with constant negative curvature and can be used to study the Weil-Petersson geometry of the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. This leads ...to an efficient algorithm to compute the Weil-Petersson metric to arbitrary accuracy using Zamolodchikov’s recursion relation for conformal blocks. For example, we compute the metric on
M
0
,
4
numerically to high accuracy by considering Liouville theory on a sphere with four punctures. We numerically compute the eigenvalues of the Weil-Petersson Laplacian, and find evidence that the obey the statistics of a random matrix in the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble.
Young Voters Harrison, Sarah
Parliamentary affairs,
03/2018, Letnik:
71, Številka:
suppl_1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
This chapter examines the role of young people in the 2017 General Election. In order to provide an insight into their perceptions and motivations, I look at the specific context of this election for ...young people, and notably the implications of the Brexit result on the attitudes of young people leading up to the 8 June Election.
Using insights from the psychology literature, this article introduces and operationalises the concept of ‘democratic frustration’ to shed new light on the pathologies of democratic crises. While ...political scientists have devoted ample attention to democratic crises and dissatisfaction, this article suggests that citizens’ frequent references to their “frustration” should be taken more literally. Specifically, it suggests that citizens become frustrated when a perceived democratic delivery deficit interacts with a strong democratic expectation or desire. The article tests this model using two original surveys run in the UK during the 2017 General Election and 2019 European Parliament elections. By measuring expectations and delivery deficit separately, the article maps democratic frustration vis-à-vis alternative concepts such as apathy, criticality, and cynicism, and shows that it is more widespread as an expectation–deficit combination than any of them. It suggests that democratic frustration comprises of three dimensions: ideological, institutional and political. Adapting insights from the psychology of frustration that show it usually results in expressions of withdrawal, anger, or aggression, the article then explores how the three dimensions of frustration typically result in different pathologies. Ideological frustration leads to abstention (withdrawal), institutional frustration to peaceful demonstrations or radical vote (anger) and to envisage leaving one’s country, whilst political and institutional frustrations combine and lead citizens to consider taking part in violent demonstrations or even joining a revolution (aggression).
Electoral psychology is defined as any model based on human psychology that is used to explain any electoral experience or outcome at the individual or aggregate level. Electoral psychology can also ...be an interface with other crucial aspects of the vote. For example, the interface between electoral psychology and electoral organization constitutes electoral ergonomics. The very nature of the models tested in electoral psychology has also led scholars in the field to complement mainstream social science methodologies with their own specific methodological approaches in order to capture the subconscious component of the vote and the subtle nature of the psychological processes determining the electoral experience and the way in which it permeates citizens’ thoughts and lives. After defining electoral psychology, this introductory article scopes its analytical roots and contemporary relevance, focuses on the importance of switching from “institution-centric” to “people-centric” conceptions of electoral behavior, and notably how it redefines key concepts such as electoral identity and consistency, and approaches questions of personality, morality, memory, identity, and emotions in electoral psychological models. Then, it discusses some of the unique methodological challenges that the field faces, notably when it comes to analyzing largely subconscious phenomena, and addresses them, before explaining how the various contributions to this Special Issue give a flavor of the scope and approaches of electoral psychology contributions to electoral studies.
EcoHealth and One Health are two major approaches broadly aimed at understanding the links between human, animal, and environment health. There have been increasing calls for convergence between the ...two. If convergence is desired, greater clarity regarding the underlying theoretical assumptions of both approaches is required. This would also support integrated research to effectively address complex health issues at the human, animal and environment interface. To better understand the areas of overlap and alignment, we systematically compared and contrasted the theoretical assumptions of both approaches.
We aimed to gain a more in-depth understanding of the ontological, epistemological and methodological underpinnings of EcoHealth and One Health in order to identify areas of difference and overlap, and consider the extent to which closer convergence between the two may be possible.
We undertook a scoping review of literature about the ontological, epistemological and methodological positions of EcoHealth and One Health, and analyzed these according to Lincoln, Lynham and Guba's paradigm framework.
EcoHealth and One Health are both collaborative, systems-focused approaches at the human, animal, and ecosystem health interface. EcoHealth typically leans towards constructivist-leaning assumptions. Many consider this a necessary aspiration for One Health. However, in practice One Health remains dominated by the veterinary and medical disciplines that emphasize positivist-leaning assumptions.
The aspirations of EcoHealth and One Health appear to overlap at the conceptual level, and may well warrant closer convergence. However, further shared discussions about their epistemological and ontological assumptions are needed to reconcile important theoretical differences, and to better guide scopes of practice. Critical realism may be a crucial theoretical meeting point. Systems thinking methods (with critical realist underpinnings), such as system dynamics modelling, are potentially useful methodologies for supporting convergent practice.
•EcoHealth and One Health share considerable overlapping theoretical aspirations.•Clearer understanding of the aims and scope of both approaches is needed.•Closer convergence may be possible using a diverse range of methods and worldviews.•Calls for more critical, constructivist approaches in One Health may support this.•Systems thinking methods may support beneficial integration of these approaches.
Fun with F24 Harrison, Sarah M.; Paquette, Natalie M.; Persson, Daniel ...
The journal of high energy physics,
02/2021, Letnik:
2021, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A
bstract
We study some special features of
F
24
, the holomorphic
c
= 12 superconformal field theory (SCFT) given by 24 chiral free fermions. We construct eight different Lie superalgebras of ...“physical” states of a chiral superstring compactified on
F
24
, and we prove that they all have the structure of Borcherds-Kac-Moody superalgebras. This produces a family of new examples of such superalgebras. The models depend on the choice of an
N
= 1 supercurrent on
F
24
, with the admissible choices labeled by the semisimple Lie algebras of dimension 24. We also discuss how
F
24
, with any such choice of supercurrent, can be obtained via orbifolding from another distinguished
c
= 12 holomorphic SCFT, the
N
= 1 supersymmetric version of the chiral CFT based on the
E
8
lattice.
A
bstract
We examine the large
N
1/4-BPS spectrum of the symmetric orbifold CFT Sym
N
(
M
) deformed to the supergravity point in moduli space for
M
=
K
3 and
T
4
. We consider refinement under both ...left- and right-moving SU(2)
R
symmetries of the superconformal algebra, and decompose the spectrum into characters of the algebra. We find that at large
N
the character decomposition satisfies an unusual property, in which the degeneracy only depends on a certain linear combination of left- and right-moving quantum numbers, suggesting deeper symmetry structure. Furthermore, we consider the action of discrete symmetry groups on these degeneracies, where certain subgroups of the Conway group are known to play a role. We also comment on the potential for larger discrete symmetry groups to appear in the large
N
limit.
Mammalian embryogenesis requires intricate interactions between embryonic and extraembryonic tissues to orchestrate and coordinate morphogenesis with changes in developmental potential. Here, we ...combined mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and extraembryonic trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) in a three-dimensional scaffold to generate structures whose morphogenesis is markedly similar to that of natural embryos. By using genetically modified stem cells and specific inhibitors, we show that embryogenesis of ESC- and TSC-derived embryos-ETS-embryos-depends on cross-talk involving Nodal signaling. When ETS-embryos develop, they spontaneously initiate expression of mesoderm and primordial germ cell markers asymmetrically on the embryonic and extraembryonic border, in response to Wnt and BMP signaling. Our study demonstrates the ability of distinct stem cell types to self-assemble in vitro to generate embryos whose morphogenesis, architecture, and constituent cell types resemble those of natural embryos.
PDF
