Sustainable materials are urgently desired for treatment of radioactive cesium (Cs) contaminated water to safe-guard the public health. Apart from the synthetic ligand-based materials, the Mangrove ...charcoal modified adsorbent was fabricated for assessing of Cs removal from waste sample. The raw charcoal was oxidized using nitrification approach and diverse oxygen containing carboxyl, carbonyl and hydroxyl functional groups were introduced. After modification, the adsorbent characteristics were drastically changed as compared to the charcoal during the measurement of FTIR, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and SEM micrographs. The data clarified that charcoal modified adsorbent was exhibited high Cs transport through the inner surface of the adsorbent based on bonding ability. The adsorbent was shown comparatively slow kinetics to Cs ion; however, the adsorption capacity was high as 133.54 mg/g, which was higher than the crown ether based conjugate materials. The adsorption data were followed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherms and the monolayer coverage was possible due to the data presentation. The presence of high amount of Na and K were slightly interfered to the Cs adsorption by the charcoal modified adsorbent, however; the Na and K concentration was 350–600 folds higher than the Cs concentration. Then the proposed adsorbent was selective to Cs for the potential real radioactive Cs contaminated water. The volume reduction was established rather than desorption and reuses advantages. More than 99% volume reduction was measured by burning of Cs adsorbed adsorbent at 500 °C for ensuring the safe storage and disposal of used adsorbent. Therefore, the charcoal modified adsorbent may open the new door to treat the Cs containing wastewater.
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•A cellulosic charcoal modified adsorbent was fabricated for cesium (Cs) removal.•The adsorbent was selectively taken up Cs even in the presence of high-level Na & K.•The Cs adsorption was high as enormous functional groups as expected in adsorbent.•Volume reduction was established rather than desorption and reuses advantages.
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•An alternate composite material was fabricated for efficient Cu(II) ion capturing.•The material was highly sensitive toward the Cu(II) ion at optimum conditions.•The competing ions ...were not adversely affected the Cu(II) ion monitoring and adsorption.
The novel ligand based functionalized composite materials (CpMA) was fabricated using a highly porous silica and deployed as an effective materials for the effective monitoring and adsorption of copper (Cu(II)) ions from contaminated water. The application of CpMA was significantly intensified the monitoring and adsorption of Cu(II) ion at optimum experimental protocol. The organic ligand onto the mesoporous silica was the key factor for an efficient monitoring and adsorption of Cu(II) ion with optimum color formation. The effects of diverse experimental parameters such as solution pH, contact time, initial concentration, selectivity and sensitivity were measured systematically. The solution pH was played the key role for monitoring and adsorption and the present CpMA was worked well in acidic pH region at 3.50. The data clarified that the CpMA was able to detected with significant color formation even in the presence of ultra–trace Cu(II) ions, which was unique feature of the CpMA. The CpMA was offered simple, one–step monitoring procedure without the need of highly sophisticated apparatus. The low limit of detection was 0.36 µg/L based on the calibration curve. The CpMA was exhibited significant ion–selectivity toward the Cu(II) ion in the multi-mixture solution as environmental samples. The data revealed that the CpMA was selectively captured Cu(II) ions from binary and multi mixtures even in the presence of various competing ions. The adsorption isotherm was well described and the maximum adsorption capacity was as high as 189.35 mg/g. The elution of Cu(II) ions from the saturated CpMA was desorbed successfully with 0.30 M HCl. The regenerated material that remained maintained the high selectivity to Cu(II) ions and exhibited almost the same functionality as that of the original adsorbent. Therefore, the proposed CpMA offered a cost-effective and considered an alternative for effectively toxic Cu(II) ion capturing in real sample treatment.
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•Novel ligand based sensor material was prepared for rapid Cd(II) ion detection and adsorption.•The sensor can be sensitively detected the Cd(II) ion with high efficiency.•Novel ...sensor material was able to use in the real sample treatment in on-site analyses.
In this study, an optical sensor material was fabricated for sustainable detection and adsorption of cadmium (Cd(II)) ion in aqueous solution with specific color formation. The sulphur containing organic functional ligand was grafted onto the mesoporous silica monolith via direct immobilization method through chemical and electrostatic interaction. The sensor material was exhibited an enhanced sensitivity and distinct color and spectral response to Cd(II) ion in aqueous solution. Larger immobilization capacity of organic ligand on the carrier silica to stronger accumulation for Cd(II), and smaller one made the optical sensor have a faster and more sensitive response to the Cd(II) ion at optimum condition. The influence of pH, limit of detection, ion selectivity and Cd(II) ion adsorption capacity and the effect of eluent for the stripping of Cd(II) ion from sensor material over elution efficiency were measured. The sensor material offered a simple procedure in ultra-trace Cd(II) sensing optically without using high tech instruments. The Cd(II) ion detection limit of the presented sensor material was 0.36 µg/L at optimum conditions. The proposed sensor was exhibited with large surface area-to-volume ratios and uniformly mesostructures shaped pores that were actively working to selective capturing of Cd(II) ion. The adsorption data were well fitted to the Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 167.33 mg/g. The sensor was capable to detected the Cd(II) ion even in the presence of a high amount of coexisting diverse metal ions. Moreover, the adsorbed Cd(II) ion was completely eluted with 0.30 M HCl and simultaneously regenerated into the initial form for the next operation after washing with water. Therefore, the optical sensor material exhibited good stability and reusability which made it efficient for various adsorptive removal and detection applications.
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•Novel functionalized sensor material was fabricated for efficient Pb(II) detection and removal.•The detection was rapid and able to recognize trace-level Pb(II) ion in water ...solution.•The solution pH was key factor for sensitive and selective capturing of Pb(II) ions.
In developing countries, the lack of analytical infrastructures hindering the regular quality assessments of water quality. The access to affordable, portable and easy-to-use analytical technologies for real-time and on-site water monitoring is necessary to safeguard public health and protect the environment. In this connection, ligand based composite sensor material was successfully developed for optical detection and removal of toxic lead (Pb(II)) ion from water. The fabricated sensor was exhibited the specific functionality for Pb(II) detection and removal from aqueous media in ultra-trace level. The Pb(II) ion detection limit was defined as low as 0.24 µg/L with evolving specific color formation at optimum conditions. The solution acidity was the key point for the formation of specific color after addition of Pb(II) ion by the sensor material. The effect of diverse competing ions were not significantly affected in the Pb(II) ion detection. Moreover, the Pb(II) ion removal data were well fitted to the Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 155.27 mg/g. The prepared sensor was completely eluted with 0.20 M HCl after optimum Pb(II) adsorption and then simultaneously regenerated into the initial form for the next detection and removal operation after rinsing with water. The performance of the sensor material platform provides an alternative way to detect Pb(II) ion in trace level in real-life water samples. In addition, the methodology can lead to an affordable and portable diagnostic tool for rapid and on-site monitoring of heavy metals pollution in developing countries.
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•Novel ligand immobilized sensor material was fabricated for Yb(III) ion detection and adsorption.•The sensor material was able to detected the Yb(III) ion with immense ...sensitivity.•The sensor material was selective to Yb(III) ion due to the stable bonding ability.
In the present study, the novel organic ligand of N,N–bis(salicylidene)1,2–bis(2–aminophenylthio)ethane based optical sensor material was fabricated by direct immobilization approach. The resultant sensor material was maintained with a high surface area with ordered mesoporosity even after successful organic ligand immobilization. The application of ytterbium (Yb(III)) detection, adsorption and recovery was evaluated at an optimum experimental protocol with exhibition of significant color formation. The morphology, porosity, and structure of sensor material were surveyed and the possible mechanism for detection and adsorption of Yb(III) ion on the surface of the sensor material was assumed. The effect of solution pH was carefully evaluated for the determination of optimum experimental conditions. The experimental data clarified that the Yb(III) ion was detected and adsorbed by the sensor material at pH 3.50. The sensor material was able to detect the low concentration of Yb(III) ion as the detection limit was 0.20 µg/L. The data were revealed that the proposed sensor material was not affected with the existing competing ions and the signal intensity and specific color was observed only toward the Yb(III) ion at the experimental condition. The adsorption performance was well fitted with the Langmuir adsorption isothermal model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 169.31 mg/g. The recovery of Yb(III) ion from the sensor material was carried out by 0.30 M HNO3. The outcome of this study suggested a non-toxic, economical, stable, efficient, easy-to-use and novel optical sensor material for the detection, adsorption and recovery of Yb(III) ion from aqueous solutions.
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•The functional ligand-based conjugate materials were prepared for Eu(III) adsorption.•The materials exhibited high selectivity even in the presence of diverse foreign ions.•A high ...adsorption capacity (176.31 mg/g) was found in the Langmuir model.
The hybrid donor chemical ligand of 5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (THTB) was prepared and then embedded onto inorganic porous silica as hybrid conjugate materials (HCM). The Europium (Eu(III)) ion was selected from the lanthanides (Ln(III)) series for green and robust adsorption and recovery based on the adsorption, complexation, and selectivity tendency from the standpoint of the pH-dependent factor. The chemical compound of THTB consisted of O-, N-, and S-donor atoms and was able to make stable complexation with Ln(III) ions in optimum conditions due to the open functionality of the HCM. A surface complexation with a good complexation fitting to the experimentally collected data was used to describe the adsorption mechanism. The Eu(III) ion adsorption performance was measured with batch equilibrium methods. The affecting experimental protocols including solution pH, contact time, initial Eu(III) ion concentration, foreign ions effect, and recovery were carried out and evaluated consistently. The Eu(III) ion adsorption by the HCM was at pH 5.0 and this pH was selected to avoid the precipitation problem to ensure the adsorption mechanism. The co-existing several metal ions were not interfered with Eu(III) ion adsorption by the HCM due to the high affinity between Eu(III) ion and the functional groups of HCM. The bonding mechanism suggested that O-, N-, and S-donor atoms of THTB were strongly coordinated to Eu(III) with 2:1 ratio complexation. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm model was plotted due to the HCM morphology and applied to validate the adsorption isotherms according to the homogeneous ordered frameworks. The Eu(III) ion adsorption capacity by the HCM was 176.31 mg/g as expected because of the high surface area of the HCM. The adsorbed Eu(III) ion was completely eluted from HCM with the eluent of 0.20 M HNO3 and simultaneously regenerated into its initial form without significant deterioration. This study could be of great applicative utility for Eu(III) ions from waste aqueous solutions as green technology.
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•Cotton cloth was modified with chitosan for reactive dye removal from aqueous media.•The Remazol Brilliant Red F3B (RR) was sensitively removed by the modified composites.•The ...Langmuir isotherm was well-fitted with maximum adsorption of 169.33 mg/g.•The composite was reused in several cycles without losing the original performance.
Dye wastewater has a severe influence on the natural water environment. Using materials functioned by adsorption to remove dyes has received much attention due it’s to its high decolorization or removal efficiency. The study aims to complement chitosan-treated cotton composite material for toxic dye removal from contaminated water to save human health. The work identifies and analyses the removal of reactive dye (Remazol Brilliant Red F3B (RR)) and proffers its high adsorption ability with chitosan-cotton composite. The dye removal parameter was performed based on the solution pH, contact time, initial concentration, competing for ion affinity, maximum adsorption capacity, and reuses with potential use. The solution pH was shown important parameter to RR dye uptake and a suitable pH of 7.0 was selected according to high adsorption ability. The competing ions were not adversely affected in the dye adsorption as expected of a stable bonding mechanism. The adsorption results were highly fitted with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and the maximum adsorption was 169.33 mg/g. The chitosan-cotton composite displayed high reusability based on the elution and simultaneous regeneration ability. The adsorbed RR dye was eluted using ethanol and reused for the next operation after washing with water without significant deterioration.
With increasing the dye contamination scenes reported around the globe, the highly promising materials are needed to clean up the water to safeguard the human health. In this work, we have ...investigated the naturally available carbohydrate polymeric biodegradable adsorbent of wheat flour (WF) for the encapsulation of cationic Rhodamine B (RB) dye with high sensitivity and selectivity. The adsorbent was characterized to define the functional groups existing for complexation ability to the RB dye molecules. Adsorption studies were evaluated in batch mode with the function of solution acidity, contact time, initial RB concentration, competing ions existing and reusability with using eluent. The solution acidity was exhibited the key role, and the suitable pH 5.50 was selected based on the high adsorption efficiency and sensitivity nature. Moreover, the adsorption data were highly adjacent with the Langmuir adsorption isotherms model with monolayer coverage. The determined maximum adsorption was 142.26 mg/g, which was comparable with the other forms of adsorbents in the cationic dye adsorption operations. The competing ions were not adversely affected in the RB dye adsorption by the WF adsorbent due to the complexation ability. The WF adsorbent was exhibited the high reusability based on the elution and reuses performances. The adsorbed RB dye elution was evaluated using ethanol and then the WF adsorbent was ready to use for RB dye adsorption after washing with water without significant loss in its functionality. Therefore, the biodegradable natural carbohydrate polymeric WF adsorbent will attract the scientific community as suitable bio-adsorbent for efficient cationic dye removal from contaminated water as well as the production of value-added adsorbent for water treatments for safeguarding the public health.
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•Toxic dye removal was assessed using natural biodegradable polymeric adsorbent.•The adsorbents were exhibited high removal efficiency with immense sensitivity.•The competing ions were not interfered due to specific complexation mechanism.
Materials with regulated nanoscale morphology provide capabilities to remove dangerous pollutants from wastewater, by adsorption. In this study, the chitosan-based composite fibrous adsorbent was ...fabricated and used as a novel and facile eliminator in the process of removing cationic methyl orange (MO) from the water medium. Different methods were applied to check the properties of the desired composite fibrous adsorbent. The removal value showed that the chitosan-embedded composite fibrous adsorbent has super characteristics and can be removed the organic dye from the water. The influence of pH, time, temperature, eliminator quantity, and MO content was explored. With increasing time and eliminator quantity, the adsorption efficiency increased. The composite fibrous adsorbent with the advantage of its high functionality and combined micro-nanomorphology features, has emerged as a very promising candidate for obtaining versatile and robust adsorbents. This work presents how the tunned synthesis of composite fibrous adsorbent tailored their nanoarchitecture giving rise to adsorption capacities toward cleaning aqueous samples polluted with MO dye. The composite fibrous adsorbent was prepared by the direct immobilization method, with normal aging temperature, in order to study the effect of synthesis conditions on the adsorption properties of MO dye. The solution acidity was exhibited as the key factor, and a suitable pH of 5.50 was selected based on the efficiency. The competing ions were not adversely affected in the dye adsorption as defined by the stable bonding mechanism. The adsorption data were highly fitted with the Langmuir adsorption model with monolayer coverage. The determined maximum adsorption was 175.45 mg/g, which was comparable with the other forms of materials. The adsorbed MO dye elution was evaluated using ethanol and then the composite fibrous adsorbent was ready to use for MO dye adsorption after washing with water without significant loss in its functionality. Therefore, we explored the tunned morphology of composite fibrous adsorbent for obtaining performant adsorbents for the elimination of refractory pollutants in wastewater.
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•Cotton fabric was modified with chitosan for toxic dye removal assessment.•The dye was highly removed with high adsorption capacity in the Langmuir adsorption model.•The composite fibrous adsorbent exhibited recyclability without significant deterioration.
The organic ligand of 3–(((5–ethoxybenzenethiol)imino)methyl)–salicylic acid (EBMS) was synthesized and then immobilized onto the mesoporous silica for the fabrication of facial composite adsorbent ...(FCA). The FCA was successfully utilized for the heavy lanthanide of Thulium(Tm(III)) separation, adsorption, and recovery in the solid-liquid approach. The FCA characterizations and affecting experimental parameters were assessed systematically. The Tm(III) ion was selected due to the high adsorption ability of the FCA according to the intra-series separation behaviors. The solution pH played a key role based on hydroxide formation in the basic pH region and a slightly acidic pH (3.50) was selected based on the high adsorption ability. The FCA was shown high kinetic performance and diverse competing metal ions did not interfere with Tm(III) adsorption. The Tm(III) adsorption was well-fitted with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model with monolayer coverage and the maximum adsorption capacity was determined as 168.57 mg/g. The Tm(III) ion was strongly coordinated with the EBMS and the expected bond distance between Tm-N was shorter than the other bond length of Tm-S atoms in the complexation mechanism. The adsorbed Tm(III) ion was completely desorbed from the FCA with the suitable eluent of 0.25 M HNO3 and then simultaneously regenerated the FCA into the initial form without significant deterioration in the original functionality. The highest selectivity and maximum adsorption capacity of FCA to Tm(III) ions indicated that the proposed EBMS ligand-based composite adsorbent high potentiality to separate and recover the Tm(III) ions from waste samples effectively.
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•The ligand-impregnated composite adsorbent was fabricated for Tm(III) separation and recovery.•The competing ions did not interfere with Tm(III) adsorption indicating high selectivity.•The maximum adsorption capacity of the composite adsorbent was as high as 168.57 mg/g.
