Abstract
Aiming at the limitation of single sensor detection and the deficiency of low information utilization rate in distributed fusion mode, according to the characteristics of strong energy and ...long propagation distance on free surface of seismic wave and the advantages of centralized fusion detection method, a centralized fusion detection algorithm based on Neyman-Pearson criterion is proposed. The probability formula of single sensor detection and centralized fusion detection is deduced and simulated. Through the experiment of ground maneuvering target, it is proved that the algorithm can effectively improve the detection probability and performance of the target.
Clouds severely hinder the radiative transmission of visible light; thus, correctly masking cloudy and non-cloudy pixels is a preliminary step in processing ocean color remote sensing data. However, ...cloud masking over turbid waters is prone to misjudgment, leading to loss of non-cloudy pixel data. This research proposes an improved cloud masking method over turbid water to classify cloudy and non-cloudy pixels based on spectral variability of Rayleigh-corrected reflectance acquired by the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI). Compared with other existing cloud masking methods, we demonstrated that this improved method can identify the spatial positions and shapes of clouds more realistically, and more accurate pixels of turbid waters were retained. This improved method can be effectively applied in typical turbid coastal waters. It has potential to be used in cloud masking procedures of spaceborne ocean color sensors without short-wave infrared bands.
In view of the deficiencies in traditional visual water surface object detection, such as the existence of non-detection zones, failure to acquire global information, and deficiencies in a ...single-shot multibox detector (SSD) object detection algorithm such as remote detection and low detection precision of small objects, this study proposes a water surface object detection algorithm from panoramic vision based on an improved SSD. We reconstruct the backbone network for the SSD algorithm, replace VVG16 with a ResNet-50 network, and add five layers of feature extraction. More abundant semantic information of the shallow feature graph is obtained through a feature pyramid network structure with deconvolution. An experiment is conducted by building a water surface object dataset. Results showed the mean Average Precision (mAP) of the improved algorithm are increased by 4.03%, compared with the existing SSD detecting Algorithm. Improved algorithm can effectively improve the overall detection precision of water surface objects and enhance the detection effect of remote objects.
Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to explore the stigma and related influencing factors in individuals with chronic insomnia disorder (CID).
Methods
A total of 70 CID patients and ...70 healthy controls (CON) were enrolled in the study. All subjects completed the assessments of sleep, emotion, and cognition. Their stigma and life quality were measured using the Chronic Stigma Scale and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36).
Results
The ratio of individuals with stigma was significantly different between CID and CON groups (C
2
= 35.6,
p
< 0.001). Compared with the CON group, the CID group had higher scores for total stigma (U = 662.0,
p
< 0.001), internalized stigma (U = 593.0,
p
< 0.001), enacted stigma (U = 1568.0,
p
< 0.001), PSQI (U = 2485.0,
p
< 0.001) and HAMD-17 (U = 69.5,
p
< 0.001) as well as lower scores for MoCA-C (U = 3997.5,
p
< 0.001) and most items of SF-36. Partial correlation analysis showed that different items of the Chronic Stigma Scale were positively correlated with illness duration, PSQI and HAMD-17 scores, while negatively correlated with one or more items of the SF-36. Multivariate regression analysis showed that illness duration and the Mental Health domain of the SF-36 were independent risk factors for one or more items of stigma in CID patients.
Conclusion
Patients with CID have an increased risk of stigma. Moreover, illness duration and Mental Health may be primary factors related to stigma.
In the present study, a novel water-soluble polysaccharide (DNP-1) was isolated and purified from the root of
via column chromatography. Structural analyses indicated that DNP-1 had a linear backbone ...consisting of (2→1)-linked β-D- fructofuranosyl residues, ending with a (2→1) bonded α-D-glucopyranose. DNP-1 was a homogeneous polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3.7 kDa. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of DNP-1 was investigated in vitro. The concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including NO, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-2, and IL-6, in the DNP-1 treatment group was suppressed in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. DNP-1 was able to improve inflammatory injury by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These investigations into this polysaccharide from the root of
provide a scientific basis for the further development of this plant. The results indicate that this
polysaccharide could be used as a potential natural source for the treatment of inflammatory injury.
Compared with those in adenocarcinoma, PIK3CA mutations are more common in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which arises from stratified squamous epithelia that are usually exposed to adverse ...environmental factors. Although hotspot mutations in exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA, including E542K, E545K, H1047L and H1047R, are frequently encountered in the clinic, their clinicopathological meaning remains to be determined in the context of SCC. Considering that few reviews on PIK3CA mutations in SCC are available in the literature, we undertook this review to shed light on the clinical significance of PIK3CA mutations, mainly regarding the implications and ramifications of PIK3CA mutations in malignant cell behavior, prognosis, relapse or recurrence and chemo- or radioresistance of SCC. It should be noted that only those studies regarding SCC in which PIK3CA was mutated were cherry-picked, which fell within the scope of this review. However, the role of mutated PIK3CA in adenocarcinoma has not been discussed. In addition, mutations occurring in other main members of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway other than PIK3CA were also excluded.
Cephalanthus tetrandrus (Roxb.) Ridsd. et Badh. F. (CT) belongs to the Rubiaceae family. Its dried leaves are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat enteritis, dysentery, toothache, ...furuncles, swelling, traumatic injury, fracture, bleeding, and scalding. In order to further clarify the unknown chemical composition of CT, a rapid strategy based on UHPLC-Q-exactive orbitrap was established for this analysis using a Thermo Scientific Hypersil GOLDTM aQ (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.9 µm) chromatographic column. The mobile phase was 0.1% formic acid water–acetonitrile, with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min and injection volume of 2 µL; for mass spectrometry, an ESI ion source in positive and negative ion monitoring modes was adopted. A total of 135 chemicals comprising 67 chlorogenic acid derivatives, 48 flavonoids, and 20 anthocyanin derivatives were identified by comparing the mass spectrum information with standard substances, public databases, and the literature, which were all discovered for the first time in this plant. This result broadly expands the chemical composition of CT, which will contribute to understanding of its effectiveness and enable quality control.
To examine serum concentrations of aquaporin-4 (AQP4), connexin-30 (CX30), connexin-43 (CX43), and their correlations with cognitive function in the patients with chronic insomnia disorder (CID).
We ...enrolled 76 subjects with CID and 32 healthy controls (HCs). Serum levels of AQP4, CX30, and CX43 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and polysomnography, and mood was evaluated with 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Chinese-Beijing Version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-C) and Nine Box Maze Test.
The serum levels of AQP4, CX43, and CX30 were significantly reduced in the CID group compared to the HCs. Partial correlation analysis showed that the biomarkers showed no significant correlations with PSQI score, AHI, ODI and TS90, but AQP4, CX43, and CX30 were positively associated with the percentage and total time of slow wave sleep in the CID group. Serum concentrations of AQP4 and CX30 were positively associated with MoCA-C score in the CID group, and AQP4 level negatively correlated with spatial working memory errors.
Subjects with CID patients have decreased serum levels of AQP4, CX30, and CX43 indicating astrocyte dysfunction, which could be related to poor objective sleep quality and/or cognition dysfunction.
Coccolithophores are one of the dominant algae in Arctic oceans and play an essential role in the carbon cycle given that they are the primary source of ocean particulate inorganic carbon (PIC). ...Ocean color remote sensing provides a powerful tool to observe the variation in coccolithophore blooms; however, heavy cloud cover prohibits satellite observation coverage and frequency in Arctic oceans, which causes uncertainties in characterizing the phenological features of coccolithophore blooms. In this study, a machine learning-based empirical approach was developed to extend the quantity of existing standard PIC products from ocean color satellite observations for coccolithophore bloom waters under cloud cover conditions. Results showed that the machine learning-based approach successfully recovered the PIC product from cloud cover conditions and filled the data gap generated by the default PIC algorithm. The new approach profoundly increased the frequency and coverage of ocean color satellite observations of PIC during coccolithophore blooms and provided detailed information in characterizing the phenology features of coccolithophore blooms. Further evaluation revealed that the machine learning-based approach has great potential applicability to derive PIC under cloud cover conditions in other regions.
The involvement of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein 13 (MRPL13) gene in the development of adenocarcinoma has been previously reported. However, the clinicopathological significance of MRPL13 in ...squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remains poorly understood. To gain insight into the clinicopathological and immunological implications of MRPL13 expression in SCC, we conducted a bioinformatic analysis utilizing various available databases, including TIMER 2.0, Xiantao academic tool and TISIDB, attempting to evaluate the abnormal expression, prognosis and immunological correlation of MRPL13 in the pan-SCC setting. Subsequently, we conducted experimental verification using an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissue array subjected to multiplexed immunofluorescent (mIF) staining. The ESCC tissue array we used consists of 93 dots of ESCC and 86 dots of matched adjacent normal tissues (ANT). Data from in silico analyses showed that MRPL13 mRNA is significantly up-regulated and correlated with infiltration of CD8+ T cells in pan-SCC. However, in silico analyses did not support the prognostic role of MRPL13 in SCC. Consistently, data from the ESCC tissue array showed that MRPL13 was remarkably elevated in ESCC tissues relative to ANT in stroma, which was controlled by pan-cytokeratin (pan-CK) staining. In the epithelia, no significant difference was identified between ESCC and ANT. Furthermore, MRPL13 expression markedly correlated with the infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the stromal region but not in the epithelial region. Prognostically, no significant association was observed between MRPL13 expression and overall survival, regardless of epithelial or stromal section. Through these pan-SCC analyses, we have expanded the understanding of MRPL13 previously reported, in particular, underscoring the immunological involvement of MRPL13 in the tumor microenvironment of SCC that has been under-recognized before, suggesting that MRPL13 may regulate the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the SCC microenvironment.
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