Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are unique RNA transcripts that have been widely identified in the eukaryotic genome and have been shown to play key roles in the development of many cancers. However, the ...rapid development of genome-wide translation profiling and ribosome profiling has revealed that a small number of small open reading frames (sORFs) within ncRNAs actually have peptide- or protein-coding potential. The peptides or proteins encoded by ncRNA (HOXB-AS3, encoded by long ncRNA lncRNA; FBXW7-185aa, PINT-87aa, and SHPRH-146aa, encoded by circular RNA circRNA; and miPEP-200a and miPEP-200b, encoded by primary miRNAs) have been shown to be critical players in cancer development and progression, through effects upon the regulation of glucose metabolism, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the ubiquitination pathway. In this review, we summarize the reported peptides or proteins encoded by ncRNAs in cancer and explore the application of these peptides or proteins in the development of anti-tumor drugs and the identification of relevant therapeutic targets and tumor biomarkers.
A small number of small open reading frames (sORFs) within non-coding (ncRNAs) have peptide- or protein-coding potential and play critical roles in several types of human cancer. The peptides or proteins encoded by ncRNAs should become a new resource to develop more effective antitumor drugs, targets, and biomarkers in the clinical management of cancer.
Spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) is one of the most promising high voltage cathode materials for future application due to its advantages of large reversible capacity, high thermal stability, low cost, ...environmental friendliness, and high energy density. LNMO can provide 20% and 30% higher energy density than traditional cathode materials LiCoO2 and LiFePO4, respectively. Unfortunately, LNMO-based batteries with LiPF6-based carbonate electrolytes always suffer from severe capacity deterioration and poor thermostability because of the oxidization of organic carbonate solvents and decomposition of LiPF6, especially at elevated temperatures and water-containing environment. Hence, it is necessary to systematically and comprehensively summarize the progress in understanding and modifying LNMO cathode from various aspects. In this review, the structure, transport properties and different reported possible fading mechanisms of LNMO cathode are first discussed detailedly. And then, the major goal of this review is to highlight new progress in using proposed strategies to improve the cycling stability and rate capacity of LNMO-based batteries, including synthesis, control of special morphologies, element doping and surface coating etc., especially at elevated temperatures. Finally, an insight into the future research and further development of LNMO cathode is discussed.
•Progress in understanding and modifying LNMO from various aspects is summarized.•Possible fading mechanisms of LNMO are discussed in details for the first time.•Key strategies for improving the cycling stability of LNMO is discussed.•Strategies in the development of LNMO-based batteries are discussed.
Abstract
The recent advanced LIGO/Virgo detections of gravitational waves (GWs) from stellar binary black hole (BBH) mergers, in particular GW190521, which is potentially associated with a quasar, ...have stimulated renewed interest in active galactic nuclei as factories of merging BBHs. Compact objects evolving from massive stars are unavoidably enshrouded by a massive envelope to form accretion-modified stars (AMSs) in the dense gaseous environment of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) accretion disk. We show that most AMSs form binaries due to gravitational interaction with each other during radial migration in the SMBH disk, forming BBHs inside the AMS. When a BBH is born, its orbit is initially governed by the tidal torque of the SMBH. Bondi accretion onto a BBH at a hyper-Eddington rate naturally develops and then controls the evolution of its orbits. We find that Bondi accretion leads to efficient removal of the orbital angular momentum of the binary, whose final merger produces a GW burst. Meanwhile, the Blandford–Znajek mechanism pumps the spin energy of the merged BH to produce an electromagnetic counterpart (EMC). Moreover, hyper-Eddington accretion onto the BBH develops powerful outflows and triggers a Bondi explosion, which manifests itself as an EMC of the GW burst, depending on the viscosity of the accretion flow. Thermal emission from the Bondi sphere appears as one of the EMCs. The BBHs radiate GWs with frequencies of ∼10
2
Hz, which are accessible to LIGO.
Display omitted
In this work, a rational design and construction of porous spherical NiO@NiMoO4 wrapped with PPy was reported for the application of high-performance supercapacitor (SC). The results ...show that the NiMoO4 modification changes the morphology of NiO, and the hollow internal morphology combined with porous outer shell of NiO@NiMoO4 and NiO@NiMoO4@PPy hybrids shows an increased specific surface area (SSA), and then promotes the transfer of ions and electrons. The shell of NiMoO4 and PPy with high electronic conductivity decreases the charge-transfer reaction resistance of NiO, and then improves the electrochemical kinetics of NiO. At 20Ag−1, the initial capacitances of NiO, NiMoO4, NiO@NiMoO4 and NiO@NiMoO4@PPy are 456.0, 803.2, 764.4 and 941.6Fg−1, respectively. After 10,000 cycles, the corresponding capacitances are 346.8, 510.8, 641.2 and 904.8Fg−1, respectively. Especially, the initial capacitance of NiO@NiMoO4@PPy is 850.2Fg−1, and remains 655.2Fg−1 with a high retention of 77.1% at 30Ag−1 even after 30,000 cycles. The calculation result based on density function theory shows that the much stronger Mo-O bonds are crucial for stabilizing the NiO@NiMoO4 composite, resulting in a good cycling stability of these materials.
An acute respiratory disease, caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China and received worldwide ...attention. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic and large-scale epidemic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. As of 1 March 2020, a total of 87,137 confirmed cases globally, 79,968 confirmed in China and 7169 outside of China, with 2977 deaths (3.4%) had been reported by WHO. Meanwhile, several independent research groups have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to β-coronavirus, with highly identical genome to bat coronavirus, pointing to bat as the natural host. The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as that for SARS-CoV, and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract. Importantly, increasingly evidence showed sustained human-to-human transmission, along with many exported cases across the globe. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever, cough, fatigue and a small population of patients appeared gastrointestinal infection symptoms. The elderly and people with underlying diseases are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes, which may be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cytokine storm. Currently, there are few specific antiviral strategies, but several potent candidates of antivirals and repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19, and discussed the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus.
Twist is a critical epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducing transcription factor that increases expression of vimentin. How Twist1 regulates this expression remains unclear. Here, we report ...that Twist1 regulates Cullin2 (Cul2) circular RNA to increase expression of vimentin in EMT. Twist1 bound the Cul2 promoter to activate its transcription and to selectively promote expression of Cul2 circular RNA (circ-10720), but not mRNA. circ-10720 positively correlated with Twist1, tumor malignance, and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Twist1 promoted vimentin expression by increasing levels of circ-10720, which can absorb miRNAs that target vimentin. circ-10720 knockdown counteracted the tumor-promoting activity of Twist1
and in patient-derived xenograft and diethylnitrosamine-induced TetOn-Twist1 transgenic mouse HCC models. These data unveil a mechanism by which Twist1 regulates vimentin during EMT. They also provide potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment and provide new insight for circular RNA (circRNA)-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
A circRNA-based mechanism drives Twist1-mediated regulation of vimentin during EMT and provides potential therapeutic targets for treatment of HCC.
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/15/4150/F1.large.jpg
.
This study compared the effects of pre-transplantation minimal residual disease (pre-MRD) on outcomes in AML patients who underwent human leukocyte antigen-matched sibling donor transplantation ...(MSDT) or who received unmanipulated haploidentical allografts.
A retrospective study (n = 339) and a prospective study (n = 340) were performed. MRD was determined using multiparameter flow cytometry.
Either after retrospective or prospective analysis, patients with negative pre-MRD (pre-MRDneg) had a lower incidence of relapse than those with positive pre-MRD (pre-MRDpos) in MSDT settings (P < 0.001 for all), but relapse was comparable in Haplo-SCT settings for patients with pre-MRDneg versus pre-MRDpos (P = 0.866 and 0.161, respectively). In either the retrospective (n = 65) or the prospective study (n = 76), pre-MRDpos subjects receiving Haplo-SCT experienced a lower incidence of relapse than those who underwent MSDT (P < 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively). Of the patients with pre-MRDpos in either the total (n = 141) or the subgroup excluding cases which received donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI; n = 105), those who underwent MSDT had a higher incidence of relapse than those receiving haplo-SCT (P < 0.01 for all). Multivariate analysis showed that, for pre-MRDpos cases, haplo-SCT was associated with a low incidence of relapse and with better LFS and OS in either retrospective group, prospective group, combination groups, or subgroup not including cases which received DLI.
The results indicated that, for pre-MRD-positive AML patients, haplo-SCT was associated with lower incidence of relapse and better survival, suggesting a stronger anti-leukemia effect.
In this paper, in the process of digitization of stylistic features in English translation teaching, the simulated stylistic features in English translation teaching activities are quantified and ...pre-emphasized to obtain the decoder of stylistic features of English translation with higher precision, and the stylistic features recognition algorithm in English translation teaching is designed, and the results of the stylistic features recognition in English translation teaching can be obtained by substituting the initial data into the recognition algorithm. Based on stylistic feature recognition, combined with the post-particle swarm optimization algorithm and artificial neural network to construct the stylistic feature analysis model in English translation teaching, and use the method of statistical analysis to analyze the differences of stylistic features in English translation teaching. The results show that the rank means value of auxiliary is the highest, reaching 209.81, the lowest is a preposition (145.17), and the conjunction and adverb are 154.17 and 157.45 respectively, which indicates that auxiliary has the strongest variability of features in the translation of English novels, and this study enables students to have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the text, to grasp the stylistic features of the text, and to improve the students’ comprehensive English language ability and translation level.
Despite many decades of study, the kinematics of the broad-line region of 3C 273 are still poorly understood. We report a new, high signal-to-noise, reverberation mapping campaign carried out from ...2008 November to 2018 March that allows the determination of time lags between emission lines and the variable continuum with high precision. The time lag of variations in Hβ relative to those of the 5100 continuum is days in the rest frame, which agrees very well with the Paschen- region measured by the GRAVITY at The Very Large Telescope Interferometer. The time lag of the Hγ emission line is found to be nearly the same as that for Hβ. The lag of the Fe ii emission is days, longer by a factor of ∼2 than that of the Balmer lines. The velocity-resolved lag measurements of the Hβ line show a complex structure that can be possibly explained by a rotation-dominated disk with some inflowing radial velocity in the Hβ-emitting region. Taking the virial factor of fBLR = 1.3, we derive a BH mass of and an accretion rate of from the Hβ line. The decomposition of its Hubble Space Telescope images yields a host stellar mass of , and a ratio of in agreement with the Magorrian relation. In the near future, it is expected to compare the geometrically thick BLR discovered by the GRAVITY in 3C 273 with its spatially resolved torus in order to understand the potential connection between the BLR and the torus.
Disease ontology (DO) annotates human genes in the context of disease. DO is important annotation in translating molecular findings from high-throughput data to clinical relevance. DOSE is an R ...package providing semantic similarity computations among DO terms and genes which allows biologists to explore the similarities of diseases and of gene functions in disease perspective. Enrichment analyses including hypergeometric model and gene set enrichment analysis are also implemented to support discovering disease associations of high-throughput biological data. This allows biologists to verify disease relevance in a biological experiment and identify unexpected disease associations. Comparison among gene clusters is also supported.
DOSE is released under Artistic-2.0 License. The source code and documents are freely available through Bioconductor (http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/DOSE.html).
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
gcyu@connect.hku.hk or tqyhe@jnu.edu.cn.
PDF
