Through numerical simulations, it is predicted that the gravitational waves (GWs) reflect the characteristics of the core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explosion mechanism. There are multiple GW ...excitation processes that occur inside a star before its explosion, and it is suggested that the GWs originating from the CCSN have a mode for each excitation process in terms of time-frequency representation. Therefore, we propose an application of the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), which is a high-resolution time-frequency analysis method, to analyze these GW modes for theoretically probing and increasing our understanding of the explosion mechanism. The HHT defines frequency as a function of time, and is not bound by the trade-off between time and frequency resolutions. In this study, we analyze a gravitational waveform obtained from a three-dimensional general-relativistic CCSN model that showed a vigorous activity of the standing-accretion-shock-instability (SASI). We succeed in extracting the SASI induced GWs with high resolution on a time-frequency representation using the HHT and we examine their instantaneous frequencies.
For successful ablation of ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia, estimation of its origin prior to the procedure can be useful. Morphology and lead placement in the right thoracic area may be useful ...for this purpose. Electrocardiography using synthesized right-sided chest leads (Syn-V3R, Syn-V4R, and Syn-V5R) is performed using standard leads without any additional leads. This study evaluated the usefulness of synthesized right-sided chest leads in estimating the origin of ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia.
This retrospective study included 63 patients in whom successful ablation of ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia was performed. Numbers of arrhythmias originating from the left ventricle, the septum of the right ventricle, and the free wall of the right ventricle were 11, 40, and 13, respectively. In one patient, two different left ventricular outflow tract origins were found. Electrocardiographic recordings from right-sided chest leads were divided into three types as follows: those in which an R > S concordance, a transitional zone, or an R < S concordance were detected. In all left arrhythmia cases, R > S concordance was observed. A transitional zone was evident in 34 of 40 cases of right ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia originating in the ventricular septum, and an R < S concordance was observed in 6 of the 40 cases. However, an R < S concordance was found in all cases of right ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia originating in the free wall.
Synthesized right-sided chest lead electrocardiography may be useful for estimating the origin of ventricular outflow tract arrhythmia.
A soft contact-lens (SCL) biosensor for in-situ tear sugar monitoring was fabricated and tested. In contrast to the previously reported continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices, we focused on the ...relationship between blood glucose and tear glucose. The SCL biosensor was constructed by applying microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) techniques to functional polymers. The sensor has film electrodes on the surface of a rounded surface of polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) contact-lens and glucose oxidase (GOD) was immobilized on the sensing region of the electrodes. Sufficiently adhesive and flexible electrodes were formed on the polymer device (PDMS and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymer). In the in-vitro characterization, the SCL-biosensor showed excellent relationship between the output current and glucose concentration from 0.03 to 10.0 mmol/L, which included the reported tear glucose concentrations (0.14 mM) of humans. Based on the result, in-situ tear glucose monitoring with the SCL-biosensor was carried out. The output current of the SCL-biosensor was sufficiently stable and reflected the tear glucose levels. The static glucose level in the basal tear of a rabbit was measured and estimated to 0.13 mmol/L. Since the biosensor was also possible to be sotored for more than 50 days, daily disposable application was expected with the SCL biosensor.
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