Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers and is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Approximately 40% of global gastric cancer cases occur in China, with peritoneal ...metastasis being the prevalent form of recurrence and metastasis in advanced disease. Currently, there are limited clinical approaches for predicting and treatment of peritoneal metastasis, resulting in a 6-month average survival time. By comprehensive genome analysis will uncover the pathogenesis of peritoneal metastasis. Here we describe a comprehensive whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing analysis of one advanced gastric cancer case, including non-cancerous mucosa, primary cancer and matched peritoneal metastatic cancer. The peripheral blood is used as normal control. We identified 27 mutated genes, of which 19 genes are reported in COSMIC database (ZNF208, CRNN, ATXN3, DCTN1, RP1L1, PRB4, PRB1, MUC4, HS6ST3, MUC17, JAM2, ITGAD, IREB2, IQUB, CORO1B, CCDC121, AKAP2, ACAN and ACADL), and eight genes have not previously been described in gastric cancer (CCDC178, ARMC4, TUBB6, PLIN4, PKLR, PDZD2, DMBT1and DAB1).Additionally,GPX4 and MPND in 19q13.3-13.4 region, is characterized as a novel fusion-gene. This study disclosed novel biological markers and tumorigenic pathways that would predict gastric cancer occurring peritoneal metastasis.
Abstract
Based on the database monitored by the 1.26 m National Astronomical Observatory–Guangzhou University Infrared/Optical Telescope, we studied the optical variabilities of FSRQ 3C454.3. The ...monitoring period was from 2016 October 17 to 2018 December 14, and there were 6701 observations covering the
g
,
r,
and
i
bands (2196 at the
g
band, 2214 at the
r
band, and 2291 at the
i
band). (1) The maximum variabilities were Δ
m
g
= 2.806 ± 0.124 mag at the
g
band; Δ
m
r
= 2.365 ± 0.160 mag at the
r
band; and Δ
m
i
= 3.126 ± 0.070 mag at the
i
band. (2) Among the
gri
intraday lightcurves, there are 172 portions of the data sets showing intraday variability (IDV). The distributions of IDV timescales (Δ
T
) can be profiled by a three-order Gaussian function, with the center values Δ
T
1
= 17.18 minutes, Δ
T
2
= 34.91 minutes, and Δ
T
3
= 68.92 minutes. These results imply that the origin of IDVs is very complicated. (3) Based on the IDV timescales, we obtained the emission size
R
≤ 7.17 × 10
15
cm, fixed the broad-line region and modeled the spectral energy distributions. (4) We used the Jurkevich method, red-noise fitting, and the weighted wavelet Z-transform to analyze the long-term variabilities and obtained indications of a possible period of
P
= 2.92 ± 0.85 yr, and used the binary black hole system to explain this period. Based on the long-term period, we can estimate the time until merger of the binary black hole,
t
merge
= 6.69 × 10
3
yr, and the luminosity of gravitational waves,
L
G
= 1.56 × 10
48
erg s
−1
.
Abstract
We have carried out a detailed study of individual pulse emission from the pulsar J2022+5154 (B2021+51), observed at 2250 MHz using the Jiamusi 66 m radio telescope. We have investigated the ...modulations in single-pulse behavior using fluctuation spectral analysis, which shows the presence of two prominent periodicities, around 5 and 40 rotation periods, respectively. The shorter periodicity is associated with the phenomenon of subpulse drifting. In the absence of aliasing, the emission pattern is demonstrated to consist of eight subbeams, which rotate around the magnetic axis in about 45 periods. In addition to subpulse drifting, the pulsar also shows the presence of periodic amplitude modulation with a longer periodicity in the single-pulse sequence. The pulsar joins a select group that shows the presence of periodic phase-modulated drifting as well as amplitude-modulated drifting. This provides further evidence for the two phenomena being distinct from each other with different physical origins.
Abstract
Assisted by the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission capturing unprecedented high-resolution data in the terrestrial magnetotail, we apply a local streamline-topology classification methodology ...to investigate the categorization of the magnetic field topological structures at kinetic scales in the turbulent reconnection outflow. It is found that strong correlations exist between the straining and rotational part of the velocity gradient tensor as well as the magnetic field gradient tensor. Strong energy dissipation prefers to occur at regions with high magnetic stress or current density, which is contributed mainly by O-type topologies. These results indicate that the kinetic structures with O-type topology play a more important role in energy dissipation in turbulent reconnection outflow.
Abstract
The dramatic changes in the magnetic field at the dipolarization front (DF) provide a suitable environment for electron acceleration, which usually can cause the flux enhancement of ...energetic electrons behind the front. However, it is unknown whether energetic electrons observed at the DF are energized locally, and which mechanism accelerates the electrons at the DF is unclear. Our study performs a direct quantitative analysis to reveal the acceleration process of energetic electrons at the DF using the high-time-resolution data from NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. The fluxes of energetic electrons at 90° are enhanced at the front. Under adiabatic conditions, our quantitative analysis indicates that these electrons at the front could be locally accelerated to over 100 keV by betatron acceleration. Eventually, the electron temperature anisotropy formed via the betatron mechanism could provide the free energy to excite whistler waves at the DF. Our quantitative study provides, for the first time, strong direct evidence for the local electron acceleration at the DF.
Observation of Interchange Reconnection on Mars Lin, R. T.; Huang, S. Y.; Yuan, Z. G. ...
Astrophysical journal/The Astrophysical journal,
01/2024, Letnik:
960, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Abstract
Without a global dipole magnetic field, Mars has magnetic anomalies, i.e., crustal fields, in the southern hemisphere and interesting flexible magnetic fields in the magnetotail. The ...magnetic field topology is complex and flexible in the Martian magnetotail, especially over regions of strong crustal fields. However, the answer to how the magnetic field topology within crustal field regions transitions is elusive. Here we report the first case of interchange reconnection between open and closed crustal fields in the near-Mars magnetotail, using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) observations. While MAVEN crossed from a region of closed crustal field to one of open crustal field, several characteristics of reconnection, such as the Hall magnetic field and plasma outflow, were observed. And plasmas are exchanged in the reconnection region. Our observations demonstrate that interchange reconnection can occur between open and closed crustal fields in the Martian near-magnetotail. Interchange reconnection occurring on the nightside changes the magnetic field topology within the crustal field regions and contributes to the escape of heavy ions.
Electron vortices are usually embedded within different magnetic structures in space plasmas. The effects, including the nonideal electric field, energy dissipation and magnetic field, of electron ...vortices on these magnetic structures are still unclear. Utilizing the unprecedented high‐resolution data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission in the terrestrial magnetosheath, we statistically investigate these effects on magnetic structures. Both nonideal electric fields and energy dissipation have no obvious correlations with the scales of electron vortices. However, compared to the scales, stronger correlations are found between the vorticities of electron vortices and nonideal electric fields, and energy dissipation, respectively. Most of electron vortices have positive contributions to magnetic fields of magnetic structures, such as strengthening the decrease (or increase) of Bt for current sheets and magnetic holes (or flux ropes and magnetic peaks). Our results reveal that the electron vortices play an important role in the evolution of magnetic structures.
Plain Language Summary
The magnetosheath exhibits various dynamical features such as heating and compression of the plasma, kinetic instabilities, particle beams and kinetic structures due to the highly dynamical environment in near‐Earth space. The electron vortices as the structure that manifests the in suit observations, including bipolar variations of electron velocity and large electron vorticity, have been revealed widely in the magnetosheath. However, the specific effects of electron vortices embedded within the magnetic structures on these magnetic structures are still unknown, especially in a statistical view. Thanks to the unprecedented high‐time resolution data of the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission in the magnetosheath, we investigated the effects, including the nonideal electric fields, energy dissipation and magnetic fields, of electron vortices on these magnetic structures. We find that the nonideal electric fields, energy dissipation inside the electron vortices is more significant than outside for most of magnetic structures, and more than half of electron vortices have positive effects on generating the measured magnetic field of these magnetic structures, which is helpful for understanding the subsequent evolution and interaction between them.
Key Points
The effects of nonideal electric field, energy dissipation and magnetic field of electron vortices on magnetic structures have been studied
The nonideal electric fields and energy dissipation are more correlated with the vorticities of electron vortices compared to their scales
Most of electron vortices have positive contributions to magnetic fields of magnetic structures
Sumoylation, a post-translational modification discovered over a decade ago, turns out to be a very important regulatory mechanism mediating multiple cellular processes. Recent studies from our ...laboratory and others also revealed that it plays a crucial role in regulating both differentiation and pathogenesis of the ocular lens. This review will summarize these progresses.
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