The bystin-like (
) gene is expressed in a wide range of eukaryotes and is closely associated with tumor progression. However, its function and mechanism in osteosarcoma remain unclear. Herein, the ...protein expression and clinical role of
in human osteosarcoma tissues were assessed. High expression of
was positively related to the metastasis status and poor patient prognosis. Mechanistically, upregulation of
enhanced Nrf2 expression under hypoxia in osteosarcoma cells. MicroRNAs are important epigenetic regulators of osteosarcoma development. Noteworthy, bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter and rescue assays showed that miR-378a-3p inhibited
expression by binding to its 3'-untranslated region. Analysis of miR-378a-3p function under hypoxia and normoxia showed that its upregulation suppressed osteosarcoma cells invasion and inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by suppressing
. Collectively, the results show that the miR-378a-3p/BYSL may associate with metastasis risk in osteosarcoma.
Hypoxia is a characteristic of solid tumors that can lead to tumor angiogenesis and early metastasis, and addressing hypoxia presents tremendous challenges. In this work, a nanomedicine based on ...oxygen-absorbing perfluorotributylamine (PFA) and the bioreductive prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ) was prepared by using a polydopamine (PDA)-coated UiO-66 metal organic framework (MOF) as the drug carrier.
The results showed that TPZ/PFA@UiO-66@PDA nanoparticles significantly enhanced hypoxia, induced cell apoptosis in vitro through the oxygen-dependent HIF-1α pathway and decreased oxygen levels in vivo after intratumoral injection. In addition, our study demonstrated that TPZ/PFA@UiO-66@PDA nanoparticles can accumulate in the tumor region after tail vein injection and effectively inhibit tumor growth when combined with photothermal therapy (PTT). TPZ/PFA@UiO-66@PDA nanoparticles increased HIF-1α expression while did not promote the expression of CD31 in vivo during the experiment.
By using TPZ and PFA and the enhanced permeability and retention effect of nanoparticles, TPZ/PFA@UiO-66@PDA can target tumor tissues, enhance hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment, and activate TPZ. Combined with PTT, the growth of osteosarcoma xenografts can be effectively inhibited.
N-type polycrystalline SnSe is considered as a highly promising candidates for thermoelectric applications due to facile processing, machinability, and scalability. However, existing efforts do not ...enable a peak ZT value exceeding 2.0 in n-type polycrystalline SnSe. Here, we realized a significant ZT enhancement by leveraging the synergistic effects of divacancy defect and introducing resonance level into the conduction band. The resonance level and increased density of states resulting from tungsten boost the Seebeck coefficient. The combination of the enhanced electrical conductivity (achieved by increasing carrier concentration through WCl
doping and Se vacancies) and large Seebeck coefficient lead to a high power factor. Microstructural analyses reveal that the co-existence of divacancy defects (Se vacancies and Sn vacancies) and endotaxial W- and Cl-rich nanoprecipitates scatter phonons effectively, resulting in ultralow lattice conductivity. Ultimately, a record-high peak ZT of 2.2 at 773 K is achieved in n-type SnSe
+ 0.03WCl
.
Recently the metastable 1T′‐type VIB‐group transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted extensive attention due to their rich and intriguing physical properties, including ...superconductivity, valleytronics physics, and topological physics. Here, a new layered WS2 dubbed “2M” WS2, is constructed from 1T′ WS2 monolayers, is synthesized. Its phase is defined as 2M based on the number of layers in each unit cell and the subordinate crystallographic system. Intrinsic superconductivity is observed in 2M WS2 with a transition temperature Tc of 8.8 K, which is the highest among TMDs not subject to any fine‐tuning process. Furthermore, the electronic structure of 2M WS2 is found by Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations and first‐principles calculations to have a strong anisotropy. In addition, topological surface states with a single Dirac cone, protected by topological invariant Z2, are predicted through first‐principles calculations. These findings reveal that the new 2M WS2 might be an interesting topological superconductor candidate from the VIB‐group transition metal dichalcogenides.
A new crystal structure of WS2, 2M, is reported. It belongs to the 1T′‐phase family, members of which exhibit W–W zigzag chains along the b axis. Superconductivity with Tc of 8.8 K is reported in these 2M WS2 crystals. Moreover, calculations show that a topological surface state exists on the their surface, making them potential candidates for topological superconductors.
Multifunctional core-shell hybrids formed by integration of metal-organic framework (MOF) and functional materials have attracted extensive attention as promising theranostic nanoplatforms due to ...their combined novel properties and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. Recently, the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) laser-induced photothermal therapy (PTT) as compared to the NIR-I(700–950 nm) laser-induced PTT has displayed improved therapeutic effects owing to its merits that include deeper tissue penetration and increased maximum permissible exposure. Herein, a novel core-shell hollow copper sulfide@metal−organic framework (HCuS@MIL-100) has been successfully fabricated by a layer-by-layer technique for the first time and their collective theranostic effects are investigated in vitro and in vivo. In this platform, the inner HCuS was applied as the NIR-II photothermal agent with excellent NIR-II absorption feature, leading to impressive photothermal effects under irradiation by 1064 nm light. With MIL-100 as the shell, HCuS@MIL-100 not only displayed optimal biocompatibility but also presented superior T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ability. In the current study multifunctional hollow core-shell HCuS@MIL-100 are fabricated for the MRI-guided PTT. This study also offers a facile and effective strategy for the development of novel theranostic platforms with high efficiency through the integration of MOFs and functional materials.
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•A novel HCuS@MIL-100 hollow core-shell nanohybrids have been fabricated by a facile layer-by-layer method.•HCuS@MIL-100 not only exhibited highly efficient photothermal therapy but also have showed excellent biocompatibility.•The prepared HCuS@MIL-100 can be utilized as a T2 MRI contrast agent to achieve MRI guided PTT.
Although cancer cells are frequently faced with a nutrient- and oxygen-poor microenvironment, elevated hexosamine-biosynthesis pathway (HBP) activity and protein O-GlcNAcylation (a nutrient sensor) ...contribute to rapid growth of tumor and are emerging hallmarks of cancer. Inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation could be a promising anticancer strategy. The gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known about the potential role of PCK1 in enhanced HBP activity and HCC carcinogenesis under glucose-limited conditions. In this study, PCK1 knockout markedly enhanced the global O-GlcNAcylation levels under low-glucose conditions. Mechanistically, metabolic reprogramming in PCK1-loss hepatoma cells led to oxaloacetate accumulation and increased de novo uridine triphosphate synthesis contributing to uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) biosynthesis. Meanwhile, deletion of PCK1 also resulted in AMPK-GFAT1 axis inactivation, promoting UDP-GlcNAc synthesis for elevated O-GlcNAcylation. Notably, lower expression of PCK1 promoted CHK2 threonine 378 O-GlcNAcylation, counteracting its stability and dimer formation, increasing CHK2-dependent Rb phosphorylation and HCC cell proliferation. Moreover, aminooxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride and 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine blocked HBP-mediated O-GlcNAcylation and suppressed tumor progression in liver-specific Pck1-knockout mice. We reveal a link between PCK1 depletion and hyper-O-GlcNAcylation that underlies HCC oncogenesis and suggest therapeutic targets for HCC that act by inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation.
In South China, the Changhsingian brachiopods are extraordinarily abundant and diverse, comprising 468 species in 144 genera. However, approximately 91% of brachiopod species were eliminated during ...the Permian–Triassic (P–Tr) mass extinction event. Brachiopods in the aftermath of the P–Tr mass extinction were extremely rare, with only one opportunistic taxon, Lingulida, occasionally found in the Griesbachian and Smithian at a high abundance. Species-diversity of articulated brachiopods in the early Griesbachian, late Griesbachian, Dienerian, and Smithian are 35, 3, 2, and 0, respectively. Although a few of Mesozoic-type species occurred in the Griesbachian, Dienerian and Smithian, a marked diversification of brachiopods occurred in the Spathian and early Anisian and was characterised by 9 and 17 Mesozoic-type species, respectively. The diversification of brachiopods in the Spathian and early Anisian coincides with the contemporaneous expansion of the refuge zone, suggesting that the improvement of marine environmental conditions (e.g., lethally hot temperature and anoxic seawater) played a key role in brachiopod recovery after the P–Tr mass extinction.
•Opportunistic Lingulida species are found in the Griesbachian and Smithian.•The Dienerian brachiopods are represented by Crurithyris, treated as a “relict”.•A marked diversification of brachiopods occurred in the Spathian and early Anisian.•The expanding habitats played a significant role in brachiopod recovery.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been extensively investigated during the last two decades. More recently, a family of hybrid materials (i.e., MOF@COF) has ...emerged as particularly appealing for gas separation and storage, catalysis, sensing, and drug delivery. MOF@COF hybrids combine the unique characteristics of both MOF and COF components and exhibit peculiar properties including high porosity and large surface area. In this work, we show that the infiltration of redox-active 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) molecules into the pores of MOF@COF greatly improves the characteristics of the latter, thereby attaining high-performance energy storage devices. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were employed to guide the design of a MOF@COF-TCNQ hybrid with the TCNQ functional units incorporated in the pores of MOF@COF. To demonstrate potential application of our hybrids, the as-synthesized MOF@COF-TCNQ hybrid has been employed as an active material in supercapacitors. Electrochemical energy storage analysis revealed outstanding supercapacitor performance, as evidenced by a specific areal capacitance of 78.36 mF cm–2 and a high stack volumetric energy density of 4.46 F cm–3, with a capacitance retention of 86.4% after 2000 cycles completed at 0.2 A cm–2. DFT calculation results strongly indicate that the high capacitance of MOF@COF-TCNQ has a quantum capacitance origin. Our liquid-phase infiltration protocol of MOF@COF hybrids with redox-active molecules represents a efficacious approach to design functional porous hybrids.
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•Starch composite lignocellulose for gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is inspected.•The composite membrane possesses more than 6 times enhanced in tensile strength.•The GPE show high ...lithium ion transference number (0.79).•The prepared GPE with outstanding comprehensive performances is biodegradable.
A kind of gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) based on natural composite polymers matrix of lignocellulose (LC) and potato starch with higher comprehensive performance is prepared. This study reveals that when the content of potato starch is 5wt.%, the composite membrane presents 6 times tensile strength of pure LC membrane and high electrolyte uptake of 194%. Meantime, the ionic conductivity of 1.27mScm−1, lithium ion transference number of 0.79, wide electrochemical window and good affinity with electrodes for the as-prepared GPEs can be obtained. In addition, the Li/GPE/LiFePO4 cells display excellent initial discharge capacity, rate and cycling performances. Therefore, the high performance, low cost and biodegradable GPE with the optimized material proportion developed in this work for application in lithium ion batteries (LIBs).
The solubility of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-diethylformamide (DEF), 1,4-butyrolactone, ...cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, water, binary solvent mixtures of (DMSO or DMF) + water was measured by a polythermal method at the atmospheric pressure and various temperatures. The results showed that the solubility in those selected solvents increases with temperature increasing. All of solubility data were correlated with modified Apelblat model, Yaws model and ideal solution model (Van't Hoff equation). Three of them gave satisfactory correlations. Furthermore, the dissolution enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy of FOX-7 in different solvents were calculated using the modified Apelblat model and the Van't Hoff equation based on the experimental data. The results showed that the dissolution processes of FOX-7 in these solvents are endothermic and entropy-drivien, which provides a banausic guidance for further crystallization researches of FOX-7.
The solubility of FOX-7 in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-diethylformamide (DEF),1,4-butyrolactone, cyclohexanone, ethyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, water and binary solvent mixtures of (DMSO or DMF) + water were measured at different temperatures under the atmospheric pressure. These graphs show that solubility of FOX-7 rise with increasing temperature in pure solvents and rise with increasing temperature and the mole fraction of organic solvents in binary mixtures. Display omitted
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