•The A-index in the nomogram was a completely new indicator for evaluating postoperative OS in patients with PHCC.•We established an effective and accurate nomogram model for the evaluation of ...hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis.•Nomogram could combine A-index and tumor characteristics.•The nomogram showed the survival probability of patients with associated risk factors and A-index scores.•The superiority of our nomogram also reflects on the clinical utility.
Several international staging or scoring systems don’t accurately predict overall survival (OS) after resection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHCC). Therefore, we attempted to overcome this limitation by constructing the A-index and its associated nomogram.
We selected 672 patients who underwent curative resection of PHCC between January 2007 and February 2015 at the first affiliated hospital of the Wenzhou medical university. These subjects were randomly divided into the training (n = 470) and the validation group (n = 202) according to the ratio of 7:3.
We prepared the nomogram using eight independent risk factors including the A-index (calculated by 100 × aspartate transaminase /albumin /albumin) in the training cohort. The concordance index (C-index) of the nomogram for both training and validation set was similar in indicating the OS rate. The nomogram showed the strongest predictive power for the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS, with the area under the ROC curve being 0.8182, 0.7892, and 0.7669, respectively. Correction curves showed consistent performance for both groups, stratification of the Kaplan-Meier curve was significant (P < 0.001), and decision curve analysis (DCA) showed the superiority of nomograms considering clinical effects.
The predictive power of the nomogram integrating the A-index for OS was optimal.
•This work focuses on the microstructure design of magnesium-air battery anode.•The deviation between corrosion resistance and anodic efficiency is discussed.•Combining forming and processing ...experience, development measures are proposed.
Metal-air battery is an environmental friendly energy storage system with unique open structure. Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have been extensively attempted as anodes for air batteries due to high theoretical energy density, low cost, and recyclability. However, the study on Mg-air battery (MAB) is still at the laboratory level currently, mainly owing to the low anodic efficiency caused by the poor corrosion resistance. In order to reduce corrosion losses and achieve optimal utilization efficiency of Mg anode, the design strategies are reviewed from microstructure perspectives. Firstly, the corrosion behaviors have been discussed, especially the negative difference effect derived by hydrogen evolution. Special attention is given to the effect of anode micro-structures on the MAB, which includes grain size, grain orientation, second phases, crystal structure, twins, and dislocations. For further improvement, the discharge performance, long period stacking ordered phase and its enhancing effect are considered. Meanwhile, given the current debates over Mg dendrites, the potential risk, the impact on discharge, and the elimination strategies are discussed. Microstructure control and single crystal would be promising ways for MAB anode.
Realistic failure process analysis, a thermal software simulation, was used to explore the scale effect of thermal cracking of rock under the thermal–mechanical coupling loading. The patterns and ...characteristics of thermal destruction were analyzed by simulating the thermal cracking of rocks with the same diameter different lengths, the same length but different diameters, and the same size ratio but different sizes (same length/diameter ratio but with different diameters). The acoustic emission and energy changes were also studied during thermal destruction. The results represented that the main forms of thermal cracking are tensile failure and shear failure. The smaller the scale is (length, diameter, and size), the more complex the pattern of thermal damage exhibited as failure patterns of inverted “S” or “V.” With the increasing scale, thermal damage models were simpler. The elastic modulus was determined by the diameter of specimens, and the peak stress was determined by the length of specimens. Overall, as the scale increased, the stress intensity decreased, but the number of acoustic emissions and acoustic emission energy and the corresponding accumulation increased.
The topographic differentiation patterns of changes in habitat quality are of great significance for the scientific formulation of environmental protection policies in mountainous areas. Here, the ...distribution, changing trends, and the effects of the topographic gradient on habitat quality were studied using the InVEST model, the topographic distribution index, and the Mann–Kendall test. The results showed that at p < 0.05 (Z = 1.67), the habitat quality from 2000 to 2020 showed three types of trends (significant decline, non-significant change, and significant increase), accounting for 22.2%, 41.8%, and 36% of the changes, respectively. Because of the livelihood structure of the local residents and geological disasters in high-elevation areas, this terrain was the predominant area showing a significant decline in habitat quality. Thanks to the consolidation of projects for the protection of natural forest resources, the return of farmland to forest, and the implementation of projects for protecting the natural forest, the low-lying topography was the predominant area showing a significant increase in habitat quality. The middle topographic position was the predominant area showing no significant changes in habitat quality. Based on the results of the analysis, ecological management and protection measures for high-, medium-, and low-elevation areas were suggested.
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are essential for the accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet their measurement levels vary widely across centers and regions, leaving no ...uniform cutoff values to date. Diagnostic cutoff values of CSF biomarkers for AD are lacking for the Chinese population. As a member of the Alzheimer’s Association Quality Control program for CSF biomarkers, we aimed to establish diagnostic models based on CSF biomarkers and risk factors for AD in a Chinese cohort. A total of 64 AD dementia patients and 105 age- and sex-matched cognitively normal (CN) controls from the Chongqing Ageing & Dementia Study cohort were included. CSF Aβ42, P-tau181, and T-tau levels were measured by ELISA. Combined biomarker models and integrative models with demographic characteristics were established by logistic regression. The cutoff values to distinguish AD from CN were 933 pg/mL for Aβ42, 48.7 pg/mL for P-tau181 and 313 pg/mL for T-tau. The AN model, including Aβ42 and T-tau, had a higher diagnostic accuracy of 89.9%. Integrating age and
APOE
ε4 status to AN model (the ANA’E model) increased the diagnostic accuracy to 90.5% and improved the model performance. This study established cutoff values of CSF biomarkers and optimal combined models for AD diagnosis in a Chinese cohort.
This paper reports a high-quality hardware-friendly integer motion estimation (IME) scheme. According to different characteristics of CTU content, the proposed method adopts different adaptive ...multi-resolution strategies coupled with accurate full-PU modes IME at the finest level. Besides, by using motion vector derivation, IME for the second reference frame is simplified and hardware resource is saved greatly through processing element (PE) sharing. It is shown that the proposed architecture can support the real-time processing of 4K-UHD @60fps, while the BD-rate is just increased by 0.53%.
In this work, we describe an accelerated solid-phase synthetic protocol for ordinary or difficult peptides involving air-bath heating and amide protection. For the Hmsb-based backbone amide ...protection, an optimized acyl shift condition using 1,4-dioxane was discovered. The efficiency and robustness of the protocol was validated in the course of preparation of classical difficult peptides and ubiquitin protein segments.
In order to solve unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes (N–S) equations, a new stabilized finite element method, called the viscous-splitting least square FEM, is proposed. In the model, the N–S ...equations are split into diffusive and convective parts in each time step. The diffusive part is discretized by the backward difference method in time and discretized by the standard Galerkin method in space. The convective part is a first-order nonlinear equation. After the linearization of the nonlinear part by Newton’s method, the convective part is also discretized by the backward difference method in time and discretized by least square scheme in space.
C
0
-type element can be used for interpolation of the velocity and pressure in the present model. Driven cavity flow and flow past a circular cylinder are conducted to validate the present model. Numerical results agree with previous numerical results, and the model has high accuracy and can be used to simulate problems with complex geometry.
•ATPS was first used to extract active components in honey.•A second-order calibration method for rapid quantitative analysis was developed.•The ATPS-ATLD-based method was developed for the first ...time.•Seven flavonoids can be accurately quantified within only 4.5 min.•The ATPS-ATLD-based method had the best performance than the classical SPE method.
In this study, an accurate, rapid, green, and environment friendly method for the extraction and quantitative analysis of flavonoids in honey was established by using the aqueous two-phase extraction combined with the chemometrics-assisted HPLC-DAD. The first purpose of this study was to extract seven flavonoids in five different types of honey using alcohol/salt aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The system with 2.82 mL sodium citrate (30%), 1.58 mL water, and 3.10 mL isopropanol, showed the highest flavonoids extraction yields in the top phase (87.66–101.50%). Additionally, the three-way array of honey samples based on HPLC-DAD was decomposed mathematically by the alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) algorithm to obtain reasonable chromatograms, spectra, and concentration profiles for each analyte. Compared with the traditional solid-phase extraction method, the ATPS-ATLD-based method showed satisfactory spiked recoveries, lower limit of detection, and higher sensitivity, further verifying its accuracy and stability.
Highlights • We reviewed studies to obtain the in incidence of rash in patients with LTG. • The incidence of rash with LTG was 9.98% from prospective studies. • LTG significantly increased the risk ...of rash than non-aromatic AEDs.
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