Background and purpose Silent cerebrovascular lesions are associated with an increased risk of stroke. Although the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage has decreased in Japan, prevalence of cerebral ...infarction has not decreased. Fibrinogen is a major determinant of plasma viscosity. It is possible that elevated fibrinogen level is associated with the risk of cerebral infarction. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the association between plasma fibrinogen and cerebrovascular lesions in a general population. Methods The study population consisted of 662 subjects (32.2% men, mean age 66.6 ± 5.3 years, mean plasma fibrinogen 299.8 ± 63.5 mg/dl) from a general population of rural Japanese community, Ohasama. We evaluated the association between plasma fibrinogen and silent cerebrovascular lesions number of lacunar infarction and extent of periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) detected by MRI. Results Fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in subjects with multiple lacunar infarctions. Each 1SD (63.5 mg/dl) increase in fibrinogen was significantly associated with an increase in the risk of lacunar infarction (OR=1.29, 95% CI : 1.09-1.53) after adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, drinking status, use of antihypertensive medication, BMI, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (24-h ABP), and a history of hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus or atrial fibrillation. Twenty-four hour ABP was also significantly and independently associated with lacunar infarction. Even when 24-h ABP values were within the normal range (<135/80 mmHg), elevated fibrinogen levels were associated with an increased risk of lacunar infarction. There was no association between fibrinogen and PVH. Conclusion The present results demonstrated that fibrinogen was strongly associated with risk of lacunar infarction, suggesting that fibrinogen is an independent risk factor or predictor for lacunar infarction.
Some fundamental conditions of atomic absorption spectrometry combined with a technique of hydrogen telluride generation followed by its collection in a trap of liquid nitrogen have been ...investigated. Twenty ml of 5 N HC1 solution containing (1200) ng of tellurium(IV) is placed in the reaction vessel. Four ml of 5 % NaBH4 solution was added to the reaction vessel over a period of 15 s. The generated hydrogen telluride is isolated by the gas trap immersed in liquid nitrogen and released by warming it up to room temperature. Then hydrogen telluride is transferred into an electrically heated quartz cell atomizer and the absorbance is recorded. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit (S/N=2) was 1 ng and the coefficients of variation were 8.7 % in ten determinations of 100 ng of tellurium. Of the elements investigated, copper, mercury, arsenic etc. interfered much with the determination of tellurium.
The Wigner-Ville distribution (WVD) function was proposed by Wigner (1932) in quantum mechanics and Ville (1948) applied it for a signal analysis. This method has made it possible to represent ...signal's power density spectrum in time-frequency domain as a natural extension of the Fourier transformation method (FTM). Recently it has attracted great interest for its validity to analyze time-varying signals accomplished by the development of high speed digital signal processing and it is used for analyzing nonstationary signals. Conventionally, sonar beamformer is constructed using delay lines, but the development of the high speed processor has made it possible to apply the FTM for sonar beamforming. However, the spatial resolution of the beamformer is not enough for discriminating small underwater objects on the sea bottom by this method. To solve this problem, we aim to apply the WVD method, which can represent finer structure of signals as a natural extension of the FTM, for sonar beamforming to obtain sharper beam patterns than that of the beamforming method by FTM. Simulation results by the computational calculations clarify that resolution by WVD method, which is presented in this paper, becomes about twice as high as by conventional FTM. The result of experiment at sea also shows the performance of this method.
The relationship between the time required for reperfusion and the incidence of late potentials was studied in 94 patients who survived a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and who showed total ...occlusion of the infarct-related artery at an initial coronary arteriography. Sixty-three patients who successfully underwent direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), and 31 who were treated conventionally (controls), underwent signal-averaged electrocardiography. Direct PTCA patients were classified into 5 groups according to the time required for reperfusion: 4, 4-6, 6-8, 8-10, and 10 h. The incidence of late potentials in these groups was 8%, 12%, 14%, 33%, and 43%, respectively, and 48% in the controls. Late potentials were recorded more frequently as the period until successful reperfusion increased: the incidence of late potentials was significantly lower in the 4 and 4-6 h groups than in the controls (p < 0.005 and p< 0.05, respectively). Therefore, reperfusion achieved within 6h reduced the incidence of late potentials in AMI patients and may be effective for preventing malignant ventricular arrhythmias.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SPERMA INVASION Mizumoto, Ryusuke; Sato, Tokuro; Imai, Isao ...
The Japanese Journal of Urology,
1960, Letnik:
51, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Sperma invasion may sefely be said to be a reactive granuloma which develops as a result of the invasion of sperma into the interstitial tissue of the testis, epididymis and vas deferens. However, ...the mechanism underlying the invasion of sperma into the interstitial tissue has not yet been established. For the purpose of studying that mechanism, the authors, using rabbits, performed vasectomy, activated sperma in epididymis and induced epididymitis separately or simultaneously, As a result, it was demonstrated that this disease is caused by activation of sperma secondary to inflammation. The authors came to the conclusin that this inflammation would finally change into fibrosis.
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