Background. Modern sports practice, numerous scientific studies show that the world sports peaks can be conquered only by especially talented athletes who, firstly, have a pronounced natural ...inclination to achievements in a particular sport, and secondly, who managed to implement them in long-term improvement process. Materials and Methods. The number of respondents involved in the observational experiment stage was n = 130 players of 11–13 years old. The paper used professional scientific and methodological literature reviews, pedagogical observation; anthropometry, adolescent’s posture analysis was performed using "Torso" program, mathematical statistics methods. Results. The videometry results, which are confirmed by an orthopedist, established the dynamics of functional state deterioration of musculoskeletal system. The study that examined the body length parameters in young players with different posture types, determined that among athletes aged 11–12 years, the highest body length values were in players with scoliotic posture and round back. In athletes aged 12–13 years, the highest average body weight values were typical for players with round back posture type and the lowest for flat back players. Conclusions. Characteristic posture features of the studied contingent have been established: normal posture was observed in 50% of football players aged 11–12, and 42.85% of football players aged 12–13. The most common functional musculoskeletal system disorder in young athletes is scoliotic posture, which is found in 26.66% of 11–12 year old players and 28.57% of 12–13 year old players. The second in the number of detected functional musculoskeletal system disorders in young football players is a round back observed in 16.67% of 11–12 year olds and 17.15% in 12–13 year old athletes. The data obtained indicate that the problem of functional musculoskeletal system disorders in young athletes is more acute than ever.
Background and Study Aim. The development of motor skills depends on the process of physical development, as well as the ethno-territorial and cultural context. The study of inter-ethnic differences ...can provide information about how different lifestyles and contexts of physical activity can influence the process of motor competence development. This can be a real strategy for developing students’ lagging basic motor skills. The purpose of the work is to investigate the ethno-territorial variability of the level of development of physical abilities of students studying at Ukrainian universities.
Material and Methods. Data were obtained from cross-sectional surveys from 2014 to 2019. Students of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University (Ukraine) (young men, n = 488, age 18–25) from different countries were recruited. Pedagogical testing was carried out using a battery of tests that were recommended by the State Tests of Physical Fitness of the Population of Ukraine and the European Sports Council (Evrofit Test Battery). Assessment of physical fitness of students was carried out on the basis of a combined percentage scale of multi-level gradation with a step of 1%. Experimental data were processed using the SPSS Statistics 17.0 program.
Results. In almost all countries (with the exception of India and Tunisia), from 41.2% to 70.0% of students are characterized by a low level of development of cardiorespiratory endurance and speed-power fitness (from 54.4% to 58.3%). More than 50.0% of students from Jordan and Egypt have a low level of speed and strength abilities and flexibility. It was found that students from India and Tunisia have the highest rates (endurance - 75.5–80.8%); from China and Tunisia (speed-power abilities - from 69.1% to 78.8%); from Tunisia (speed –79.8%); from China and Tunisia (flexibility -70%); test participants completed the test; from China (power capacity – 76.7%). Students from European countries showed mostly average and above average level of development of physical abilities.
Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the specificity of the development of motor skills of students from different countries, which is manifested in statistically significant differences in the results of test tasks. Students from different countries perform better on those tests that are closer to their known motor experience. This is due to the cultural environment, geographical factor, socio-economic status, as well as the content and goals of the physical education program.
Актуальність. Недостатній рівень фізичної підготовленості та соматичного здоров’я школярів обумовлює актуальність вивчення розвитку фізичних якостей у взаємозв’язку з аеробною продуктивністю та ...фізичним розвитком організму підлітків. Завдання дослідження – виявити взаємозв’язок складників фізичної підготовленості й фізичного розвитку підлітків із різним рівнем аеробної продуктивності. Матеріал і методи дослідження – оцінка фізичної підготовленості школярів (Сергієнко Л.П., 2010); визначення аеробної продуктивності методом степ-ергометрії (Карпман В. Л., 1988). Оцінку фізичного розвитку проводили на підставі визначення силових індексів, індекса маси тіла та індекса Пін’є. Кількість м’язової маси для розрахунку силових індексів визначали за методом Mатейка. У дослідженні взяло участь 423 підлітки, 211 – із них жіночої та 212 – чоловічої статі. Результати дослідження. Зниження рівня аеробної продуктивності супроводжується збільшенням індексу маси тіла та зниженням індексу Пін’є, що відображає важливу роль соматометричних ознак фізичного розвитку в детермінуванні функціональних можливостей організму. Підвищення рівня аеробної продуктивності пов’язано зі збільшенням м’язової сили, про що свідчить динаміка силових індексів, визначених за даними співвідношення показників кистьової та станової динамометрії до м’язової маси тіла в дівчат і хлопців, а також згинання-розгинання рук в упорі лежачи до маси тіла в підлітків чоловічої статі. Висновки. Зі зниженням аеробної продуктивності зростає частка дітей із нижчим від середнього рівнем фізичної підготовленості та зменшується частка дітей із вищем від середнього рівнем фізичної підготовленості. Наявність респондентів із вищим від середнього рівнем фізичної підготовленості в кожній дослідній групі свідчить про наявні можливості до підвищення рівня розвитку фізичних якостей. Отримані результати можна використати для розробки диференційованих підходів у фізичному вихованні школярів із різним рівнем аеробної продуктивності.
Background and Study Aim. Integration processes in education provide for increased mobility of students from different countries. The related change in environmental parameters, cultural and social ...standards require additional tension in the work of regulatory mechanisms. This can lead to exhaustion of the body's reserve capabilities, disruption of adaptation and loss of health. The purpose of the work is to investigate the ethno-territorial variability of the functional state and adaptation potential of foreign students studying at Ukrainian universities.
Material and Methods. Students of the medical university (n = 488, age 18–25) who came to study in Ukraine from different countries took part in the study. Data were obtained from cross-sectional surveys from 2014 to 2019. Anthropometric measures included body length (LT), body mass (MT). Functional status was assessed by Robinson, Rufier, vital capacity and strength indices. Adaptation capabilities and the level of physical condition of students were also determined. Experimental data were processed using the SPSS program.
Results. It was established that the vast majority of students had Robinson index values: low and below average (students from Poland, Bulgaria, Jordan, Egypt); below average level (students from Ukraine, Malaysia and Tunisia); medium (students from India and China). Students from Poland, Jordan and Egypt are characterized by the lowest vital capacity index (52.7 – 54.9 ml·kg-1). Among the residents of India and China there were the most students with above average and high levels of vital capacity index. Most of the students (with the exception of students from Malaysia and Egypt) had a power index at the level of average and above average. The Ruffier index for students was: weak level – students from Poland, Bulgaria, Egypt and Jordan; satisfactory level – students of Tunisia, Ukraine, India and Malaysia; moderate level – students from China. The majority (40–44%) of the examined contingent from Poland, Bulgaria and Jordan was in a pre-diagnostic state. There were14–27% of such students among students from Egypt, China, India and Tunisia. There were about 10% of such students among Ukrainian students. From 6% to 11% of all foreign students were in a pre-morbid state. This condition is characterized by a decrease in the functional reserves of the circulatory system. Among Ukrainian students, there were 2.04% of such students. From 2.44% to 7.69% of foreign students had asthenization of regulatory systems; such a state was not observed among Ukrainian students.
Conclusions. The obtained results of the study expand the data on the peculiarities of the physiological state of students of foreign countries and their adaptation capabilities. It is important that students with strained adaptation mechanisms or an unsatisfactory level of adaptation are able to reveal high functional capabilities with individualized physical exercises. An unsatisfactory state of functional systems can stimulate students to increase the body's adaptive resources. This contributes to increasing the level of motor activity and improving physical education courses with training according to an individualized educational program.
Background and Study Aim. The variability of interpopulation morphofunctional traits in humans is closely related to various environmental factors. However, body composition has a significant ...relationship with indicators of physical fitness, human performance, with its adaptation to environmental conditions. The aim of the work is to investigate ethno-territorial variability of morphological characteristics of students studying at Ukrainian universities. Material and methods. Datum were from cross-sectional surveys since 2014 through 2019. Male students aged 18–25 years old (n = 488) of Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University from different countries were recruited. Anthropometric methods included body length (BH), body weight (BW), chest girth in three states: at maximum, maximum inspiration and rest; skinfolds thicknesses and epiphysis measurements. Somatometric physical development indicators (body mass index - BMI), Kettle’, Pignet’, Livi’ and Erismann’ indexes) were calculated on the basis of these parameters. Body composition (absolute and relative amounts of skeletal, fat and muscle components) were determined using Matiegka formula. Results. It was found that the average growth of students in European countries is higher compared to students from Asia (9-10%) and Africa (3-5%). Reliably significant differences (p <.05) in body weight indicators between all ethnic groups were found. Students from India are characterized by very low levels of relative body fat. Most representatives of Egypt (61.4%) and Jordan (50.9%) are characterized by moderately high fat content. For representatives of all other countries, this figure is within the optimal ratio. Conclusions. The obtained results showed that anthropometric and morphometric indicators of students aged 18-25 change statistically significantly depending on the ethno-territorial factor. Thus, the study of ethnic variability of morphological characteristics is of great importance for the individualization of physical training of students from other countries in higher education institutions of Ukraine.
The purpose of the work is on the basis of theoretical analysis and own experimental research, to scientifically substantiate, develop theoretical and methodological foundations of ...corrective-preventive technologies concept in physical training of adults with MSS functional disorders in order to improve their health-forming orientation. Methods. The analysis and synthesis of scientific and methodological literature and Internet sources data were carried out with the purpose to establish work priority directions, determine problematic questions on prevention and correction of MSS functional disorders of adults in the process of physical traınıng. Sociological research methods (interview and questionnaire). Empirical research level (pedagogical observation, pedagogical physical fitness testing that is the determination of general endurancelevel, strength endurance of torso muscles, force endurance of upper extremities and backmuscles, spinal column flexibility, movements speed development, hip joints mobility and hamstrings elasticity, movements static body balance; pedagogical experiment). Biomedical methods (anthropometry – examination of adult persons was carried out by standard equipment according to the conventional and unified methods of V. Bunak in the modification of E. Martirosov, using the Pinnier index was determined the type of body structure; photography and posture analysis of students was done using the “Torso” program; visual screening of the posture biogeometric profile was carried out with the help of express control card. Results. During research there was developed the prevention and correction concept of musculoskeletal system functional disorders of adults in physical education process, distinctive features of which is the management methodology construction, taking into account the individual features of their’ posture biogeometric profile, including theoretical and practical components. The practical component included corrective and prophylactic technologies. Conclusions. For theoretical concept provisions realization, we have developed prevention and correction technologies of MSS functional disorders of adults in physical training process. The purpose of technology is justification and implementation of correctivepreventive measures aiming at correction of MSS functional disorders, students physique in physical training process taking into account their biogeometric profile level to improve its health-forming orientation.Keywords: adults, musculoskeletal system, posture functional disorders, correction, physical education.
Philosophical reflections on tourism Stanisław Zaborniak; Bogdan Mytskan; Tetiana Mytskan ...
Sport i turystyka,
03/2019, Letnik:
1, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The aim of the article is to reveal the essence of tourism as means of outlook formation of a person. The following research methods were used in the paper: desk research analysis of the literature ...on the subject, Internet sources. Analysis of the collected material allowed the following conclusions: one of the factors influencing tourism development is the need to verify traditional understanding of tourism. According to the authors, ideological, cultural, humanistic, ethical, cognitive, ets. aspects of tourism should be emphasized. Taking this into account, we consider tourism as a factor influencing general worldview of man. In this regard, tourism gives reasons to perceive it from a philosophical perspective, including epistemological, social, axiological, spiritual and other aspects. When considering the phenomenon of tourism from a philosophical point of view, it should be emphasized that tourism promotes unification, communication and socialization as well as the spread of ethical values in a spirit of mutual understanding and respect.
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