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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease accompanied by abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. The aim of this study was to investigate whether puerarin, one ...of the main components of the root of Pueraria lobata, exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects against UC. To examine the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of puerarin against colitis, we used a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Administration of puerarin alleviated colon shortening, pathological damage to the colon, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Puerarin significantly inhibited inflammation through the down-regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, puerarin showed anti-oxidative effects through the regulation of the expression of the NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and antioxidant enzymes. Puerarin inhibited intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction by increasing the expression of tight junction proteins. These results suggest that puerarin has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in the mouse model of colitis.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the common inflammatory immune disorders. Puerarin is the main isoflavonoid obtained from the root of Pueraria lobata and has been known have ameliorative effects on ...diverse inflammatory diseases. However, the effects of puerarin on AD have not been uncovered. 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was used to induce atopic dermatitis(AD)-like skin lesions on BALB/c mice for 17 days. Further, the BALB/c mice were orally administered puerarin. Puerarin ameliorated DNCB-induced AD-like symptoms in the mice by regulating skin thickness, degranulation of mast cells, and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE). Human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were also used to clarify the effects of puerarin on the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Puerarin inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective and alleviative effect of puerarin on AD in vitro and in vivo. The results in this study indicated that puerarin ameliorates AD-like skin lesion and skin inflammation via regulation of various atopic and inflammatory mediators. Therefore, puerarin might be useful in treating AD and other skin diseases.
•Puerarin regulates inflammatory cytokine, such as IL-6, IL-5, and TNF-α in human keratinocyte cell line.•Puerarin attenuates inflammation related protein expression level in human keratinocyte cell line.•Puerarin improves DNCB-induced atopic skin condition by regulating of clinical signs and skin tissue injury.•Oral administration of puerarin recovers inflammatory cytokine secretion in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis.
In this study, we found that alpha-pinene (α-pinene) exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through the suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ...pathway in mouse peritoneal macrophages. α-Pinene is found in the oils of many coniferous trees and rosemary. We investigated the inhibitory effects of α-Pinene on inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using mouse peritoneal macrophages. α-Pinene significantly decreased the LPS-induced production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO). α-Pinene also inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Additionally, the activations of MAPKs and NF-κB were attenuated by means of α-pinene treatment. These results indicate that α-pinene has an anti-inflammatory effect and that it is a potential candidate as a new drug to treat various inflammatory diseases.
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•Quercetin reduces P. acnes-induced inflammation.•Quercetin have no cytotoxicity in keratinocyte and monocyte.•Quercetin reduces P. acnes-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines ...expression.•Quercetin reduces P. acnes-induced MAPK phosphorylation.•Quercetin reduces the inflammatory reactions in P. acnes-induced animal model.
Quercetin is a well-known antioxidant and a plant polyphenolic of flavonoid group found in many fruits, leaves, and vegetables. Propionibacterium acnes is a key skin pathogen involved in the progression of acne inflammation. Although quercetin has been applied to treat various inflammatory diseases, the effects of quercetin on P. acnes-induced skin inflammation have not been explored. This study investigated the effects of quercetin on P. acnes-induced inflammatory skin disease in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that quercetin suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in P. acnes-stimulated HaCaT, THP-1 and RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, quercetin reduced the production of TLR-2 and the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK MAPKs in P. acnes-stimulated HaCaT and THP-1 cells. It also suppressed MMP-9 mRNA levels in two cell lines exposed to P. acnes in vitro. In the case of in vivo, P. acnes was intradermally injected into the ears of mice and it resulted in cutaneous erythema, swelling, and a granulomatous response. Treatment with quercetin markedly reduced ear thickness and swelling. These results suggested that quercetin can be a potential therapeutic agent against P. acnes-induced skin inflammation and may have diverse pharmaceutical and cosmetics applications.
•Xanthone reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cell.•Treatment of xanthone regulated allergic mediators in PMACI-stimulated HMC-1 cell.•The ...administration of xanthone ameliorated skin inflammation in DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis mice model.•Xanthone inhibited the anaphylactic reaction in vivo models.
Xanthone is a phenolic compound found in a few higher plant families; it has a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the activity of xanthone in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) remain to be explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of xanthone in ACD in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cell), and human mast cell line (HMC-1 cell) in vitro and in an experimental murine model. The results demonstrated that treatment with xanthone reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and expression of chemokines thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. Xanthone also suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and allergic mediators in phorbol myristate acetate/A23187 calcium ionophore (PMACI)-stimulated HMC-1 cells. Xanthone significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activation of caspase-1 signaling pathway in vitro model. Additionally, xanthone administration alleviated 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced atopic dermatitis like-skin lesion by reducing the serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), histamine, and pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressing MAPKs phosphorylation. Xanthone administration also inhibited mortality due to compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock and suppressed the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction mediated by IgE. Collectively, these results suggest that xanthone has a potential for use in the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases.
Mast cells are an important component of immune responses. Immunoglobulin (Ig) E-sensitized mast cells release substances within minutes of allergen exposure, triggering allergic responses. Until ...now, numerous pharmacological effects of wheatgrass and aronia have been verified, but the effects of wheatgrass and aronia (TAAR)-mixed extract on allergic reactions have not been identified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the anti-allergic effect of TAAR extract on mast cell activation and cutaneous anaphylaxis. In this study, we investigated the anti-allergic effects and related mechanisms of TAAR extract in IgE-activated mast cells in vitro. We also assessed the ameliorating effect of TAAR extract on IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis mice in vivo. The TAAR extract significantly reduced the expression of β-hexosaminidase, histamine, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are mediators related to mast cell degranulation, via the regulation of various signaling pathways. The TAAR extract also regulated oxidative-stress-related factors through the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Additionally, treatment of TAAR extract to the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis mouse model improved ear thickness and local ear pigmentation. Taken together, our results suggest that TAAR extract is a potential candidate natural product to treat overall IgE-mediated allergic inflammation and oxidative-stress-related diseases by suppressing mast cell activity.
Longevity effects of hispidol in Caenorhabditis elegans Lim, Hyun Joo; Han, Young Taek; Ahn, Ji‐Hye ...
BioFactors (Oxford),
November/December 2020, 2020-Nov, 2020-11-00, 20201101, Letnik:
46, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In this study, we investigated the longevity effects of hispidol, a 6,4′‐dihydroxyaurone, using the Caenorhabditis elegans model system. Our lifespan assay data revealed that hispidol could prolong ...the lifespan of wild‐type worms under normal culture condition. Moreover, hispidol increased the survival rate of the worms against a heat stress condition through up‐regulated expressions of HSP‐16.2. Similarly, hispidol protected worms from paraquat‐induced oxidative stress. We also found that the hispidol elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes, thereby attenuating the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. These results suggest that the enhancement of lifespan and stress resistance by the hispidol treatment might be attributed to its strong in vivo antioxidant capacity and regulation of stress proteins. Further tests on the aging‐related factors revealed that hispidol could regulate the speed of pharyngeal pumping, indicating the association of dietary restriction with the hispidol‐mediated longevity. However, there were no significant alterations in the body length of the worms between the groups. We then investigated the effects of hispidol on body movement and lipofuscin accumulation in aged worms. Interestingly, these healthspan parameters were strongly improved by the hispidol treatment. Our genetic studies showed no significant change in the lifespan of the daf‐16 null mutants by hispidol supplementation. In addition, enhanced nuclear translocation of DAF‐16 was observed in the hispidol‐fed DAF‐16::GFP fused transgenic mutants, suggesting the requirement of DAF‐16/FOXO activation for the longevity effect of hispidol.
When skin is exposed to UV radiation, melanocytes produce melanin. Excessive melanin production leads to skin pigmentation, which causes various cosmetic and health problems. Therefore, the ...development of safe, natural therapeutics that inhibit the production of melanin is necessary.
(EU) has long been widely used as a folk medicinal plant because of pharmacological properties that include anti-ulcer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activity and melanogenesis inhibitory effects of EU fractions in B16-F10 melanoma cells. EU fractions showed a dose-dependent increase in antioxidant activity in radical scavenging activity. In addition, we evaluated the effect of EU fractions on tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced B16-F10 melanoma cells. EU was noncytotoxic at 12.5-50 μg/mL. EU fractions effectively inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis, suppressed the phosphorylation of CREB and ERK involved in the melanogenesis pathway, and down-regulated expression of melanogenesis-related proteins. Interestingly, the anti-melanogenesis effect was most effective at a concentration of 50 μg/mL EU, and the effects of the fractions were superior to those of the extract. Therefore, our study suggests that EU has potential as a safe treatment for excessive pigmentation or as a natural ingredient in cosmetics.
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