After the founding of the University Medical School in Belgrade in 1920 the most urgent necessity was to write the first textbooks for theoretical medical studies. However, the first published ...textbook was that for forensic medicine (one of the last subjects in the study of medicine). This was the textbook "Forensic Medicine" written by military physician and internist Svetozar Peshitsh (1880-1936) in Belgrade in 1921. Next year the "Technique of Autopsy" was published. The author was Milovan Milovanovitsh (1893-1948), forensic physician. In 1923 there were published two medical textbooks for students of medicine: "Fundamental Basis for Human Anatomy" written by Russian physician Ilja Shapshal (1878-1949) and "Histological Techniques" written by the founder of histology at the Medical School in Belgrade, Aleksandar Dj. Kostitsh (1893-1983).
The article provides a comparative analysis of the Cyrillic alphabet in early printed books between 1491 & 1525. Among them are Cyrillic books printed between 1561 & 1563 by the Slovene Protestant ...writer Primoz Trubar (1508-1586). Adapted from the source document
It is known that the antineoplastic drug adriamycin (ADR) can cause cardiotoxic effects. Some data imply that pretreatment with selenium (Se) and the radio- and chemoprotector, amifostine (WR-2721), ...may confer a protective effect. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of single doses of Se and WR-2721, alone or in combination, in the prevention of acute ADR-induced cardiotoxicity in male Wistar rats. Se, in the form of sodium selenite (1.6 mg/kg i.p.), and WR-2721 (300 mg/kg i.p.) were given 24 hours and 20 minutes, respectively, before ADR (6 mg/kg i.v.). The cardiotoxicity of ADR was recorded 48 hours after its administration because earlier studies revealed that structural damage of the myocardium occurs within this period. Evaluation of these toxic effects, as well as of the cardioprotective efficacy of the administered drugs, was performed using (1) ECG-records before and during the infusion of the proarrhythmogenic compound, aconitine (8 microg/kg/min i.v.) and (2) the serum activity of creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase-(AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and its isoenzyme alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (alpha-HBDH). The results showed that the arrhythmogenic dose of aconitine was significantly reduced in ADR-treated rats (57.22 vs. 99.65 microg/kg in control; p < 0.05) and that this proarrhythmogenic compound caused a significant increase in heart rate in such animals compared to controls. Pretreatment with Se, WR-2721, and their combination partly reversed the arrhythmogenic dose of aconitine to control (72.09, 82.1, and 88.99 microg/kg, respectively). Se failed to prevent an aconitine-induced increase in heart rate, whereas WR-2721 and their combination successfully counteracted this effect. In addition, ADR produced a significant increase in the serum activity of all monitored enzymes. Pretreatment with Se failed to prevent this increase, whereas pretreatment with WR-2721 did. The best result was obtained with their combination. We conclude that the radio- and chemoprotector, WR-2721, particularly in combination with Se, may provide a significant protective effect against acute ADR-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.
Myiasis is one of the most common skin diseases found in travelers returning from tropical and subtropical regions, where humans living in or visiting the African continent are most commonly infested ...by C. anthropophaga during the rainy season in regions with a warm climate. Here, we present a case of furuncular myiasis caused by C. anthropophaga in a Serbian patient returning from temporary work in Kenya, where the initial histology of skin lesion mimicked hyperproliferative skin disorder.
Clearance phase at signalized crosswalks is an important parameter of pedestrians’ safety because it helps them to complete the crossing before the green signal for vehicles. However, there is the ...issue of pedestrian decision as to whether to cross if they arrive at the crosswalk during the clearance phase, which represents a violation in many countries. Due to the proof that pedestrian violations multiply the risk of traffic accidents, in this study, the tendency of pedestrians to commit violations during the clearance time has been researched. With the aim of proposing the design of the pedestrian traffic lights, which could decrease the frequency of pedestrian violations, the comparison of pedestrians behaviour at crosswalks with and without a countdown timer during the clearance time was made, based on the data collected in the video recording. Chi square independency test showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the behaviour of pedestrians during the clearance time, depending on the existence of the timer, as well as the fact that pedestrians behave in a safer manner if there is no clearance time shown on the timer. The total delay rate on the roadway during the red signal, which was the consequence of starting the crossing during the clearance time or subsequent violations, was 1.3 times higher at the crosswalks with the countdown timer. This research was unique because for the first time, two-phase pedestrian crossings on the roadway with the median refuge island in the sense of clearance time were analysed, in spite of the previous proof that pedestrians are more likely to commit violations during the red signal in that kind of roadway. Another novelty in the research was pedestrians following till the end of crossing, due to the possibility of subsequent violations. With the means of binary logistic regression, different factors which affect pedestrians’ behaviour during the clearance time have been determined and they differ depending on the existence of the timer. At the pedestrian crosswalks with the timer, contributing factors have been determined, such as gender, the number of waiting pedestrians, distractions, arrival time, and age. If there is no timer, the contributing factors are the following: the number of crossing pedestrians, distractions, group, position of pedestrians in relation to the vehicle, the number of traffic lanes, and age. Based on the obtained results, a new design of the pedestrian traffic lights was proposed.
Myiasis is one of the most common skin diseases found in travelers returning from tropical and subtropical regions, where humans living in or visiting the African continent are most commonly infested ...by C. anthropophaga during the rainy season in regions with a warm climate. Here, we present a case of furuncular myiasis caused by C. anthropophaga in a Serbian patient returning from temporary work in Kenya, where the initial histology of skin lesion mimicked hyperproliferative skin disorder.
An ethnobotanical survey was carried out on the territory of the highest mountain in Central Serbia, Kopaonik, which is characterized by great plant diversity. In total, 83 wild species from 41 ...families and 96 preparations for use in human therapy were recorded. Among those wild plants which are most commonly used for medicinal purposes,
Hypericum perforatum L.,
Urtica dioica L.,
Achillea millefolium L.,
Matricaria chamomilla L.,
Sambucus nigra L., and
Thymus serpyllum L. were particularly highly recommended by the majority of informants as being ‘beneficial for all ailments’. The most frequently reported medicinal uses were for treating gastrointestinal ailments (50%), skin injuries and problems (25.6%), followed by respiratory, urinary-genital and cardiovascular problems (20.5%, 20.5%, 19.2%, respectively). Plants with unusual phytotherapeutic uses are
Galium verum L. (sedative properties) and
Eupatorium cannabinum L. (influenza-like illnesses), while plants with interesting but lesser-known properties include
Daphne laureola L. (rheumatism and skin ailments) and
Ficaria verna Huds. (tubers for treating haemorrhoids). In addition, 10 wild species used in veterinary medicine, as well as 25 herbs used for human nourishment were noted.
Introduction: The outbreak of the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 named COVID-19 has spread throughout the world. The number of registered cases is increasing and almost no ...country or territory worldwide has been without any COVID-19 patient. The aim of this study was to examine the level of knowledge on the SARS-COv-2 and COVID-19 among medical students and to explore the differences in attitudes, practices and fear of COVID-19 among students with sufficient and students with insufficient knowledge.
Methodology: The cross-sectional study among the 1,722 medical students was conducted through an online platform of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade. The instrument used was a questionnaire with sections on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 and the Fear of COVID-19 scale.
Results: Total of 1576 (91.50%) students were in the sufficient knowledge group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was a significant association between the sufficient knowledge on COVID-19 and female sex (OR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.18-2.45), age (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.02-1.18), considering the preventive measures enforced in Serbia as good (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.18-5.56), wearing the surgical mask outside of the household in the past 14 days (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.22-2.87) and score on Fear of COVID-19 scale (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.91-0.98).
Conclusions: Medical students showed good knowledge of COVID-19 and could be a part of the promotion of health education messages as a part of preventive measures.
PDF
