The aim of this paper is to investigate the growth dynamics of 20 larger Croatian cities, macro-regional and regional centres, in order to indicate changes in their competitiveness. The analyses were ...carried out for three relevant periods: the period of growth before the global recession (2001-2008), the period of the global recession (2009-2014) and the recovery period of the Croatian economy (2015-2019). Employment is one of the most important indicators of economic growth, so employment dynamics data were used in the analyses. The paper points to differences in employment growth of individual Croatian cities compared to the national average and seeks to determine whether this growth is the result of the action of structural (exogenous) factors or local (endogenous) factors. Therefore, a shift-share analysis was carried out, resulting in calculations of the regional, structural, and local factors. It found that in the years before the recession, larger cities had on average much stronger employment growth than the Croatian average. In the pre-recession period, the local factor played an extremely important role in shaping employment growth; in most cities, it was more significant than the structural factor. When the recession hit, larger cities saw a drop in employment of about the same intensity as at the state level, while in the post-recession period they had a slightly slower recovery compared to the Croatian average. In the recession period, there was a sharp decline in the local competitiveness of cities, whose significant recovery in the post-recession period has so far been absent. The number of cities that are above the national average in terms of employment dynamics was decreasing. Above-average growth was achieved during all three relevant periods only Split, Zadar, Dubrovnik, and Varaždin. In all three periods, Split, Zadar, Slavonski Brod, and Varaždin had local competitive advantages.
Horonim Međimurje sa svojom simboličkom funkcijom za većinu je ispitanika tijekom
intervjua jasno određivao smještaj regije uz rijeku Muru, a jedina dvojba bila je
koristiti ga u službenoj inačici ...Međimurje ili u arhaičnom, a po mnogima i dijalektalnom
izrazu Međimorje. Problematika ovog horonima mnogo je složenija, iako nema puno radova
na ovu temu. Najiscrpniji i najkompleksniji je rad Z. Bartolića (1998) koji se temelji
na interdisciplinarnom pristupu objedinjujući spoznaje lingvistike, povijesti, književne
povijesti i geografije, međutim nije praćen i utemeljen na terenskom istraživanju, a koje
je provedeno tijekom izrade ovog rada. Temeljna teza njegova rada je da bi ispravno
ime regije bilo Međimorje, pri čemu se samo ime tumači apelativom otok na dijalektalnom
govoru. Ovo se tumačenje dokazuje primjerima iz starije literature gdje se koristi u
značenju otoka, pri čemu se aludira na hidrografske granice Međimurja koje su tijekom
povijesti predstavljale značajnu komunikacijsku prepreku prema susjednim prostorima,
a time i pojačavale osjećaj izoliranosti karakterističan za otoke. Pojam otoka nalazimo i
u latinskoj inačici Insula koju u različitim varijacijama nalazimo u starijoj literaturi, posebice
na starim geografskim kartama, no nikada samostalno već u varijacijama s imenima
rijeka Mure i Drave. Istovremeno i strani izvori, posebice na jezicima koji su u pojedinim
razdobljima korišteni u samom Međimurju, poput njemačkog Murinsel u značenju
murskog otoka ili mađarski Muraköz u značenju područja uz Muru, sadrže ime rijeke
kao osnovnu odrednicu imena. Zanimljivo je da ni jedan od sugovornika u intervjuu
nije znao prijevod riječi međimorje (otok), već su je svi tumačili međimurskim načinom
izgovaranja, tj. „po domaći“. Anketno je istraživanje pokazalo da većina stanovnika u
Međimurju (49%) i izvan njega (54%) smatra da je horonim Međimurje vezan uz ime
rijeke Mure, gotovo trećina smatra da je ime proizašlo iz latinskog Insula inter Muram et
Dravam. To su također oni iz skupine starijih ispitanika s višim obrazovanjem te je njihov
odgovor posljedica prijevoda s latinskog koji jasno određuje prostor, a najmanje je onih
koji ga tumače kao prijevod dijalektalnog imena Međimorje na standardni jezik (18% u
Međimurju te 12% izvan njega). Istraživanje ne potvrđuje Bartolićevu tezu koju je iznio kao mišljenje i svojevrsnu preporuku, već potvrđuje
tezu o rijeci Muri kao okosnici prostora Međimurja, unatoč tome što isti granični
položaj ima i rijeka Drava. No Drava je eponim susjednoj tradicijskoj (Podravina), ali i
prirodnoj regiji (podravina u smislu nizine uz rijeku Dravu) na njezinim desnim obalama.
The name Međimurje with its symbolic function for most respondents during the interview was clearly defined by the location of the region along the Mura River, and the only doubt was to use it in the ...official version of Međimurje or in the archaic and, according to many, dialectal expression Međimorje. The problem of this name is much more complex, although there are not many papers on this topic. The most comprehensive and complex is the work of Z. Bartolić (1998), which is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining knowledge of linguistics, history, literary history and geography, but is not monitored and based on field research, which was conducted during the preparation of this paper. The basic thesis of his work is that the correct name of the region would be Međimorje, where the name itself is interpreted with the appellation „otok“ in dialectal speech. This interpretation is proven by examples from older literature where it is used in the meaning of island (otok), alluding to the hydrographic boundaries of Međimurje, which throughout history have been a significant communication barrier to neighboring areas, and thus enhanced the sense of isolation characteristic of an island. The term island is also found in the Latin version of Insula, which in various variations is found in older literature, especially on old maps, but never independently but in variations with the names of the rivers Mura and Drava. At the same time, foreign sources, especially in the languages used in Međimurje in certain periods, such as the German Murinsel meaning Mura Island or the Hungarian Muraköz meaning the area along the Mura, contain the name of the river as the basic determinant of the name. It is interesting that none of the interlocutors in the interview knew the translation of the word Međimorje (island), but they all interpreted it in the Međimurje way of pronunciation, ie “in the local language”. The survey showed that the majority of residents in Međimurje (49%) and beyond (54%) believe that the name Međimurje is associated with the name of the Mura River, almost a third believe that the name comes from the Latin Insula inter Muram et Dravam.
Konkurentnost gradova u Hrvatskoj Braičić, Zdenko; Jukopila, Danijel; Šlezak, Hrvoje
Geoadria,
09/2022, Letnik:
27, Številka:
1
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Cilj rada je istražiti razvojnu dinamiku dvadeset većih hrvatskih gradova, makroregionalnih i regionalnih centara, kako bi se ukazalo na promjene njihovih konkurentskih sposobnosti. Analize su ...provedene za tri relevantna razdoblja: razdoblje rasta prije globalne recesije (2001. – 2008.), razdoblje globalne recesije (2009. – 2014.) i razdoblje oporavka hrvatskoga gospodarstva (2015. – 2019.). Zaposlenost je jedan od najznačajnijih pokazatelja gospodarskog rasta pa su u analizama upotrijebljeni podaci o dinamici zaposlenosti. U radu se upućuje na razlike u rastu zaposlenosti pojedinih hrvatskih gradova u odnosu na nacionalni prosjek te se nastoji utvrditi je li taj rast rezultat djelovanja strukturnih (egzogenih) čimbenika ili lokalnih (endogenih) čimbenika. Shift-share analizom dobiveni su izračuni regionalnog, strukturnog i lokalnog čimbenika. Utvrđeno je da su u godinama prije recesije veći gradovi u prosjeku imali znatno snažniji rast zaposlenosti od hrvatskog prosjeka. Lokalni čimbenik u predrecesijskom razdoblju imao je izrazito važnu ulogu u formiranju rasta zaposlenosti, u većini gradova značajniju od strukturnog čimbenika. Već su gradovi u recesiji zabilježili pad zaposlenosti približno jednakog intenziteta kao na državnoj razini, dok se u postrecesijskom razdoblju opaža njihov nešto sporiji oporavak od hrvatskog prosjeka. U recesijskom se razdoblju dogodio snažan pad lokalne konkurentnosti gradova čiji je značajniji oporavak u postrecesijskom razdoblju zasad izostao. Sve je manje gradova koji su po dinamici zaposlenosti iznad nacionalnog prosjeka. Iznadprosječan razvoj ostvarili su tijekom svih triju relevantnih razdoblja jedino Split, Zadar, Dubrovnik i Varaždin. U svim trima razdobljima lokalne konkurentske prednosti posjedovali su Split, Zadar, Slavonski Brod i Varaždin.
The paper analyses the importance of the river Mura as an axis of the Medimurje region. The term Medimurje has been analysed along with the analysis of similar toponyms used in historical and ...cartographic literature. Mura has influenced the re-shaping of the space and thus the revaluation of the space along the course of the river. Changes of the course of the rivers Mura and Drava have also influenced the borders changes of traditional regions of Medimurje and Podravina throughout the history. The research was aimed at the influence of the changes in space location in relationship to the natural border and the feeling of regional belonging of the local people. Following the protection of the riverside and the river Mura itself as part of the Regional Mura-Drava Park, one feels the need to establish the balance between the protection of the space and restriction of economic activities, which stresses the importance of maintained space development.
The paper analyses the importance of the river Mura as an axis of the Međimurje region. The term Međimurje has been analysed along with the analysis of similar toponyms used in historical and ...cartographic literature. Mura has influenced the re-shaping of the space and thus the revaluation of the space along the course of the river. Changes of the course of the rivers Mura and Drava have also influenced the borders changes of traditional regions of Međimurje and Podravina throughout the history. The survey revealed that the inhabitants of Legrad feel the sense of regional belonging to Podravina region notwithstanding the fact that it belonged to Međimurje region for the better part of its history. The research was aimed at the influence of the changes in space location in relationship to the natural border and the feeling of regional belonging of the local people. Following the protection of the riverside and the river Mura itself as part of the Regional Mura-Drava Park, one feels the need to establish the balance between the protection of the space and restriction of economic activities, which stresses the importance of maintained space development.
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