Additive Manufacturing technology can now speed up and improve the accuracy of the manufacturing process. Manufacturing products with 3D Metal printing gets simpler, quicker, and more precise. Recent ...studies showed that 3D metal printing with the type laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) could produce primary air fans (PAF) for industrial applications with a quality that can be compared with the existing model. LPBF manufacturing process showed errorless and had advantages compared with the traditional process, allowing the development of precise 3D shapes and sizes. The penetration tests with visual inspection revealed that the 3D printed product has no surface defects. The surface roughness test showed that the specimen has a slightly more refined surface than the original product. The chemical test showed that 3D metal printing materials resemble original model materials, with Aluminium 89.6% wt. and Silicon 9.57% wt., while other elements are less than 1%. The average hardness of 3D material metal printing is 91.6 HV, while the original model material is 106.03 HV. Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) tests indicate that the oxide that forms is Al2O3.
The current study investigates the effect of a hybrid L-profile aluminium/glass-fiber-reinforced polymer stacking sequence under axial and lateral compression loads. Four stacking sequences are ...studied: aluminium (A)-glass-fiber (GF)-AGF, GFA, GFAGF, and AGFA. In the axial compression test, the aluminium/GFRP hybrid tends to crush in a more progressive and stable failure than the net aluminium and net GFRP specimens, with a relatively more stable load-carrying capacity throughout the experimental tests. The AGF stacking sequence was second, with an energy absorption of 145.31 kJ, following AGFA at 157.19 kJ. The load-carrying capacity of AGFA was the highest, with an average peak crushing force of 24.59 kN. The second-highest peak crushing force, 14.94 kN, was achieved by GFAGF. The highest amount of energy absorption, 157.19 J, was achieved by the AGFA specimen. The lateral compression test showed a significant increase in load-carrying and energy absorption capacity in the aluminium/GFRP hybrid specimens compared to the net GFRP specimens. AGF had the highest energy absorption with 10.41 J, followed by AGFA with 9.49 J. AGF also had the highest peak crushing force with 2.98 kN, followed by AGFA with 2.16 kN. The most crashworthy stacking sequence among the four variations tested in this experimental research was the AGF stacking sequence because of its great load-carrying capacity, energy absorption, and specific energy absorption in axial and lateral loading. The study provides greater insight into the failure of hybrid composite laminates under lateral and axial compression.
The technology development of electrochemical energy storage devices including lithium-ion battery is urgently needed to support the increased demand for renewable energy and production growth of ...portable electronic devices. Extensive research on nanostructural engineering aims to improve battery performance in terms of capacity, energy density, cycling ability, and Coulombic efficiency. This review describes the concept of atomic layer deposition (ALD) and focuses on ALD for Li-ion battery. Within the last few years, interest in the nanostructured materials synthesized by ALD to enhance battery performance has rapidly improved. Given the urgent requirement for reliable materials for high battery performance, ALD is a robust method for developing and fabricating nanostructure materials for next-generation Li-ion batteries, especially in the design of anode and cathode electrodes of the batteries.
Hot corrosion has attracted researchers due to its complexity of mechanisms leading to a critical challenge for energy efficiency advancement. Literature on hot corrosion spans a wide range of ...discussions in materials, including metals or non-metals and operating environmental conditions. Hence it was difficult to overshadow the current status and future trends of hot corrosion research. Here we pioneered a bibliometric analysis to identify the research hotspot and possible anticipated future direction of the hot corrosion study. The results showed that at least six research hotspots can be derived after carefully classifying hot corrosion research literature based on their discussion and key findings. Some hotspots were inactive in recent years and brought complications in research direction prediction. Nevertheless, several future trends of hot corrosion research are suggested. This study provides beneficial ideas in enlightening hot corrosion research development.
Knowledge map of hot corrosion research: six research hotspots of the hot corrosion research field were elucidated.
With the goals of protecting boiler tubes from hostile surroundings, increasing thermal efficiency, and minimizing time losses from damage, thermal-spray coating methods for high-temperature ...operations were created. Ceramic-metal composite materials (e.g., Cr3C2-NiCr) are well known for protecting components from erosion decay in a high-temperature environment. In this investigation, the high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal-spray technique was employed to successfully deposit several variations of feedstocks containing Cr3C2-NiCr and NiCr powders onto a medium-carbon steel substrate, with and without filtering through a 400-mesh screen. Utilizing X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the microstructure features of the deposited coatings were assessed. The experiment results demonstrate that the crystallite and grain sizes of the deposited coatings can be increased by reducing the powder size through a sifting process using a 400-mesh sieve. This procedure also resulted in a coating with a higher density and lower porosity. Furthermore, new compounds including Cr2O3 and MnCr2O4 were formed in the coating layers as indicated by the XRD spectra. These phenomena are in good agreement with the EDS mapping of Cr and O, which reveals highly similar distributions. Manganese was originally a part of the substrate composition. Manganese could diffuse rapidly across the Cr2O3 layer and form the MnCr2O4 compound, indicating the manganese diffusion from the substrate into the Cr3C2-NiCr coating. The formation of MnCr2O4 can be attributed to the prior emergence of the Cr2O3 compound.
In this review, the discussion emphasized on the growth mechanisms of atomic layer deposition which consists of a theoretical model and experimentally growth as well as the measurement testing as ...evidences. The deposition process description with some testing evidences can be used to facilitate in the effort to understand the basic concept of ALD growth mechanisms. Some metal oxides like Al2O3, HfO2, and TiO2 with these employed precursors are typically used for the detailed illustration during the reaction steps. Although the surface chemistry of ALD process has been well understood, systematic description which combine a theoretical and experimentally growth mechanism is still missing. This paper aims to provide a better understanding of ALD growth mechanisms and surface chemistry which eventually able to contribute on the thin film growth processing.
This paper discusses the manufacturing process of rotor radial turbo-expanders for small Organic Rankine Cycle systems using additive manufacturing machine Selective Laser Melting (SLM) machine. The ...process manufacturing consists of data preparation, build job process, and process finishing product. Data preparations are include material preparations, build data preparation using software 3D design Solidworks, support management with software magics and additive manufacturing software with Autofab for build job process on SLM machine. The results shows rotor with material Aluminum Silicon Powder (AlSi) can be made with either the appropriate geometry design within 5hours with total cost for the whole processing is up to 11 milion IDR.
Deposition of NiCr-CrC(20NiCr) metal matrix composite (MMCs) coating have been applied on the substrate of boiler tubes material with High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray method and ...constant parameter. Variation of particle size and composition on MMCs was conducted to determined the optimum conditions for boiler applications. Microvickers hardness, metallography and thermal shock resistance testing were investigated. The best performance for boiler tubes application is MMC NiCr-CrC(20NiCr) with 270 mesh of NiCr particles size and 60:40 of composition as evidence by the highest of hardness value (410 Hv) and slightly of discoloration after thermal shock resistance with two variation cooling medium. While at MMC NiCr-CrC(20NiCr) with 70:30 variation composition, coating hardness value will decrease in line with the smaller of particle size of NiCr.
Study of Traction Characteristics of a Low Multi-Purpose Vehicle Pramana, Rakhmad Indra; Pikra, Ghalya; Purwanto, Andri Joko ...
2023 International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics, Intelligent Manufacture and Industrial Automation (ICAMIMIA),
2023-Nov.-14
Conference Proceeding
Vehicle traction performance is the vehicle's ability to move against the drag force that exists when the vehicle is operating. The power of the vehicle engine influences the capability of the ...vehicle, the choice of transmission level and ratio, and the type of transmission used so that sufficient driving force is required to overcome the drag force that occurs in the vehicle. This paper discusses the study of the traction characteristics of low multi-purpose vehicles. The study was carried out by calculating aerodynamic force, rolling resistance, and drag force due to grade angle at various velocities and gradeability to determine the total drag force. The study continued by calculating each gear transmission's driving force, net driving force, and maximum vehicle speed. The results show that the aerodynamic force has the lowest drag force, and the drag force due to the incline angle produces the highest drag force among the three drag forces that occur in the vehicle. Vehicles with 1 st gear transmission can move up to 50% gradeability, followed by 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th gears. Vehicles can drive well using 5 th and 6 th gear transmissions on flat roads.
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