In A Social History of the Late Ottoman Women, Duygu Köksal and Anastasia Falierou bring together new research on women of different geographies and communities of the late Ottoman Empire focusing ...particularly on the ways in which women gained power and exercised agency.
Due to the unique soil and morphological conditions prevailing in Izmir Bay basin, structural damage has been governed by site effects. Consistently, during October 30, 2020 M7.0 Samos Earthquake, ...which took place offshore of Samos Island, structural damage and life losses were observed to be concentrated in Bayrakli region of Izmir Bay, despite the fact that the fault rupture was at a distance of 65–75 km from the city of Izmir. Additionally, strong ground motions recorded in Izmir Bay showed unique site amplifications that were observed surprisingly at both rock and soil sites. Soil amplifications and duration elongations were mostly due to site effects governed by the response of very deep alluvial deposits of low plasticity. Similarly, due to very extensive faulting-induced fracturing and unusually stratified nature of rock sub-layers, unexpected long period amplifications were also observed at rock sites. These earthquake and site resonance effects were more pronounced in the period range of 0.5–1.5 s. When they were superposed with relatively coinciding natural period of 7–9 story residential buildings of Izmir City, it was concluded that the triple resonance effects among incoming rock ground motions, soil deposits, and the damaged buildings, amplified and prolonged the overall system response. Within the confines of this manuscript, the governing role of site effects leading to increased seismic demand was assessed, through a series of 1D equivalent linear, total stress-based site response assessments, the results of which clearly highlighted the variation of seismic demand in Izmir Bay.
•Samos Island earthquake produced rich long period rock spectral accelerations.•Deep soil sites in Izmir Bay, amplified these long period rich rock motions.•Due to resonance effects, 7-9 story buildings were subjected to larger shakings.•Site effects increased seismic demand and prolonged shaking duration.•These, along with poor design-construction practices caused structural damage.
On October 30th of 2020, 14:51 (GMT+3:00), Izmir city was hit by an earthquake of Mw = 7.0 magnitude (according to USGS). A rupture of 30–40 km of a west-east normal fault, which is roughly 12 km ...north to Samos Island caused significant damage, particularly in Izmir (Bornova plain). This study aims to present the preliminary field investigations, evaluation of structural damage as well as the possible geotechnical phenomenon affecting the damage that occurred. In this context, an extensive analysis of spectral characteristics of the earthquake and local site effects is presented. Field investigations reveal that there is a significant amplification of the rock acceleration along with a basin effect in the region, which results in a wider constant acceleration region. In addition, analysis of earthquake records shows a remarkable level of soil nonlinearity. Considering all these aspects, a detailed assessment of structural damage observed in Izmir Bayrakli District is presented. It is evident that, structures of poor construction details behaved as if they were affected by a near field earthquake. The structures to be constructed in alluvial zones such as Manavkuyu neighborhood should be designed considering the effects of soil amplification including basin effects and soil nonlinearity. To fulfill this aim, comparative results of 1D/2D/3D ground response analyses should be performed, for revising current earthquake codes.
To the extent that childhood stays with us through reminiscences, traces of memory and impressions, writing one’s childhood and recollections of growing up is an act of self-reflection and ...self-understanding. In many autobiographies, the part devoted to childhood is quite brief: narrating one’s childhood in detail is a difficult exercise in memory, and it may be felt that the subject is of lesser interest to readers than later life. However, although an autobiographical work is a combination of fact and fiction, personal accounts of growing up are important sources for historical research; firstly, because they provide clues to the psychological
This article reconsiders the role of nationalist literature in the making of Republican Turkey. In the 1980s and 1990s, Turkey witnessed the rise of identity politics and ideologies with Muslim and ...Ottomanist-oriented tones. It is often asserted that the major contradiction of identity politics in Turkey is between what can broadly be called the "Turkish-Islamic synthesis" and the radical, modernizing, official Kemalist nationalism. This article questions such a simplistic understanding of Turkish politics by articulating nationalist perspectives which oppose and criticize these two major ideologies. It discusses the work of three well-known nationalist writers, Kemal Tahir, Cemil Meriç and Attila I˙lhan in order to demonstrate the nuances of nationalist thinking and the possibilities that literature provides for extending the existing definitions of national identity in Turkey.
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