In this study, we introduce a novel genus,
, of the family Diatrypaceae comprising three species viz.
sp. nov. and
(basionym:
) and
(basionym:
).
sp. nov. is also introduced, which forms a distinct ...clade in
sensu stricto. The discovery of this new genus will contribute to expanding the knowledge and taxonomic framework of Diatrypaceae (Xylariales).
Generic delimitations in Diatrypaceae are unsettled because the phylogeny has yet to be resolved using extensive taxon sampling and sequencing of ex-type cultures. During an investigation of xylarialean fungi, we collected eutypella-like fungi which is distinct from
sensu stricto in our phylogenetic analyses (ITS and β-tubulin), thus, introduced as
gen. et sp. nov..
is characterised by having 4-25 perithecia in a stroma each with 3-6 sulcate, long ostiolar necks.
comb. nov. (basionym:
) is introduced on
sp. from China.
sp. nov. is introduced as a new species in
sensu stricto. which has 2-5 ascomata per stroma and long ascospores, unusual when compared to other
species and distinct phylogenetically.
•ID1 deficiency in the AML BMM disrupts the progression of AML, which is restored by Angptl7.•ID1 interacts with RNF4, attenuates SP1 ubiquitination, and contributes to the expression of ANGPTL7 in ...AML BM mesenchymal stem cells.
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The bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) can regulate leukemia stem cells (LSCs) via secreted factors. Increasing evidence suggests that dissecting the mechanisms by which the BMM maintains LSCs may lead to the development of effective therapies for the eradication of leukemia. Inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1), a key transcriptional regulator in LSCs, previously identified by us, controls cytokine production in the BMM, but the role of ID1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) BMM remains obscure. Here, we report that ID1 is highly expressed in the BMM of patients with AML, especially in BM mesenchymal stem cells, and that the high expression of ID1 in the AML BMM is induced by BMP6, secreted from AML cells. Knocking out ID1 in mesenchymal cells significantly suppresses the proliferation of cocultured AML cells. Loss of Id1 in the BMM results in impaired AML progression in AML mouse models. Mechanistically, we found that Id1 deficiency significantly reduces SP1 protein levels in mesenchymal cells cocultured with AML cells. Using ID1-interactome analysis, we found that ID1 interacts with RNF4, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and causes a decrease in SP1 ubiquitination. Disrupting the ID1-RNF4 interaction via truncation in mesenchymal cells significantly reduces SP1 protein levels and delays AML cell proliferation. We identify that the target of Sp1, Angptl7, is the primary differentially expression protein factor in Id1-deficient BM supernatant fluid to regulate AML progression in mice. Our study highlights the critical role of ID1 in the AML BMM and aids the development of therapeutic strategies for AML.
Inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) is a transcriptional regulator found in normal and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cells that controls cytokine production in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). In a mechanistic study using primary patient samples and murine models, Fei et al identified a regulatory loop in which specific leukemogenic fusion proteins increase BMP6 expression that is then secreted into the BMM, where it upregulates ID1 in mesenchymal stromal cells and increases angiopoietin-like 7 (ANGPTL7) production, which in turn promotes leukemia growth in vitro and in vivo. These findings point to ID1 and the ANGPTL7 axis as therapeutic targets in AML.
The load and corrosion caused by the harsh marine environment lead to the severe degradation of offshore equipment and to their compromised security and reliability. In the quantitative risk ...analysis, the failure models are difficult to establish through traditional statistical methods. Hence, the calculation of the occurrence probability of small sample events is often met with great uncertainty. In this study, the Bayesian statistical method is implemented to analyze the oil and gas leakages of FPSO internal turret, which is a typical small sample risk but could lead to severe losses. According to the corresponding failure mechanism, two Bayesian statistical models using the Weibull distribution and logarithmic normal distribution as the population distribution are established, and the posterior distribution of the corresponding parameters is calculated. The optimal Bayesian statistical model is determined according to the Bayesian information criterion and Akaike criterion. On the basis of the determined optimal model, the corresponding reliability index is solved to provide basic data for the subsequent risk assessments of FPSO systems.
For screening bilobalide (BB)-producing endophytic fungi from medicinal plant
Ginkgo biloba
, a total of 57 fungal isolates were isolated from the internal stem, root, leaf, and bark of the plant
G. ...biloba
. Fermentation processes using BB-producing fungi other than
G. biloba
may become a novel way to produce BB, which is a terpene trilactones exhibiting neuroprotective effects. In this study, a BB-producing endophytic fungal strain GZUYX13 was isolated from the leaves of
G. biloba
grown in the campus of Guizhou University, Guiyang city, Guizhou province, China. The strain produced BB when grown in potato dextrose liquid medium. The amount of BB produced by this endophytic fungus was quantified to be 106 μg/L via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), substantially lower than that produced by the host tissue. The fungal BB which was analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and HPLC was proven to be identical to authentic BB. The strain GZUYX13 was identified as
Pestalotiopsis uvicola
via morphology and ITS rDNA phylogeny. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the isolation and identification of endophytic BB-producing
Pestalotiopsis
spp. from the host plant, which further proved that endophytic fungi have the potential to produce bioactive compounds.
Chaetosphaeriaceae is a genera-rich and highly diverse group of fungi with a worldwide distribution in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Eight fresh collections of Chaetosphaeriaceae were obtained ...during investigations of hyaline-spored hyphomycetes in China and Thailand. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of a combined LSU and ITS sequence dataset, Chaetosphaeria obovoidea, Codinaea aseptata, Codinaeella hyalina, Dictyochaeta guizhouensis and Paragaeumannomyces guttulatus were introduced as new species, Codinaea terminalis was reported as new host record, and Codinaea dwaya and Phialosporostilbe scutiformis were introduced as new collections. Phylogenetic analysis in this study revealed that Chaetosphaeria was polyphyletic. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of new taxa and identified species are provided, as well as an updated phylogenetic tree to confirm the placements of these eight new collections.
From the rice fermentation product of a new record fungus,
, two new polyketides, neogrisphenol A (
) and neogrisphenol B (
), one new isochroman-1-one, (
...)-6-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3,5-dimethylisochroman-1-one (
), and four known compounds (
-
) were isolated. Their structures were determined using 1D- and 2D-NMR, mass spectrometry, and chemical calculations. The C-3~C-2' polymerization mode between the two
-naphthalenone derivative moieties is uncommon in compounds
and
. Meanwhile, compounds
-
and
exhibited antibacterial activity against
,
,
, and
, with MIC values ranging between 16 and 31 µg/mL. In addition, compound
showed antifungal activity against
and
, with respective IC
values of 88.14 ± 2.21 µg/mL and 52.36 ± 1.38 µg/mL. Compound
showed significant cytotoxicity against A2780, PC-3, and MBA-MD-231 cell lines with respective IC
values of 3.20, 10.68, and 16.30 µM, and the cytotoxicity against A2780 cells was even higher than that of cisplatin (CDDP). With an IC
value of 10.13 µM, compound
also exhibited cytotoxicity against A2780. The in vitro results showed that compound
inhibited A2780 cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle at the S-phase in a concentration-dependent manner.
Revision and phylogeny of Leptosphaeriaceae Ariyawansa, Hiran A.; Phukhamsakda, Chayanard; Thambugala, Kasun M. ...
Fungal diversity,
09/2015, Letnik:
74, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Leptosphaeriaceae is a family in the order Pleosporales comprising economically important plant pathogens. Species may also be endophytes or saprobes on various host plants. In recent classifications ...Alternariaster, Leptosphaeria, Neophaeosphaeria, Paraleptosphaeria, Heterospora, Subplenodomus and Plenodomus were included in the family. The taxonomy of genera and species in Leptosphaeriaceae has been problematic due to the lack of understanding of the importance of morphological characters used to distinguish taxa, as well as the lack of reference strains. In order to establish evolutionary relationships and to provide a backbone tree for Leptosphaeria and allied genera, we sequenced the 18S nrDNA, 28S nrDNA, ITS, RPB2, TEF and ACT gene regions of Leptosphaeriaceae species and analysed this data. Multi-locus phylogenies together with morphology robustly support the monophyletic nature of Leptosphaeriaceae among the other families in Pleosporales, and the inclusion of the genera Alternariaster, Heterospora, Leptosphaeria, Paraleptosphaeria, Sphaerellopsis, Subplenodomus, Plenodomus and three novel genera Alloleptosphaeria, Neoleptosphaeria and Pseudoleptosphaeria. Five new species, Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae, Leptosphaeria cichorium, Paraleptosphaeria rubi, Plenodomus guttulatus and P. salviae are introduced. An account of sexual morph of Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae is provided, and the sexual morph of Leptosphaeria doliolum is re-described and illustrated using modern concepts from fresh collections. A novel family Neophaeosphaeriaceae is established to accommodate the genus Neophaeosphaeria and its species.
We revisit the family Diademaceae based on available sequence data and morphology. Diademaceae is characterized by ascomata opening with a flat circular lid and fissitunicate, short orbicular ...frequently cylindrical, pedicellate asci. Ascospores are frequently circular in section but narrowing to one end with three or more transverse septa, without longitudinal septa, and mostly with a thick sheath. In recent treatments Clathrospora, Comoclathris, Diadema, Diademosa, and Graphyllium were placed in the family. Following molecular and morphological study, Clathrospora, Comoclathris, and Diademosa, are excluded from the family and referred to Pleosporaceae. Graphyllium is excluded from Diademaceae, based on hysterothecium-like ascomata with a longitudinal opening, and tentatively placed in Hysteriaceae with uncertainty; species with hysterothecia have now been accommodated in at least five families. The study accepts only Diadema in the family. The status of Diademaceae as a distinct family, based on the ascomata opening by a flat circular lid, is thought to be doubtful. Fresh collections of Diadema are needed for epitypification and to obtain sequence data to establish if this is a well-resolved family.
Collections of fungal samples from two dead leaf specimens from Italy were subjected to morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses. Two coelomycetous taxa belonging to two different genera ...in Xylariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, namely
and
, were identified. The
taxon is revealed as a new species and is herein introduced as
while the
taxon is identified as
. Multi-locus phylogeny based on DNA sequence data of the large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal genes, β-tubulin (
) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (
) showed that
is related to
but it forms an independent lineage that supports its new species status. The new taxon also differs from other
species by its unilocular to bilocular, superficial and applanate conidiomata with basal stroma composed of cells of
, elongate-ampulliform conidiogenous cells and conidia smaller in size.
is here reported as a new host record from
from Italy. Descriptions, illustrations and molecular data for both species are provided in this paper.
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