U radu se obrađuje povijest glagolske akcentuacije u štokavskom, tj. njezin razvoj od praslavenskoga do suvremenih dijalekata. Uz nešto manje detaljâ govori se i o glagolskoj akcentuaciji u čakavskom ...i kajkavskom. Naglasak je na rekonstrukciji i razvoju naglasnih paradigama u njihovu međuodnosu s kompleksnom glagolskom morfologijom. Glagoli su podijeljeni po prezentsko-infinitivnim vrstama i razredima te su unutar njih obrađeni svi glagolski oblici.
The paper discusses the history of verbal accentuation in Štokavian, i.e. its development from Proto-Slavic to modern dialects. The paper also discusses the verbal accentuation of Čakavian and Kajkavian but in less detail. The emphasis is on the reconstruction and development of accentual paradigms in relation with the complex verbal morphology. Verbs are grouped according to present-infinitive groups and subgroups. All verbal forms are discussed under each specific group.
U članku se govori o pojmovima preskripcije (procesa tehničkoga normiranja jezika), preskriptivizma (mistifikacije preskripcije) i ideologije standardnog jezika (mistifikacije standarda) koji se ...razjašnjavaju na osnovi primjerâ iz hrvatskog jezika. Osim toga, govori se o odnosu znanstvenoga i ideološkoga u raspravama o jeziku i jezičnoj politici te se zak-
ljučuje s pogledom na normiranje hrvatskoga u 21. stoljeću.
This is the sixth instalment in the discussion between Frederik Kortlandt and the author of this article on several problems of historical Slavic accentology. The paper discusses the reflection of ...pre- and posttonic length (in accentual paradigm
a
and
c
) in Western South Slavic and West Slavic, the reflection of the short neo-acute in Kajkavian and Czech, and the
kȍkōt
‘rooster’ type lengthening in accentual paradigm
c
in Štokavian and Čakavian. A few other topics are also shortly discussed – such as the accent of the genitive plural, the *obőrna ‘defence’ type accent, and the Čakavian
črnĩna
‘blackness’ and
dvorĩšće
‘courtyard’ type accent. Additionally, the paper deals with some issues concerning Kortlandt’s rather problematic methodology, rhetorics, discussion and presentation style.
Ovo je šesti članak u diskusiji između Frederika Kortlandta i autora ovog članka o raznim problemima povijesne slavenske akcentologije. U članku se raspravlja o odrazu prednaglasnih i zanaglasnih dužina (u naglasnoj paradigmi
a
i
c
) u zapadnojužnoslavenskom i zapadnoslavenskom, o odrazu kratkog neoakuta u kajkavskom i češkom i o duženju tipa
kȍkōt
u naglasnoj paradigmi
c
u štokavskom i čakavskom. Govori se ukratko i o još nekoliko tema – kao što su naglasak genitiva množine, naglasak prefiksalnih tvorbi poput *obőrna ‘obrana’ te o čakavskim naglasnim tipovima
črnĩna
i
dvorĩšće
. Dodatno se u članku raspravlja i o nekim problematičnim pojavama u vezi s Kortlandtovom metodologijom, retorikom, diskutiranjem i načinom prezentacije.
Osvrt na osvrt: o jezičnoj politici i objektivnosti Ranko Matasović (2019), recenzija knjige: Anðel Starčević, Mate Kapović & Daliborka Sarić 2019, Jeziku je svejedno, Sandorf, Zagreb Suvremena ...lingvistika 45/88: 279-284.
The article deals with the historical development of the accentuation of suffixless (root), *-ьnъ and *-ъkъ adjectives. Their development is analyzed in detail from their Proto-Slavic origin to their ...modern reflexes in Štokavian, Čakavian and Kajkavian dialects. The dialectal data is taken from previously published dialectal descriptions, but also from the author's own extensive and previously unpublished field data – mostly from Posavina and Vrgorska krajina. The analysis of the historical development of adjectival accentuation can provide us with interesting insights that go beyond the scope of adjectives. A careful historical study of adjectival accentuation reveals many interesting early changes and isoglosses in Štok/Čak/Kajk, helps us understand the modern dialectal forms, which are then far more useful from a comparative Slavic perspective and shed light on some important prosodic changes that occurred in the history of Štok/Čak/Kajk.
KROATŲ KALBOS BŪDVARDŽIŲ KIRČIAVIMO RAIDA (NEPRIESAGINIAI BŪDVARDŽIAI IR BŪDVARDŽIAI SU PRIESAGOMIS *-ьnъ, *-ъkъ)SantraukaStraipsnyje pristatoma kroatų kalbos būdvardžių kirčiavimo raidos apžvalga. Atskirai aptariama nepriesaginių būdvardžių ir būdvardžių su priesagomis *-ьnъ, *-ъkъ kirčiavimo raida nuo slavų prokalbės formų iki refleksų šiuolaikinėse štokavų, čakavų bei kaikavų tarmėse. Remiamasi anksčiau paskelbtais šnektų aprašais, taip pat paties autoriaus surinkta gausia iki šiol neskelbta tarmių medžiaga – daugiausia iš Posavinos ir Vrgorska Krajinos. Kruopšti būdvardžių kirčiavimo tarmėse analizė leidžia geriau suprasti ne ne tik pačių būdvardžių kirčiavimo istoriją, bet ir gerokai platesnes lyginamosios slavų kalbotyros problemas: straipsnyje atskleista nemažai reikšmingų ankstyvajame raidos etape vykusių prozodinių pakitimų ir štokavų-čakavų-kaikavų izoglosų, naujai interpretuotos kai kurios dabartinės tarmių formos.
The paper is a part of an ongoing discussion on various topics of historical Slavic accentology with Frederik Kortlandt. The topics discussed in the paper are: the reflex of the Proto-Slavic short ...neo-acute in Kajkavian; the reflex of pretonic and posttonic length in West and South Slavic; the reconstruction of the ending *-ъ in Slavic genitive plural, its accentuation, and the ending
-ā
in Štokavian and Slovene; the lengthening of the
bȏg
‘god’ and
kȍkōt
‘rooster’ type in Western South Slavic; the *obőrna ‘defense’ and *čьrnĩna ‘blackness’ type accent and retractions of contractional neo-circumflexes; the reflex of Slavic *ò in Slovak and Czech monosyllables; and the valence theory and Proto-Indo-European origin of Balto-Slavic accentuation.
Ovaj članak predstavlja nastavak rasprave s Frederikom Kortlandtom o raznim temama iz slavenske povijesne akcentologije. U članku je riječ o sljedećim temama: odrazu praslavenskog kratkog neoakuta u kajkavskom; odrazu prednaglasnih i zanaglasnih dužina u zapadnoslavenskom i južnoslavenskom; rekonstrukciji nastavka *-ъ u genitivu množine u slavenskom, o njegovu naglasku te o nastavku
-ā
u štokavskom i slovenskom; duženju tipa
bȏg
i
kȍkōt
u zapadnom južnoslavenskom; o riječima tipa *obőrna ‘obrana’ i *čьrnĩna ‘crnina’ te o retrakcijama kontrakcijskog neocirumfleksa; odrazu *ò u slovačkim i češkim jednosložicama; te o teoriji valentnosti i praindoeuropskom izvoru baltoslavenske akcentuacije.
The paper discusses the (up until now barely discussed in the literature) spread of the ending –i in e–stems (from forms like majki ‘mothers’ or Dalmatinki ‘Dalmatians’ with a cluster–ending stem to ...forms like baki ‘grandmothers’ or sezoni ‘seasons’) in modern standard or standard–like Štokavian. Examples of such genitival forms are adduced from living modern language (mostly from the internet) and the process is analyzed historically and structurally.
The paper discusses the accentual accommodation by speakers of the urban dialect of Zagreb (the capital of Croatia), which has a dynamic free accent, to the Standard Croatian (Neo-Štokavian) pitch ...accent (with rising and falling tones). The accommodation occurs in formal settings — the basis of this research is the corpus of 16 one-hour interviews with native Zagreb dialect speakers (8 male, 8 female) from a TV show on Croatian national television (HRT). The Zagreb dialect speakers cannot fully reproduce the prescribed standard accentuation, so they only approximate it by inconsistently changing the place of stress. The level of accommodation varies among speakers. The prescribed Croatian standard accentuation is different than in languages like English, because it cannot be acquired fully by many speakers due mainly to reasons of phonetic complexity. The basics of the Zagreb dialect accentuation and its complex relation to the standard language accentuation (due to many innovations in the dialect and a range of conservative and innovative varieties) are also analyzed. This paper is the first to describe the phenomenon in detail, based on concrete data.
PDF
