Differential cross sections for nuclear fragment yields at an angle of 3.5° in the fragmentation of carbon ions with an energy of 0.95 and 2.0 GeV/nucleon on a beryllium target have been measured. ...The momentum spectra of the fragments were used for testing predictions of few models of ion-ion interactions.
The results of thermographic investigations of the deasphalted oil obtained by deasphalting West Siberian oil tar with butane with the addition of zinc, nickel, and ferrous iron 2-ethylhexanoates and ...also without additives are presented. The effect of the metal-containing additives on the weight loss process and the change in the magnitude of heat fluxes during thermal exposure was established. The effect on the weight loss of samples of deasphalted oil containing ferrous salts with increase of temperature differs significantly from the effect of additives such as zinc and nickel salts.
The thermodestructive distillation of vacuum gasoil with the production of an ultradispersed catalytic system containing nickel was investigated. The results from the treatment of fuel oil with this ...catalytic system at a pilot plant are presented. It was established that in the presence of nickel 2-ethylhexanoate it is possible by thermodestructive distillation of vacuum gasoil up to 405°С to isolate 61.2 wt.% of distillate fractions. When 10 wt.% of the distillation residue formed during the distillation of vacuum gasoil was used in the treatment of fuel oil by thermal action 64.6 wt.% of distillate was obtained.
The roughness coefficients of erosion-control coatings based on geomats are studied. The roughness coefficients were calculated following an analysis of relevant publications. The process of ...determining the roughness coefficient of geomats filled with crushed stone and bitumen-polymer binder is described. Existing formulas for calculating the roughness coefficient of geomats are analyzed to identify the most optimal approaches. The obtained roughness coefficient values are compared with those reported in other studies on similar coatings.
A method is described for the preparation of nickel 2‑ethylhexanoate, which is a precursor of a nanoscale catalyst for the cracking of straight‑run fuel oil, vacuum gas oil, heavy oils, and heavy oil ...residues. The first step of this method involves the reaction of an aliphatic carboxylic acid with ammonium hydroxide taken in equivalent ratio in water at 20‑65°C for 20‑60 min to give an aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of this carboxylic acid. In the second step, an aqueous solution of a metal chloride is added to the solution of the ammonium salt and the resultant metal salt of the aliphatic carboxylic acid is extracted with an organic solvent. The yield of nickel 2‑ethylhexanoate ranged from 89 to 98% depending on the reaction conditions.
The differential cross sections for the yields of nuclear fragments at an angle of 3.5◦ in the fragmentation of carbon nuclei with energy 0.95 GeV per nucleon on a beryllium target were measured in ...the FRAGM experiment at the ITEP TWA heavy-ion accelerator. The momentum spectra of fragments were used to test the following four models of ion–ion interactions: BC, INCL++, LAQGSM03.03, and QMD. For light fragments, the slope parameters of the kinetic-energy spectra were obtained in the cumulative region.
Momentum spectra of all long-lived fragments from 12C fragmentation at 3.5° have been measured. Differential cross sections span up to five orders of its magnitude. The preliminary results are ...compared with predictions of two transport codes: INCL++ and LAQGSM03.03. Both models give a good description of the data except few items which are discussed.
Momentum distributions of hydrogen and helium isotopes from 12C fragmentation at 3.5° were measured at 0.6 GeV/nucleon in the FRAGM experiment at ITEP TWA heavy ion accelerator. The fragments were ...selected by correlated time of flight and dE/dx measurements with a magnetic spectrometer with scintillation counters. The main attention was drawn to the high momentum region where the fragment velocity exceeds the velocity of the projectile nucleus. The momentum spectra of fragments span the region of the fragmentation peak as well as the cumulative region. The differential cross sections cover six orders of magnitude. The distributions measured are compared to the predictions of three ion-ion interaction models: BC, QMD and LAQGSM03.03. The kinetic energy spectra of fragments in the projectile rest frame have an exponential shape with two temperatures, being defined by their slope parameters.
The yields of long-lived nuclear fragments at an angle of 3.5° that originate fromthe fragmentation of carbon ions with an energy of
T
0
= 0.6 GeV per nucleon on a berylliumtarget were measured in ...the FRAGMexperiment at the ITEP TWA heavy-ion accelerator. The momentum spectra of these fragments cover both the fragmentation-maximum region and the cumulative region. The respective differential cross sections change by about five orders of magnitude. The momentum distributions of fragments in the laboratory frame and their kinetic-energy distributions in the rest frame of the fragmenting nucleus are used to test the predictions of four models of ion–ion interactions: BC, INCL++, LAQGSM03.03, and QMD.
Differential cross sections for the production of nuclear fragments at an angle of 3.5degrees in the fragmentation of 2-GeV/nucleon carbon ions on a beryllium target were measured in the FRAGM ...experiment performed at the ITEP-TWA heavy-ion accelerator--accumulator complex. The predictions of four Monte Carlo models of ion--ion interactions (BC, INCL, LAQGSM, and QMD) were tested on the basis of a comparison with the momentum spectra of fragments. Successes and drawbacks of these models are discussed. The energy spectra of protons and sup.3He nuclei in the cumulative region in the projectile rest frame are well described by an exponential dependence, which make it possible to estimate temperature parameters of their emission source.
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