We report a self-biased and transparent Cu4O3/TiO2 heterojunction for ultraviolet photodetection. The dynamic photoresponse improved 8.5 × 104% by adding silver nanowires (AgNWs) Schottky contact and ...maintaining 39% transparency. The current density–voltage characteristics revealed a strong interfacial electric field, responsible for zero-bias operation. In addition, the dynamic photoresponse measurement endorsed the effective holes collection by embedded-AgNWs network, leading to fast rise and fall time of 0.439 and 0.423 ms, respectively. Similarly, a drastic improvement in responsivity and detectivity of 187.5 mAW–1 and of 5.13 × 109 Jones, is observed, respectively. The AgNWs employed as contact electrode can ensure high-performance for transparent and flexible optoelectronic applications.
Ni‐rich layered LiNixCoyMn1−x−yO2 (LNCM) with Ni content over >90% is considered as a promising lithium ion battery (LIB) cathode, attributed by its low cost and high practical capacity. However, ...Ni‐rich LNCM inevitably suffers rapid capacity fading at a high state of charge due to the mechanochemical breakdown; in particular, the microcrack formation has been regarded as one of the main culprits for Ni‐rich layered cathode failure. To address these issues, Ni‐rich layered cathodes with a textured microstructure are developed by phosphorous and boron doping. Attributed by the textured morphology, both phosphorous‐ and boron‐doped cathodes suppress microcrack formation and show enhanced cycle stability compared to the undoped cathode. However, there exists a meaningful capacity retention difference between the doped cathodes. By adapting the various analysis techniques, it is shown that the boron‐doped Ni‐rich layered cathode displays better cycle stability not only by its ability to suppress microcracks during cycling but also by its primary particle morphology that is reluctant to oxygen evolution. The present work reveals that not only restraint of particle cracks but also suppression of oxygen release by developing the oxygen stable facets is important for further improvements in state‐of‐the‐art Li ion battery Ni‐rich layered cathode materials.
Herein, the effect of boron doping on oxygen stability in LiNi0.92Co0.04Mn0.04O2 (LNCM) lithium ion battery cathodes is systematically investigated using various measurements. The boron‐doped LNCM produces the textured microstructure with more oxygen stabilized facets, thus not only aiding in restraining the particle cracks but also effectively suppressing the oxygen evolution to improve the cycle stability.
Receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 （RIP3 or RIPK3） is an essential part of the cellular machinery that executes ＂programmed＂ or ＂regulated＂ necrosis. Here we show that programmed necrosis is ...activated in response to many chemotherapeutic agents and contributes to chemotherapy-induced cell death. However, we show that RIP3 expres- sion is often silenced in cancer cells due to genomic methylation near its transcriptional start site, thus RIP3-depen- dent activation of MLKL and downstream programmed necrosis during chemotherapeutic death is largely repressed. Nevertheless, treatment with hypomethylating agents restores RIP3 expression, and thereby promotes sensitivity to chemotherapeutics in a RIP3-dependent manner. RIP3 expression is reduced in tumors compared to normal tissue in 85% of breast cancer patients, suggesting that RIP3 deficiency is positively selected during tumor growth/develop- ment. Since hypomethylating agents are reasonably well-tolerated in patients, we propose that RIP3-deficient cancer patients may benefit from receiving hypomethylating agents to induce RIP3 expression prior to treatment with con- ventional chemotherapeutics.
Background
Obesity increases the risk of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer. However, the obesity-related parameters that are best for assessing the risk of colorectal adenoma development ...remain unclear. We analyzed the parameters that may best describe the association between obesity and colorectal adenoma development.
Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, 3405 individuals underwent screening colonoscopy during routine health examinations. We measured body mass index; waist circumference; and metabolic parameters such as high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, glucose, triglyceride, and systolic blood pressure. We analyzed the risk of developing colorectal adenoma, relative to obesity-related parameters, over a mean interval of 5.8 years from baseline colonoscopy.
Results
In a multivariate analysis, waist circumference was the only obesity-related marker associated with an increased risk of metachronous colorectal adenoma. Men with waist circumferences ≥85 cm and women with waist circumference ≥82 cm had a 31% increased risk of metachronous colorectal adenoma compared to those with smaller waist circumferences odds ratio (OR) 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI, 1.09–1.57). Other factors associated with metachronous colorectal adenoma were age (OR, 1.03; 95% CI 1.02–1.04), male sex (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.17–1.88), alcohol consumption ≥3/week (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.10–1.62), the number of adenoma at baseline (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.10–1.33), and the presence of advanced adenoma at baseline (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.24–2.06).
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that central obesity, represented by waist circumference, is a significant predictor of metachronous colorectal adenoma, independent of body mass index and other metabolic variables.
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•Nitrogen-incorporated nanoporous carbon polyhedron is derived from MOF.•Hierarchically open-porous structure is constructed for capacitive deionization.•MOF derived carbons exhibits ...a high capacity of 24.4 mg/g in saline water.•Carbon polyhedron shows enhanced salt adsorption rate performance.
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is considered as a simple, robust, and environmentally favorable technology for water treatment. High performance electrode materials beyond commercial activated carbons (AC) should be developed for the practical application of CDI. Herein, we demonstrate hierarchically open-porous nitrogen-incorporated activated nanoporous carbon polyhedron (A-NCP) derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for high performance CDI electrodes. Owing to the 3D morphology with open nanoporous surface, macroporous channels by interlinked polyhedron particles, and electric conductivity by doped nitrogen, A-NCP delivers a high desalination capacity of 24.4 mg/g with a low concentration of 100 mg/mL at 1.2 V, revealing faster kinetic performance than that of commercial AC in the batch-mode CDI. Varying operating conditions such as applied voltage, concentration, and feed rate of saline water in a single-pass experiment, high salt adsorption capacity and fast ion removal of A-NCP are obtained, achieving high position of CDI Ragone plot.
In the healthy endometrium, progesterone and estrogen signaling coordinate in a tightly regulated, dynamic interplay to drive a normal menstrual cycle and promote an embryo-receptive state to allow ...implantation during the window of receptivity. It is well-established that progesterone and estrogen act primarily through their cognate receptors to set off cascades of signaling pathways and enact large-scale gene expression programs. In endometriosis, when endometrial tissue grows outside the uterine cavity, progesterone and estrogen signaling are disrupted, commonly resulting in progesterone resistance and estrogen dominance. This hormone imbalance leads to heightened inflammation and may also increase the pelvic pain of the disease and decrease endometrial receptivity to embryo implantation. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms governing progesterone and estrogen signaling supporting endometrial function and how they become dysregulated in endometriosis. Understanding how these mechanisms contribute to the pelvic pain and infertility associated with endometriosis will open new avenues of targeted medical therapies to give relief to the millions of women suffering its effects.
Hydrogels have been applied to improve stem cell therapy and drug delivery, but current hydrogel‐based delivery methods are inefficient in clinical settings due to difficulty in handling and ...treatment processes, and low off‐the‐shelf availability. To overcome these limitations, an adhesive hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel patch is developed that acts as a ready‐to‐use tissue tape for therapeutic application. The HA hydrogel patches functionalized with phenolic moieties (e.g., catechol, pyrogallol) exhibit stronger tissue adhesiveness, greater elastic modulus, and increased off‐the‐shelf availability, compared with their bulk solution gel form. With this strategy, stem cells are efficiently engrafted onto beating ischemic hearts without injection, resulting in enhanced angiogenesis in ischemic regions and improving cardiac functions. HA hydrogel patches facilitate the in vivo engraftment of stem cell–derived organoids. The off‐the‐shelf availability of the hydrogel patch is also demonstrated as a drug‐loaded ready‐made tissue tape for topical drug delivery to promote wound healing. Importantly, the applicability of the cross‐linker‐free HA patch is validated for therapeutic cell and drug delivery. The study suggests that bioinspired phenolic adhesive hydrogel patches can provide an innovative method for simple but highly effective cell and drug delivery, increasing the off‐the‐shelf availability—a critically important component for translation to clinical settings.
Tissue tape hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel patches with catechol or pyrogallol modification exhibit significantly improved physical, mechanical, and adhesive properties over the HA solution hydrogel form. The phenolic HA hydrogel patches are ready‐to‐use for stem cell therapy and therapeutic drug delivery, increasing off‐the‐shelf availability and enabling successful therapeutic applications even without cross‐linking agents.
Globally, soybean is a major protein and oil crop. Enhancing our understanding of the soybean domestication and improvement process helps boost genomics-assisted breeding efforts. Here we present a ...genome-wide variation map of 10.6 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 1.4 million indels for 781 soybean individuals which includes 418 domesticated (Glycine max), 345 wild (Glycine soja), and 18 natural hybrid (G. max/G. soja) accessions. We describe the enhanced detection of 183 domestication-selective sweeps and the patterns of putative deleterious mutations during domestication and improvement. This predominantly selfing species shows 7.1% reduction of overall deleterious mutations in domesticated soybean relative to wild soybean and a further 1.4% reduction from landrace to improved accessions. The detected domestication-selective sweeps also show reduced levels of deleterious alleles. Importantly, genotype imputation with this resource increases the mapping resolution of genome-wide association studies for seed protein and oil traits in a soybean diversity panel.
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