Purpose
To evaluate functional outcomes and morbidity rates after laparoscopic adenomectomy (LA) and Eraser laser enucleation of the prostate (ELEP).
Materials and methods
Forty patients with lower ...urinary tract symptoms suggesting bladder outlet obstruction, with a prostate heavier than 70 g on transrectal ultrasound, were selected to undergo laparoscopic adenomectomy or Eraser laser enucleation of the prostate. All patients were consecutively enrolled without randomization and assessed preoperatively, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Baseline characteristics, perioperative data, and postoperative outcomes were compared.
Results
The total operating time was significantly longer in the LA group (138.8 ± 11.4 vs. 78.4 ± 10.0 min,
p
< 0.000001). Catheter removal was performed earlier (61.2 ± 21.3 vs. 174.0 ± 13.2 h,
p
< 0.000001) and the hospital stay was significantly shorter (62.4 ± 21.2 vs. 187.2 ± 12.6 h,
p
< 0.000001) in the ELEP group. The latter group experienced significantly less perioperative hemoglobin (Hb) loss (0.71 ± 0.25 vs. 2.15 ± 1.08 g/dl,
p
< 0.000001), and their postoperative Hb levels (14.1 ± 1.21 vs. 11.7 ± 1.31 g/dl,
p
< 0.000001) were significantly higher. The resected tissue was significantly greater in the LA group (58.5 ± 23.3 vs. 87.9 ± 22.4 g,
p
= 0.0002). Significant improvements in Qmax, Qol, and symptom scores from baseline to each follow-up time point were noted in both groups. No statistically significant difference in symptom scores or Qmax was registered between the LA and the ELEP group throughout the follow-up period.
Conclusion
Laparoscopic adenomectomy and ELEP were equally effective for relieving bladder outflow obstruction and lower urinary tract symptoms. The advantages of ELEP include less blood loss, shorter catheterization times, and shorter hospital stays.
Wearables are lightweight, portable technology devices that are traditionally used to monitor physical activity and workload as well as basic physiological parameters such as heart rate. However ...recent advances in monitors have enabled better algorithms for estimation of caloric expenditure from heart rate for use in weight loss as well as sport performance. can be used for estimating energy expenditure and nutritional demand. Recently, the military has adopted the use of personal wearables for utilization in field studies for ecological validity of training. With popularity of use, the need for validation of these devices for caloric estimates is needed to assist in work-rest cycles. Thus the purpose of this effort was to evaluate the Polar Grit X for energy expenditure (EE) for use in military training exercises. Polar Grit X Pro watches were worn by active-duty elite male operators (
= 16; age: 31.7 ± 5.0 years, height: 180.1 ± 6.2 cm, weight: 91.7 ± 9.4 kg). Metrics were measured against indirect calorimetry of a metabolic cart and heart rate via a Polar heart rate monitor chest strap while exercising on a treadmill. Participants each performed five 10-minute bouts of running at a self-selected speed and incline to maintain a heart rate within one of five heart rate zones, as ordered and defined by Polar. Polar Grit X Pro watch had a good to excellent interrater reliability to indirect calorimetry at estimating energy expenditure (ICC = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.61-0.89,
(74,17.3) = 11.76,
< 0.0001) and a fair to good interrater reliability in estimating macronutrient partitioning (ICC = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.3-0.65,
(74,74.54) = 2.98,
< 0.0001). There is a strong relationship between energy expenditure as estimated from the Polar Grit X Pro and measured through indirect calorimetry. The Polar Grit X Pro watch is a suitable tool for estimating energy expenditure in free-living participants in a field setting and at a range of exercise intensities.
During periods of high-volume vigorous exercise, United States Marine Corps recruits often experience musculoskeletal injuries. While the program of instruction (POI) for basic training is a defined ...training volume, the total workload of boot camp, including movements around the base, is unknown.
The present study aimed to quantify the daily total workload, energy expenditure, and sleep during basic recruit training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD) San Diego.
Eighty-four male recruits from MCRD San Diego wore wrist wearable physiological monitors to capture their complete workload (mileage from steps), energy expenditure, and sleep throughout the 10-week boot camp.
Marine recruits traveled an average of 11.5±3.4 miles per day (M±SD), expended 4105±823 kcal per day, and slept an average of 5 : 48±1 : 06 hours and minutes per night. While the POI designates a total of 46.3 miles of running and hiking, the actual daily average miles yielded approximately 657.6±107.2 miles over the 10-week boot camp.
Recruit training requires high physical demand and time under tension due to the cumulative volume of movements around base in addition to the POI planned physical training.
Urban areas next to mangroves are subject to progressive heavy metal contamination. Treelets of
Inga laurina
were collected in this ecosystem and cultivated for 30 days in waterlogged conditions and ...closed pots (WC) and at field capacity (FC), while exposed to different Cd concentrations (0, 50 and 100 mg·kg
−1
). Soil water conditions did not affect total Cd in plants, with Cd accumulating in roots and WC inducing less leaf chlorophyll while increasing carotenoids and chlorophyll ratio. Higher net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and Ci/Ca ratio were observed under the highest Cd concentration and WC, while being conservative in water consumption as shown by the reduction in both water use efficiencies. Nutritional uptake behaved differently for each element, with N, Mg and Ca not being affected by Cd under WC but K increasing with Cd. At FC, plants showed higher values than WC, with the highest Cd concentration at FC showing the highest values overall. Nutrient allocation in organs was affected by WC in N, Mg, K, P and Ca but only P by Cd, with WC reducing nutrients overall and N, Mg and Ca behaving the same in both soil conditions while K was lowered in leaves and increased in roots under WC. P allocation under WC was not hindered by Cd even showing higher values in it than FC in some treatments. Altogether, results indicate that
I. laurina
can be considered a Cd-tolerant species, especially in WC and it presents a potential to be used as a phytoremediator plant.
Calcium homeostasis balances passive calcium leak and active calcium uptake. Human Bax inhibitor–1 (hBI-1) is an antiapoptotic protein that mediates a calcium leak and is representative of a highly ...conserved and widely distributed family, the transmembrane Bax inhibitor motif (TMBIM) proteins. Here, we present crystal structures of a bacterial homolog and characterize its calcium leak activity. The structure has a seven-transmembrane-helix fold that features two triple-helix sandwiches wrapped around a central C-terminal helix. Structures obtained in closed and open conformations are reversibly interconvertible by change of pH. A hydrogen-bonded, pKa (where Ka is the acid dissociation constant)–perturbed pair of conserved aspartate residues explains the pH dependence of this transition, and biochemical studies show that pH regulates calcium influx in proteoliposomes. Homology models for hBI-1 provide insights into TMBIM-mediated calcium leak and cytoprotective activity.
BACKGROUND/AIMS/OBJECTIVES: To describe the depth of the laser coagulation zone in vivo based on histological examinations and the functional outcome of a 1,318-nm diode laser for enucleation in ...benign prostatic enlargement (BPE).
A total of 20 patients with BPE were treated by laser Eraser® enucleation of the prostate (ELEP). Prostatic tissue wedges were evaluated to assess the depth of the ELEP coagulation zones. Additionally, patients were assessed preoperatively and 12 months postoperatively.
The coagulation zones were 0.36 ± 0.17 mm in epithelial tissue, 0.28 ± 0.15 mm in stromal tissue, and 0.25 ± 0.12 mm in mixed tissue. The coagulation area at the cutting edge completely sealed capillary vessels, reaching a depth of 0.35 ± 0.15 mm. The diameter of the coagulated vessels measured 1.75 ± 0.83 mm. Mean blood loss was 115.54 ± 93.12 ml, catheter time 1.35 ± 0.33 days, and hospital stay 1.89 ± 0.52 days. The International Prostate Symptom Score, maximal flow rate, and quality of life significantly improved 12 months after the procedure.
ELEP is safe and effective for BPE treatment and yields good results at a follow-up of 1 year. Because of the limited penetration depth, damage to the urinary sphincter is not expected.
We extract the e+e−→π+π− cross section in the energy range between 600 and 900 MeV, exploiting the method of initial state radiation. A data set with an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 taken at a ...center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider is used. The cross section is measured with a systematic uncertainty of 0.9%. We extract the pion form factor |Fπ|2 as well as the contribution of the measured cross section to the leading-order hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to (g−2)μ. We find this value to be aμππ,LO(600–900MeV)=(368.2±2.5stat±3.3sys)⋅10−10, which is between the corresponding values using the BaBar or KLOE data.
Pest insects have a profound negative impact on agriculture and human health. Significant global losses of crops, stored agricultural products, timber and livestock can be attributed to damage and ...destruction by insects 1. Blood-feeding insects such as mosquitoes, flies and ticks transmit many of humanity's most devastating infectious diseases. Insect-borne diseases account for more than one million annual fatalities, and insect-associated illnesses surpass 300 million annual reported cases 2. The medical and economic impact of these animals can be ascribed in part to the sensitivity and selectivity of their olfactory systems, essential for location of their preferred plant and animal hosts.
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