We review the financial economics-based research on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) with an emphasis on corporate finance. In doing so we focus ...on the most debated and researched issues. Although a firm's ESG/CSR profile and activities are shown to be strongly related to the firm's market, leadership and owner characteristics as well its risk, performance and value, there still exist conflicting hypotheses and results that we show are not resolved, leading to continued questions and a need for more research.
•• Firms ESG/CSR profiles are related to their market, leadership and ownership characteristics.•• Firms ESG/CSR profiles are associated with firm risk, performance and value
A widely accepted model for the evolution of cave animals posits colonization by surface ancestors followed by the acquisition of adaptations over many generations. However, the speed of cave ...adaptation in some species suggests mechanisms operating over shorter timescales. To address these mechanisms, we used
, a teleost with ancestral surface morphs (surface fish, SF) and derived cave morphs (cavefish, CF). We exposed SF to completely dark conditions and identified numerous altered traits at both the gene expression and phenotypic levels. Remarkably, most of these alterations mimicked CF phenotypes. Our results indicate that many cave-related traits can appear within a single generation by phenotypic plasticity. In the next generation, plasticity can be further refined. The initial plastic responses are random in adaptive outcome but may determine the subsequent course of evolution. Our study suggests that phenotypic plasticity contributes to the rapid evolution of cave-related traits in
.
I develop fund-level measures of the similarity in trading of mutual fund managers, resulting in the identification of leaders, contemporaneously herding managers, and followers. I find evidence of a ...persistent group of funds whose trades lead the aggregate trades of the mutual fund industry; these leader funds exhibit strong subsequent performance, consistent with informed trading. By contrast, there is no evidence that managers that trade together, either contemporaneously or with a lag, outperform. These findings suggest that managers of leader funds receive in advance private signals regarding the information upon which other funds focus.
This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance
.
Graphenylene Nanotubes Koch, Andrew T; Khoshaman, Amir H; Fan, Harrison D. E ...
The journal of physical chemistry letters,
10/2015, Letnik:
6, Številka:
19
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A new type of carbon nanotube, based on the graphenylene motif, is investigated using density functional and tight-binding methods. Analogous to conventional graphene-based nanotubes, a ...two-dimensional graphenylene sheet can be “rolled” into a seamless cylinder in armchair, zigzag, or chiral orientations. The resulting nanotube can be described using the familiar (n,m) nomenclature and possesses 4-, 6-, and 12-membered rings, with three distinct bond lengths, indicating a nonuniform distribution of the electron density. The dodecagonal rings form pores, 3.3 Å in diameter in graphenylene, which become saddle-shaped paraboloids in smaller-diameter nanotubes. Density functional theory predicts zigzag nanotubes to be small-band gap semiconductors, with a generally decreasing band gap as the diameter increases. Interestingly, the calculations predict metallic characteristics for armchair nanotubes with small diameters (<2 nm), and small-band gap semiconducting characteristics for larger-diameter ones. Graphenylene nanotubes with indices mod(n–m,3) = 0 exhibit a band gap approximately equal to that of armchair graphenylene nanotubes with comparable diameter.
Common ownership and competition in product markets Koch, Andrew; Panayides, Marios; Thomas, Shawn
Journal of financial economics,
January 2021, 2021-01-00, 20210101, Letnik:
139, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We investigate the relation between common institutional ownership of the firms in an industry and product market competition. We find that common ownership is neither robustly positively related ...with industry profitability or output prices nor is it robustly negatively related with measures of nonprice competition, as would be expected if common ownership reduces competition. This conclusion holds regardless of industry classification choice, common ownership measure, profitability measure, nonprice competition proxy, or model specification. Our point estimates are close to zero with tight bounds, rejecting even modestly sized economic effects. We conclude that antitrust restrictions seeking to limit intra-industry common ownership are not currently warranted.
This introductory chapter defines the phrase gateway courses, describes why these courses are one of the most compelling issues in the contemporary student success movement, and details what is at ...stake if the issues associated with these courses are left unaddressed.
Background: As competency-based medical education (CBME) curricula are introduced in residency programs across Canada, systematic evaluation efforts are needed to ensure fidelity of implementation. ...This study evaluated early outcomes of CBME implementation in one Canadian Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation program that was an early adopter of CBME, with an aim to inform continuous quality improvement initiatives and CBME implementation nationwide. Methods: Using Rapid Evaluation methodology, informed by the CBME Core Components Framework, the intended outcomes of CBME were compared to actual outcomes. Results: Results suggested that a culture of feedback and coaching already existed in this program prior to CBME implementation, yet faculty felt that CBME added a framework to support feedback. The small program size was valuable in fostering strong relationships and individualized learning. However, participants expressed concerns about CBME fostering a reductionist approach to the development of competence. Challenges existed with direct observation, clear expectations for off-service training experiences, and tracking trainee progress. There was trepidation surrounding national curricular change, yet the institution-wide approach to CBME implementation created shared experiences and a community of practice. Conclusions: Program evaluation can help understand gaps between planned versus enacted implementation of CBME, and foster adaptations to improve the fidelity of implementation.
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