The COVID-19 pandemic, which marked the whole of 2020, caused numerous difficulties in the economies and the health systems of all countries and led to a global economic and health crisis. This paper ...explores citizens' attitudes towards tourism on Croatian islands during the COVID-19 pandemic using survey data from over 200 islanders. The results reveal that almost one-third of the citizens considered the islands overcrowded with tourists in the pre-pandemic period. The survey results indicate a link between the expected impact of the development of tourism, citizens' attitudes towards tourism, and their willingness to take a larger health risk due to the pandemic. The results also show that islanders' attitudes toward economic measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic were not homogenous and were significantly different depending on the size of the island.
Renewable energy sources (RES) play a key role in achieving the European Union’s energy and climate objectives. As a member of the European Union, Croatia has committed to adopting European Directive ...2009/28/EC, a directive on promoting the use of RES. Croatia shows good potential for the use of different types of RES. In the period 2009–2019, the share of renewable energy in energy consumption increased from 23.6 to 28.5 percent. The Croatian energy strategy aims to increase the national share of renewable energy to at least 32 percent by 2030. Acceptance and public support are essential for renewable energy to be introduced into energy policy and particularly to encourage renewable energy implementation in the residential sector. The purpose of the paper is to explore the public perception of renewable energy and citizens’ willingness to pay for the use of RES. Data were collected through a 2021 survey of citizens 18 years and older. The survey results show a low level of implementation of RES technology in the residential sector; more than 80 percent of respondents did not use any sources of renewable energy in their households. Results related to respondents’ knowledge of different sources of renewable energy suggest they have the most knowledge of solar, wind, and hydropower energy. Respondents believe that combating climate change, reducing dependency on energy imports, reducing environmental impacts, and improving health are the most important benefits of RES implementation. The survey reveals general support for RES among respondents; almost 89 percent of them would purchase renewable energy from local suppliers. In addition, 79 percent of survey participants were willing to pay for the introduction of RES technology into their households. The research shows that environmental concerns are the primary reason for citizens’ higher willingness to pay for RES.
Energy efficiency is an important element of Europe's Climate and Energy scheme to meet the target of a 20% reduction in energy demand by 2020. To achieve this goal, it is essential to transform to ...low-carbon economy and much of required transformations take place at the local and regional level, while regional authorities have the tools to influence and encourage this process.
The paper presents the results of a survey relating to the energy efficiency projects conducted among councilors at the regional level. The paper investigates local councilors' attitudes about the impact of energy efficiency projects, prerequisites for successful implementation of energy efficiency projects and preconditions for efficient public procurement in the field of energy efficiency. Survey results could provide some useful insights for policy recommendations in the field of energy efficiency.
U fokusu ovog rada analiza je osiguranja vinograda. Iako postoje tehnološki načini zaštite vinograda od elementarnih nepogoda, koji su u određenoj mjeri i učinkoviti, osiguranje i nadoknada štete još ...uvijek jedan je od značajnih instrumenata upravljanja rizikom. Tržište poljoprivrednog osiguranja, u Hrvatskoj je nedovoljno razvijeno. Broj zaključenih ugovora poljoprivrednog osiguranja u Hrvatskoj posljednjih godina ipak raste i to uglavnom kao posljedica češćih pojava intenzivnih elementarnih nepogoda, a proračunska sredstva namijenjena za naknadu šteta od elementarnih nepogoda su nedostatna. Cilj rada je ispitati razvijenost tržišta poljoprivrednog osiguranja u Hrvatskoj i ispitati percepcije vinogradara – vinara vezane uz korištenje osiguranja kao instrumenta za upravljanje rizikom u vinogradarstvu. Percepcije vinogradara o korištenju osiguranja kao instrumenta upravljanja rizikom ispitane su anketnim istraživanjem vinogradara u Istri. Rezultati anketnog istraživanja upotpunjeni su i rezultatima intervjua izabranih osiguravajućih društava. Rezultati ankete vinogradara i intervjui osiguravajućih društava pokazuju da se osiguranje vinograda kao instrument za upravljanje rizikom u poljoprivredi ne koristi u dovoljnoj
mjeri. Pritom, osiguravajuća društva ocjenjuju da u Hrvatskoj postoji potražnja za poljoprivrednim osiguranjem, ali da je ona nedovoljna i neproporcionalna broju i veličini nasada.
The focus of this paper is an analyses of vineyards insurance. Though effective technical ways of protecting against natural disasters do exist, nonetheless, insurance and compensation for damages is still one of the most important risk management instruments. In Croatia, the agricultural insurance market remains insufficiently developed. The number of signed contracts for agricultural insurance in recent years has increased due to the frequency and intensity of natural disasters (as a consequence of climate change). In addition, budgeted funds for compensation is still insufficient. The aim of this paper is to examine the development of the agricultural insurance market in Croatia and to examine the perceptions of winemakers as to the use of insurance as a risk management instrument in viticulture. Winegrowers’ perceptions of insurance as a risk management tool are analysed using a survey conducted in the region of Istria. The survey results are supplemented with interviews of selected insurance companies. The results show that vineyard insurance as a risk management instrument has not been sufficiently utilised. Furthermore, insurance companies assume that demand for agricultural insurance in Croatia exists, but such policies remain inadequate and disproportionate to the number and size of plantations.
The COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on the cultural and creative industries (CCI) sector and has accelerated the transition to digital culture. This article explores the impact of the ...COVID-19 pandemic on the consumption of CCI products seen from the islanders' perspective. The data were collected through a survey conducted in 2020. Results show that the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the consumption of cultural products and that socio-demographic characteristic does not influence the consumption of online cultural products during the pandemic period. The results further reveal that the increase in the consumption of online content of CCI during the pandemic was influenced by the attitude of people towards culture in the pre-pandemic time. Also, the consumption of online content of cultural products has proven to be more significant for respondents residing on small and medium-sized islands. The results could provide some valuable implications for cultural island policy.
This paper provides a clear insight into the quality of life on the level of housing estates in European countries. In doing so, the questions of housing and satisfaction with the housing situation ...in the estates as well as with surrounding areas and the neighbourhood, in general, is being considered as an important dimension of a complex research concept called the quality of life. In analysing the quality of housing, we inevitably encounter an interesting division into the so-called two different versions of Europe or two types of housing estates. In the phase of planning and constructing, they shared a common idea of designing modern and functional, mixed estates that would solve the housing question of most residents, i.e. of different social classes. However, the first type is marked by the socio-historical context of Western Europe, and the second by Eastern Europe, or as some authors like to frame it, the differences in housing quality between ‘capitalist’ and ‘socialist’ cities. From that perspective specifically, it seems useful to analyse the quality of life and the possibility of renewing both types of housing estates, by now deprived and decrepit, built after the Second World War in both types of cities. This applies equally to those in Western Europe, often marked by a significantly worse image and higher levels of socioeconomic problems (crime, segregation, deterioration and other), as well as the estates in post-socialist Europe, where large housing estates built during the socialist period remain a desirable housing option, but that are increasingly facing problems related to maintenance and upkeep of buildings and built environments (both public and communal spaces). In the last decades, in both types of estates there has been an increasing depopulation of middle and higher classes of residents, which progressively causes segregation but also deterioration in the social and physical sense. All the mentioned negative aspects of the housing quality require adopting national housing strategies and renewal programs which exist and are implemented in Western European countries, while they do not exist in most post-socialist countries, and Croatia is not an exception. Housing estates renewal should be an essential part of every country’s housing policy, aimed at alleviating or preventing further degradation of the quality of life for housing estate residents.
According to recent research, modern development in Croatia is burdened by distinct regional disparities. As differences in socioeconomic development are the key generator of spatial mobility of the ...population, this is reflected in the atrophy of demographic resources of less developed areas, and consequently in the destabilization of their population. Due to the connections between economic and demographic development, the paper examines demographic resources as an indicator and factor in the disparities occurring in the regional development of the country. Demographic resources in 2001 and 2011 on three hierarchical levels of regional development and four spatial categories are explored, as well as the composite index of development of counties in 2013. The research process includes the calculation of synthetic indicators of demographic potential – the index of demographic resources (ider) and its evaluation within the typological scale of six threshold values. The research results show that: first, Croatia has a highly uneven spatial distribution of demographic resources; second, more than half the number of the counties belong to the first development category, and only three counties to the fourth development category; third, regions in the fourth development category are characterized by favorable demographic resources, while areas in the first category are characterized by weak demographic resources; and fourth, structural and dynamic characteristics of the index of demographic resources clearly indicate specific development problems in certain parts of the country.
Literatura Arribas-Bel, Daniel, Karima Kourtit, Peter Nijkamp i John Steenbruggen, 2015, "Cyber Cities: Social Media as a Tool for Understanding Cities" Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy, 8(3), ...str. 231-247. Bergvall-Kareborn, Birgitta, Marita Holst i Anna Stahlbrost, 2009, "Concept Design with a Living Lab Approach" u Ralph H. Sprague Jr., ured., Proceedings of the 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, str. 1-10, Washington, DC.: IEEE Computer Society. Dutilleul, Benoit, Frans A. J. Birrer i Wouter Mensink, 2010, "Unpacking European Living Labs: Analysing Innovation's Social Dimensions", Central European Journal of Public Policy, 4(1), str. 60-85. Haarstad, Havard, 2016, "Constructing the Sustainable City: Examining the Role of Sustainability in the 'Smart City' Discourse", Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 19(4), str. 423-437.
Rad donosi uvid u kvalitetu života na razini stambenih naselja u europskim zemljama. Pri tome se stanovanje i zadovoljstvo stanovanjem u stambenim naseljima te okolnom prostoru i susjedstvu razmatra ...kao važna dimenzija kompleksnoga istraživačkog koncepta kvalitete života. Analiza kvalitete stanovanja donosi zanimljivu razdiobu na tzv. dvije Europe ili dva tipa stambenih naselja. U vrijeme planiranja i izgradnje zajednička im je bila ideja oblikovanja modernih i funkcionalnih, mješovitih naselja koja će riješiti stambeno pitanje većine stanovnika, odnosno različitih društvenih slojeva. Ipak, prvi tip naselja obilježava društvenopovijesni kontekst Zapadne, a drugi Istočne Europe ili, prema nekim autorima, razlike u kvaliteti stanovanja između „kapitalističkog“ i „socijalističkog grada“. Upravo se iz te perspektive čini korisnom analiza kvalitete života i mogućnost obnove sada već ostarjelih i depriviranih naselja izgrađenih nakon Drugoga svjetskog rata u oba tipa grada. Podjednako onih u Zapadnoj Europi, koje nerijetko obilježava značajno lošiji imidž i veći broj socioekonomskih problema (kriminal, segregacija, propadanje i dr.) kao i naselja u postsocijalističkoj Europi u kojoj su velika stambena naselja iz socijalističkog razdoblja još uvijek poželjna stambena opcija, ali također sa sve češćom pojavom problema vezanih uz održavanje i brigu o zgradama i izgrađenoj okolini (zajedničkim i javnim prostorima). Posljednjih desetljeća sve češće u oba tipa naselja dolazi do iseljavanja srednjih i viših slojeva stanovnika što postupno dovodi do segregacije, ali i propadanja u socijalnom i fizičkom smislu. Navedeni negativni aspekti kvalitete stanovanja zahtijevaju donošenje nacionalnih stambenih strategija i programa obnove koji u zapadnoeuropskim zemljama postoje i provode se, a u većini postsocijalističkih zemalja ne postoje, u čemu Hrvatska nije iznimka. Obnova stambenih naselja neizostavan je dio stambene politike svake zemlje kojim se može ublažiti ili spriječiti daljnje opadanje kvalitete života stanovnika tih naselja.
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