The distinction between legal and non-legal values can be made from the aspect of legal system analysis. Since the content of the legal system depends on the identification of norms that establish ...such content, the problem of the identification is crucial for any kind of consideration of legal values. In discourse of international legal scholars, we can recognize attempts to identify values which are not dependent on the existing social practice. The purpose of this paper is to analyse such an approach to legal values as opposite to the positivistic account of the law and to analyse the main objection to this non-positivist perspective.
Koncept kvazisudbenog procesa koristi se u općoj teoriji prava da bi se objasnile i vrednovale društvene pojavnosti u nacionalnom i međunarodnom pravu. Iako je pravosuđenje nužan element prava, u ...nekim je pravnim porecima moguće pronaći procese koji imaju određena obilježja pravosuđenja, ali ipak ne odgovaraju u potpunosti definiciji pravosuđenja. Dok u nacionalnim normativnim porecima ovakvi kvazisudbeni procesi postoje uz pravi proces pravosuđenja, u međunarodnom poretku kvazisudbeni procesi u potpunosti nadomještaju pravosuđenje međunarodne zajednice. U ovom članku posebno će se obraditi koncept kvazisudbenog procesa u normativnom poretku Ujedinjenih naroda iz aspekta stvarne i moguće prakse država i međunarodnih organa s obzirom na norme iz UN Povelje. Specifična obilježja ove kvazisudbene prakse pokazat će se korištenjem relevantnih pravnih interpretacija Povelje u kontekstu usporedbe dvaju koncepata: kvazisudbenog procesa i pravog pravosuđenja. Takva analiza može pridonijeti boljem razumijevanju postojeće prakse, nedostataka i mogućnosti razvoja kvazisudbenog procesa u poretku Ujedinjenih naroda.
Poustavljenje hrvatskog pravnog poretka Burazin, Luka; Gardašević, Đorđe; Krešić, Mario
Zbornik pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu,
6/2021, Letnik:
71, Številka:
2
Journal Article
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U radu se opisuje trenutačni stadij poustavljenja hrvatskog pravnog poretka primjenom Guastinijeva teorijskog modela poustavljenja pravnog poretka, koji se sastoji od tri nužna uvjeta i pet aspekata ...poustavljenja pravnih poredaka. U prvome se dijelu rada utvrđuje ispunjenost nužnih uvjeta poustavljenja hrvatskog pravnog poretka (dug, krut i sudski zajamčen ustav). U drugome dijelu rada utvrđuju se indikacije postojanja pojedinih aspekata poustavljenja hrvatskog pravnog poretka. Najprije se utvrđuje prisutnost shvaćanja o obvezujućoj snazi ustavnih normi, tj., preciznije, njihova sposobnost da učine nevaljanim zakone nespojive s Ustavom RH. Zatim se utvrđuje prisutnost korištenja tehnike nadtumačenja ustava u praksi Ustavnog suda Republike Hrvatske. Nadalje, utvrđuje se primjenjuju li sudci hrvatskih redovnih (ne-ustavnih) sudova ustavne norme neposredno, tj. odlučuju li u konkretnim sporovima neposredno na temelju ustavnih normi. Zatim se utvrđuje korištenje tehnike prilagođujućeg tumačenja zakona u praksi Ustavnog suda RH. Konačno, utvrđuje se utjecaj Ustava RH na političke odnose u Republici Hrvatskoj.
The present article constructs the concept of a scientific approach to law as consisting of non-cognitivism, monistic ontology, non-formalism, non-reductionism of law to linguistic outputs, a ...(two-level) description of reality, falsifiability and rationality. The article claims that: the scientific approach to law, as constructed in this article, presents the key element of Alf Ross’ theory on law; and that the concept of legal consciousness plays important methodological and explanatory roles in this scientific approach to law.
Ovaj članak konstruira pojam znanstvenog pristupa pravu koji se sastoji od nekognitivizma, monističke ontologije, neformalizma, neredukcionizma kojim se odbacuje redukcija prava na lingvističke rezultate, (dvorazinskog) opisivanja stvarnosti, opovrgljivosti i racionalnosti. U članku se tvrdi da: znanstveni pristup pravu, kako je konstruiran u ovom članku, predstavlja ključni element teorije prava Alfa Rossa te da pojam pravne svijesti ima važne metodološke i objašnjavajuće funkcije u ovom znanstvenom pristupu pravu.
The distinction between legal and non-legal values can be made from the aspect of legal system analysis. Since the content of the legal system depends on the identification of norms that establish ...such content, the problem of the identification is crucial for any kind of consideration of legal values. In discourse of international legal scholars, we can recognize attempts to identify values which are not dependent on the existing social practice. The purpose of this paper is to analyse such an approach to legal values as opposite to the positivistic account of the law and to analyse the main objection to this non-positivist perspective.
The concept of the rule of law, at least as understood in the discourse on national law, includes the element of compulsory adjudication. At the same time the formulated norm on universal compulsory ...adjudication is missing in general international law, as well as in the particular regional order regulating relations of European states. Although this gap between the concept and practice could be perceived as an intriguing theoretical and practical problem which attracts thoughtful analysis, this is not the case in contemporary debates. In the practical discourse on the development of general international law there has been no progress regarding the implementation of the concept for centuries. The progress of the European order, even if it manifests signs of an emerging norm on compulsory international adjudication, still has to be confirmed by formulated norms. The reluctance to resolve this gap between the concept and practice causes practical problems e.g., tensions between states. In the theoretical discourse the problem already exists by the very fact of insufficient scientific attention given to this problem. The central issue for a consistent legal theory is the explanation of international law without compulsory adjudication. The purpose of this contribution is to analyse the arguments in favour of compulsory adjudication in international law. The arguments are presented by following the insights on this issue provided by Kelsen and Lauterpacht. Theoretical questions to be answered are the following: a) what are the theoretical assumptions on which the concept of compulsory international adjudication is grounded; and b) what are the objections to these assumptions from the realistic approach to law.
The paper deals with assessment of the practices of international relations regarding the protection of peace, legal certainty and equality. These values are important for the argument in favour of ...the compulsory international adjudication. In view of the realistic challenges to this argument, the paper aims at answering the questions if these three values are protected by applicable norms of international law, whether the principles protecting these values, if they exist in the international law, are above the principle of protecting the autonomy of states as the basis for the omnis judex rule, and finally, if these values are involved in axiological hierarchies formed by the actors formulating and interpreting the international norms. The answers to the first two questions will be given by the means of an empirical assessment of international practices, whereas the answer to the third question will be provided by identifying attitudes towards international relations based on interpretation of existing practices through models of coordination and subordination.
The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of peace in the theory of international law of Hans Kelsen and Hersh Lauterpacht. The 1960 shift in Kelsen' s approach to the role of peace will be ...elaborated in detail. Along with the theoretical account on the connection between peace and law, both authors have directed their theories to practical matters in the existing international legal system. At the end of the analysis, the similarities and differences between Kelsen and Lauterpacht will be described.
Cilj ovog članka je analizirati ulogu mira u teorijama međunarodnog prava Hansa Kelsena i Hersha Lauterpachta. Posebno će se obraditi promjena u Kelsenovom pristupu ulozi mira nakon 1960 godine. Uz teorijska razmatranja povezanosti mira i prava, oba autora su usmjerili svoje teorije prema praktičnim problemima. Na kraju analize prikazat će se sličnosti i razlike između Kelsena i Lauterpachta.
Kantorowiczev pojam presudivosti u njegovoj definiciji prava upućuje na karakterističan pristup utvrðivanju sadržaja prava. Ovaj pristup može se shvatiti kao kritika pozitivizma 19. stoljeća, ali i ...kao pristup koji pripada teorijama kritički usmjerenima prema pravnom pozitivizmu 20. stoljeća. U ovom članku analizirat ćemo Kantorowiczev pojam presudivosti, povezati ga s njegovim širim shvaćanjem sadržaja prava te pokazati kako se na temelju pojma presudivosti može uspostaviti razlika izmeðu Kantorowiczeve teorije i obje vrste pozitivističkih teorija. Razlike u odnosu na poslijeratni pozitivizam pokazat ćemo kroz usporedbu Kantorowiczeve teorije s teorijama H. L. A. Harta i Ronalda Dworkina.
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