We investigate the mode coupling dynamics in different fiber types for mechanical movement. It is shown that the power fluctuations in graded index fibers are significantly smaller and slower than in ...step index fibers. The mode dependent dynamics are dominant over the polarization dependent ones.
The ever-increasing Internet traffic demand introduces new challenges for telecommunications carriers. Telecom networks will have to be upgraded to cope with the new capacity requirements. However, ...deploying enough capacity is not the only requirement for network operators. The impact of new technologies in terms of capital investment and energy consumption becomes a key issue. There is a special interest in investigating new mechanisms and technologies to improve the energy efficiency of future networks, while maintaining the high reliability and service availability of current optical transport networks. This article evaluates the energy- and cost-efficiency of an innovative flexible-grid orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) -based network and compares them with those for conventional wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) networks. Due to the importance of resilience in optical transport networks, the study considers and evaluates different protection schemes. The results demonstrate the potential energy efficiency improvements that can be achieved by an elastic OFDM-based technology, especially when a shared protection scheme is adopted, and give an insight into the potential cost benefits that such a novel technology can offer to telecommunication carriers.
Our previously presented modelling approach for EDFA spectral hole burning has been extended to be valid at various operating points. It is successfully applied for three different input signals with ...strong local saturation.
A compact integrated all-optical wavelength converter based on an asymmetric Sagnac loop is demonstrated. We show that a 40-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero data signal can be converted over the entire C-band ...employing an asymmetric Sagnac loop. Compared to the back-to-back configuration, a receiver sensitivity power penalty of less then 2.1 dB is measured for both up- and down-conversion.
We measure mode group resolved polarization rotations caused by fiber bending in a 10-mode-GI-Fiber. For the fundamental mode of the GI-Fiber, we observe faster rotations than predicted from ...simulations.
An energy efficiency comparison of conventional path protection schemes for fixed-grid WDM and flexible-grid OFDM-based networks has been carried out. The survivable elastic network with SP scheme ...was found to offer the best energy efficiency per GHz at any traffic load value.
The selective placement of additional Hybrid Raman-EDFA amplification provides an effective mechanism to improve the energy and spectral efficiency of mixed-line-rate WDM networks. The energy ...efficiency per GHz is increased up to 50% and the network capacity is doubled.
We show that the nonlinear impairments in mode-division multiplexing systems scale opposite to the spatial density of modes in multimode fibers with a constant numerical aperture.
We propose an optimization on the amplifier placement to enhance the energy efficiency of the future optical transport networks based on WDM with mixed line rate transmissions. Simulation results ...show significant energy efficiency per GHz improvements of up to 74% thanks to the deployment of additional amplifiers, allowing for the utilization of more energy and spectral efficient modulation formats.
We investigate modal gain differences of a graded-index EDFA for different mode counts in a system upgrade scenario. We find that the mode dependent gain can decrease with the number of modes.
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