Parmelia serrana A. Crespo, M.C. Molina & D. Hawksw. is reported here for the first time from Poland. The species has been recorded from more than 20 localities and exclusively on the bark of trees. ...Its general distribution, habitat requirements, morphology, secondary chemistry are provided and the differences between this species and similar taxa, especially P. saxatilis and P. ernstiae, are discussed.
In a study of the genus Cetrelia in Poland, four taxa have been identified, two of which, C. chicitae and C. monachorum, are reported for the first time from the country. All taxa differ in chemistry ...and subtle morphological characters. Cetrelia monachorum is the commonest member of the genus in Poland (237 records), whereas C. chicitae is known only from 6 records. All taxa are endangered, and three, C. cetrarioides, C. chicitae and C. olivetorum, appear to be critically so, thus deserving the category CR; although C. monachorum is the most frequent, it is not common and should be treated as endangered (EN). The distribution of all taxa, their habitat requirements, as well as morphology and secondary chemistry, are discussed.
Lichenochora tertia is a new lichenicolous fungus described from Peruvian Andes. The species is characterized by small perithecia deeply immersed in the thallus of Xanthoria elegans and small, ...narrowly ellipsoidal ascospores with subtle torus along the septum; the fungus
does not induce gall formation.
Botryolepraria neotropica is described as new species from Bolivia, Cuba, and Peru. The phylogenetic affinities of the new species as well as of B. lesdainii are inferred by mean of the LSU and ITS ...regions of the fungal nuclear genome and Bayesian and ML phylogenetic inference. Our results showed that Botryolepraria belongs to the order Verrucariales, although the exact phylogenetic relationships are still unresolved.
Notes for genera: Ascomycota Wijayawardene, Nalin N.; Hyde, Kevin D.; Rajeshkumar, Kunhiraman C. ...
Fungal diversity,
09/2017, Letnik:
86, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Knowledge of the relationships and thus the classification of fungi, has developed rapidly with increasingly widespread use of molecular techniques, over the past 10–15 years, and continues to ...accelerate. Several genera have been found to be polyphyletic, and their generic concepts have subsequently been emended. New names have thus been introduced for species which are phylogenetically distinct from the type species of particular genera. The ending of the separate naming of morphs of the same species in 2011, has also caused changes in fungal generic names. In order to facilitate access to all important changes, it was desirable to compile these in a single document. The present article provides a list of generic names of
Ascomycota
(approximately 6500 accepted names published to the end of 2016), including those which are lichen-forming. Notes and summaries of the changes since the last edition of ‘Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi’ in 2008 are provided. The notes include the number of accepted species, classification, type species (with location of the type material), culture availability, life-styles, distribution, and selected publications that have appeared since 2008. This work is intended to provide the foundation for updating the ascomycete component of the “Without prejudice list of generic names of
Fungi
” published in 2013, which will be developed into a list of protected generic names. This will be subjected to the XIXth International Botanical Congress in Shenzhen in July 2017 agreeing to a modification in the rules relating to protected lists, and scrutiny by procedures determined by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi (NCF). The previously invalidly published generic names
Barriopsis
,
Collophora
(as
Collophorina
),
Cryomyces
,
Dematiopleospora
,
Heterospora
(as
Heterosporicola
),
Lithophila
,
Palmomyces
(as
Palmaria
) and
Saxomyces
are validated, as are two previously invalid family names,
Bartaliniaceae
and
Wiesneriomycetaceae
. Four species of
Lalaria
, which were invalidly published are transferred to
Taphrina
and validated as new combinations.
Catenomycopsis
Tibell & Constant. is reduced under
Chaenothecopsis
Vain., while
Dichomera
Cooke is reduced under
Botryosphaeria
Ces. & De Not. (Art. 59).
Lichens, symbiotic consortia of lichen-forming fungi and their photosynthetic partners have long had an extremely poor fossil record. However, recently over 150 new lichens were identified from ...European Paleogene amber and here we analyse crustose lichens from the new material. Three fossil lichens belong to the extant genus Ochrolechia (Ochrolechiaceae, Lecanoromycetes) and one fossil has conidiomata similar to those produced by modern fungi of the order Arthoniales (Arthoniomycetes). Intriguingly, two fossil Ochrolechia specimens host lichenicolous fungi of the genus Lichenostigma (Lichenostigmatales, Arthoniomycetes). This confirms that both Ochrolechia and Lichenostigma already diversified in the Paleogene and demonstrates that also the specific association between the fungi had evolved by then. The new fossils provide a minimum age constraint for both genera at 34 million years (uppermost Eocene).
Five lichen species new to Poland Kossowska, Maria; Kubiak, Dariusz; Kowalewska, Agnieszka ...
Folia cryptogamica Estonica,
06/2022, Letnik:
59
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Athallia cerinelloides, Caloplaca ulcerosa, Flavoplaca arcis, Lecanora sinuosa and Sclerophora amabilis are reported for the first time from Poland. Descriptions, notes on similar species, habitat ...preferences and general distribution are provided for each species.
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•Large-scale molecular phylogenetic synthesis of the third largest class of fungi.•Based on a cumulative supermatrix approach of >1100 species representing all orders.•Up to ca. 8kb ...from four nuclear and one mitochondrial genes were included per species.•Comprehensive revision of classification including 74 taxonomic conclusions.•A new module “Hypha” of the Mesquite software is introduced.
The Lecanoromycetes is the largest class of lichenized Fungi, and one of the most species-rich classes in the kingdom. Here we provide a multigene phylogenetic synthesis (using three ribosomal RNA-coding and two protein-coding genes) of the Lecanoromycetes based on 642 newly generated and 3329 publicly available sequences representing 1139 taxa, 317 genera, 66 families, 17 orders and five subclasses (four currently recognized: Acarosporomycetidae, Lecanoromycetidae, Ostropomycetidae, Umbilicariomycetidae; and one provisionarily recognized, ‘Candelariomycetidae’). Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses on four multigene datasets assembled using a cumulative supermatrix approach with a progressively higher number of species and missing data (5-gene, 5+4-gene, 5+4+3-gene and 5+4+3+2-gene datasets) show that the current classification includes non-monophyletic taxa at various ranks, which need to be recircumscribed and require revisionary treatments based on denser taxon sampling and more loci. Two newly circumscribed orders (Arctomiales and Hymeneliales in the Ostropomycetidae) and three families (Ramboldiaceae and Psilolechiaceae in the Lecanorales, and Strangosporaceae in the Lecanoromycetes inc. sed.) are introduced. The potential resurrection of the families Eigleraceae and Lopadiaceae is considered here to alleviate phylogenetic and classification disparities. An overview of the photobionts associated with the main fungal lineages in the Lecanoromycetes based on available published records is provided. A revised schematic classification at the family level in the phylogenetic context of widely accepted and newly revealed relationships across Lecanoromycetes is included. The cumulative addition of taxa with an increasing amount of missing data (i.e., a cumulative supermatrix approach, starting with taxa for which sequences were available for all five targeted genes and ending with the addition of taxa for which only two genes have been sequenced) revealed relatively stable relationships for many families and orders. However, the increasing number of taxa without the addition of more loci also resulted in an expected substantial loss of phylogenetic resolving power and support (especially for deep phylogenetic relationships), potentially including the misplacements of several taxa. Future phylogenetic analyses should include additional single copy protein-coding markers in order to improve the tree of the Lecanoromycetes. As part of this study, a new module (“Hypha”) of the freely available Mesquite software was developed to compare and display the internodal support values derived from this cumulative supermatrix approach.
Taxonomy and diversity of symptomatic lichenicolous fungi (visible as fruitbodies on lichen thalli, their discoloration, and/or deformation) and their specificity to lichen hosts is becoming more and ...more studied. However, information on their ecology is still scarce. We assess how large the specialization of these fungi towards their hosts and microhabitat is. Epiphytic, epixylic and epigeic lichens and associated lichenicolous fungi were studied on 144 permanent plots in Białowieża Forest in relation to forest communities, species of tree phorophyte and substrates. On all these three studied levels lichenicolous fungi were more specialized than their lichen hosts. Our study provides the first estimation of ecological dependences between associations of lichenicolous fungi and their hosts, microhabitats and forest communities in a primeval forest ecosystem representative of lowland Europe.
•We studied symptomatic lichenicolous fungi and their lichen hosts in ancient forests.•We asked whether fungi or lichens are more specialized to habitat.•Lichenicolous fungi were more specialized than their lichen hosts.•This is the first complex study on ecology of these organisms in European forests.
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