The article publishes and investigates the materials of the excavations of 1976 and 1980 at the Shestakovo-II burial mound in the Chebulinsky district of the Kemerovo region. The burial monument is ...located in the Achinsko-Mariinsky forest-steppe on the second floodplain terrace of the Kia River near the village of Shestakovo, next to other archaeological sites investigated (the Shestakovo-I settlement, the Shestakovo-II settlement and the Shestakovo i burial mound), which belong to the final stage of the early Iron Age and form a single archaeological cultural and chronological complex Excavation materials are systematized at the level of elements of burial structures, memorial funeral rite, burial method and burial equipment. A comparative analysis of published materials with sources from neighboring territories and the valley of the middle reaches of the Kii River is carried out. It is concluded that the published sources are close to the excavation materials of the objects of the third and fourth stages of the Shestakovo i burial mound, which is a reference site for the Shestakovo archaeological culture of the transitional Tagaro-Tashtyk time in the Achinsk-Mariinsky forest-steppe in 1979. Based on the statement that the Tesin archaeological culture of the 3rd century BC is the middle of the 3rd century in the steppes of the Middle Yenisei is a synchronous Shestakov archaeological culture of the Achinsk- Mariinsky forest-steppe and, taking into account the observations made by various authors about the late creation of similar processes in this region, we model a cultural and chronological development scheme. This suggests that the Shestakov archaeological culture could have function from the 2nd century BC to the 4th century. This model and the analogies given to the materials from the Shestakovo II burial mound allow us to date this monument to the 3rd — 4th centuries and attribute it to the final stage of the development of the Shestakovo archaeological culture. Key words: Achinsk-Mariinsky forest-steppe, finale of the early Iron Age, Shestakovo-II burial ground, Shestakovo archaeological culture
This study describes the successful upgrade of a mechanically pumped CO2 two-phase cooling system in space by designing a new pump module for the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 on the International ...Space Station. Key factors for mission success are emphasized, including achieving high coolant filling accuracy within 10% of the target and maintaining system stability within ±1 °C. The impact of adding radiators to improve cooling efficiency is examined, and it is found that operating multi-radiators out-of-phase does not significantly affect system reliability. The centrifugal pump design is shown to allow for better lubricant circulation, while the in-house designed controller incorporates protective measures to prevent cavitation, overheating, and over-current. This research advances the understanding of circulation loop systems and their upgrades in space and demonstrates the potential for extending the lifetime of space-borne mechanically pumped two-phase cooling systems.
•First in-space upgrade of a pumped two-phase cooling system.•Quantitative on-orbit fluid transfer achieves 7% accuracy.•Superior system control stability of 1 °C with multiple out-f-phase radiators.•Prolonged mechanical pump lifetime via hardware and software manners.
Properties of discharge in the narrow gap glass RPC Semak, A; Ammosov, V; Gapienko, V ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2000, Letnik:
456, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Properties of discharges in a 2 mm glass Resistive Plate Chamber were investigated using the light amplifier for optical pictures and the digital scope for waveforms of induced pick-up signals. ...Multiple discharges were observed for different tetrafluoroethane-based gas mixtures both in ‘avalanche’ and ‘streamer’ modes. Multiple discharges substantially increase the spatial size of the initial discharge caused by a through-going particle ionisation. Average spatial characteristics and typical optical pictures are presented. Space–time relationships for the streamer do not show any prominent dependence.
A small glass RPC filled with Ar/Isob./Freon mixture has been exposed to a UV
laser light. Avalanche and streamer regimes of discharge were reached in a
fixed region of the RPC exited by the UV. A ...dependence of avalanche to streamer
transition process on the laser beam intensity and on the applied high voltage
was studied. Two types of the streamer signal have been observed. Using a CCD
TV camera, pictures on multi-streamer propagation over RPC were obtained.
In 62 patients with angina pectoris of different functional classes, physical stress tolerance has been compared to changes of apexcardiographic variables in the postural test. It has been ...demonstrated that anginal patients have abnormal relaxation velocity and left ventricular filling. Passive volume redistribution test allows one to reveal diastolic myocardial dysfunction, severity of which is related to the degree of coronary insufficiency.
A small glass RPC filled with Ar/Isob./Freon mixture has been exposed to a UV laser light. Avalanche and streamer regimes of discharge were reached in a fixed region of the RPC exited by the UV. A ...dependence of avalanche to streamer transition process on the laser beam intensity and on the applied high voltage was studied. Two types of the streamer signal have been observed. Using a CCD TV camera, pictures on multi-streamer propagation over RPC were obtained.
Progress achieved in the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) with surgical, radiation, and hormonal therapies has drastically reduced mortality from this disease. Yet, patients with advanced PCa have ...few, if any, curative options. Recent success in treating patients with hematological malignancies of B-cell origin using T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) has inspired multiple groups worldwide to adapt this approach to the problem of late-stage PCa.
To summarize the available clinical results for CAR T-cell therapy of PCa and discuss future technological advancements in the CAR T-cell field that may help patients with metastatic PCa.
A literature review was conducted of clinical trial data, abstracts presented at recent oncology conferences, as well as reports highlighting critical bottlenecks of CAR T-cell therapy that became apparent from preclinical and clinical studies.
Current understanding of why CAR T-cell therapy may fail, particularly in the context of solid cancers, is as follows. First, a CAR design that provides potent activity and persistence of engineered T cells in the hostile tumor microenvironment is a must. The choice of the targetable epitope(s) is critical to counteract tumor antigen escape. Preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy can be enhanced significantly in combination with other therapeutic approaches. We propose that several improvements to CAR design and patient conditioning, such as unbiased identification of novel PCa-specific CAR targets, use of next-generation (multispecific, resistant to the tumor microenvironment, and with prolonged persistence) CAR T-cell products, and combination therapies may translate into improved patient outcomes and more durable responses.
Although significant preclinical experience of testing CAR T cells in solid cancer models has identified important technological and biological bottlenecks, information from clinical trials, particularly those focusing on the PCa, will be instrumental to the rational design of advanced CAR T therapies that will be both safe and effective in patients with advanced PCa.
So far, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has not shown significant activity in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). CAR T-cell products used for such trials represent one of the pioneering efforts to adapt this technology to the problem of metastatic PCa. In retrospect, both CAR design and cell composition appear to have been suboptimal to expect strong patient responses. Given the impressive results of CAR-based approaches observed in preclinical models of solid cancers, emerging CAR T-cell products are expected to be more successful in the clinic. Here, we discuss the challenges that need to be overcome to boost the efficacy of PCa-targeted CAR T-cell therapy and call for dialogue between clinicians and cell biologists to address these challenges.
Significant improvements in target selection and cellular engineering are required to make chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy a valid option for patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
PDF
