Bose-Einstein correlations of identically charged pion pairs were measured by the PHENIX experiment at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at roots(NN)=200 GeV. The Bertsch-Pratt radius parameters were ...determined as a function of the transverse momentum of the pair and as a function of the centrality of the collision. Using the standard core-halo partial Coulomb fits, and a new parametrization which constrains the Coulomb fraction as determined from the unlike-sign pion correlation, the ratio R-out/R-side is within 0.8-1.1 for 0.25<<k(T)><1.2 GeV/c. The centrality dependence of all radii is well described by a linear scaling in N-part(1/3), and R-out/R-side for <k(T)>similar to0.45 GeV/c is approximately constant at unity as a function of centrality.
We report on the yield of protons and antiprotons, as a function of centrality and transverse momentum, in Au+Au collisions at rootS(NN)=200 GeV measured at midrapidity by the PHENIX experiment at ...the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In central collisions at intermediate transverse momenta (1.5<p(T)<4.5 GeV/c) a significant fraction of all produced particles are protons and antiprotons. They show a centrality-scaling behavior different from that of pions. The (p) over bar/pi and p/pi ratios are enhanced compared to peripheral Au+Au, p+p, and e(+)e(-) collisions. This enhancement is limited to p(T)<5 GeV/c as deduced from the ratio of charged hadrons to pi(0) measured in the range 1.5<p(T)<9 GeV/c.
By combining data from 160,500 individuals with breast cancer and 226,196 controls of Asian and European ancestry, we conducted genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies of breast cancer. We ...identified 222 genetic risk loci and 137 genes that were associated with breast cancer risk at a p < 5.0 × 10−8 and a Bonferroni-corrected p < 4.6 × 10−6, respectively. Of them, 32 loci and 15 genes showed a significantly different association between ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer after Bonferroni correction. Significant ancestral differences in risk variant allele frequencies and their association strengths with breast cancer risk were identified. Of the significant associations identified in this study, 17 loci and 14 genes are located 1Mb away from any of the previously reported breast cancer risk variants. Pathways analyses including 221 putative risk genes identified multiple signaling pathways that may play a significant role in the development of breast cancer. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of and new biological insights into the genetics of this common malignancy.
Using data from 386,000 Asian- and European-ancestry women, we conducted extensive genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies that identified 222 risk loci and 137 genes in association with breast cancer risk. These studies, along with pathway analyses, provide a comprehensive understanding of and new biological insights into the genetics of breast cancer.
Abstract Background/goals Gastric dysplasia is believed to be the penultimate stage of gastric carcinogenesis. Few studies have evaluated whether there is a relationship between such risk factors and ...gastric dysplasia. This case–control study was conducted to investigate the associations between obesity, serum glucose, lipids and gastric dysplasia. Study Endoscopic findings and pathology specimens were reviewed from 1 July 1997 to 31 December 2006 in the Health Promotion Center. One hundred thirty patients have the dysplasia in the stomach during screening endoscopy. The same number of controls was evaluated and matched to the gastric dysplasia group for age and gender. Result The univariate analysis showed that the dysplasia risk was slightly increased among persons with a higher low-density lipoprotein, lower high-density lipoprotein, impaired fasting glucose and higher total cholesterol. However, a higher body mass index and higher triglyceride level were not associated with the diagnosis of gastric dysplasia. In the multivariate-adjusted model, a higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose were strongly associated with an increased risk of dysplasia compared to the controls. However, the body mass index, triglyceride and total cholesterol were not associated with the risk for dysplasia. Conclusion Hyperglycaemia and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol appear to be associated with the risk for gastric dysplasia. Further epidemiologic studies including a large cohort of patients with gastric dysplasia and adenocarcinoma are needed to clarify the association of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum glucose and gastric carcinogenesis.
Data from Au+ Au interactions at s(NN)=130 GeV, obtained with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, are used to investigate local net charge fluctuations among particles ...produced near midrapidity. According to recent suggestions, such fluctuations may carry information from the quark-gluon plasma. This analysis shows that the fluctuations are dominated by a stochastic distribution of particles, but are also sensitive to other effects, like global charge conservation and resonance decays.
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 200 common genetic variants independently associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but the causal variants and target genes are ...mostly unknown. We sought to fine-map all known CRC risk loci using GWAS data from 100,204 cases and 154,587 controls of East Asian and European ancestry. Our stepwise conditional analyses revealed 238 independent association signals of CRC risk, each with a set of credible causal variants (CCVs), of which 28 signals had a single CCV. Our cis-eQTL/mQTL and colocalization analyses using colorectal tissue-specific transcriptome and methylome data separately from 1299 and 321 individuals, along with functional genomic investigation, uncovered 136 putative CRC susceptibility genes, including 56 genes not previously reported. Analyses of single-cell RNA-seq data from colorectal tissues revealed 17 putative CRC susceptibility genes with distinct expression patterns in specific cell types. Analyses of whole exome sequencing data provided additional support for several target genes identified in this study as CRC susceptibility genes. Enrichment analyses of the 136 genes uncover pathways not previously linked to CRC risk. Our study substantially expanded association signals for CRC and provided additional insight into the biological mechanisms underlying CRC development.
PDF
