Abstract Background It has been reported that the proteinuria is an early useful marker to detect cyclosporine (CsA) nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiproteinuric ...effects of green tea extract (GTE) on CsA-induced acute renal injury in rats. Methods The rats ( n = 28) were divided into four groups ( n = 7/group); controls intraperitoneally (IP) injected with 0.9% saline; CsA group IP injected CsA (50 mg/kg); inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor group administered in addition NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (12 mmol/L) subcutaneously and CsA-GTE group of CsA IP plus GTE (100 mg/kg) subcutaneously. Results The 24-hour urine proteins were significantly increased among the CsA (22.6 ± 3.1 mg/d) compared with the control (7.1 ± 1.5 mg/d) and significantly decreased in the CsA-GTE group (8.2 ± 1.8 mg/d, P < .01). Nitric oxide production induces by CsA treatment was significantly suppressed by GTE and iNOS inhibitor. Renal tissue malondialdehyde level was significantly increased in the CsA compared with controls and significantly decreased in the CsA-GTE group. The antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dysmutase and catalase, which were significantly suppressed in the CsA compared with the control group, were restored in the CsA-GTE cohort. Conclusion GTE treatment of rats showed meaningful antiproteinuric effects through antioxidative activity in kidneys from CsA-induced acute renal injury.
The Nd–Zr–Al–Co alloy system undergoes metastable liquid phase separation over a wide composition range during quenching and subsequently solidifies into two different Nd-rich and Zr-rich amorphous ...phases. As-quenched samples consist of two amorphous phases of spherical shape with a wide range of length scale (from several nm to μm), and exhibit two distinct exothermic reactions during continuous heating. Viscosity and magnetic properties have been measured to identify potential practical applications of phase-separating metallic glasses.
The anti-human rhinovirus (HRV) activity of orobol 7-O- d-glucoside (O7G) from Lagerstroemia speciosa L. (Lythraceae) was evaluated in Hela cells. We tested anti-HRV activity of O7G using a ...cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction method, which exhibited broad-spectrum anti-HRVs activity with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) ranging from 0·58 to 8·80 μg ml⁻¹. The 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC₅₀) of O7G is more than 100 μg ml⁻¹, and the derived therapeutic indices are more than 12. Ribavirin didn't possess antiviral activity against HRV15, HRV3 and HRV5, but exhibited weak antiviral activity against HRV2 and HRV3, and showed strong anti-HRV6 and -14 activities. These results suggest that O7G is a novel drug class with broad spectrum antiviral activity against HRV species A (HRV1B, HRV2, HRV15 and HRV40) and species B (HRV3, HRV6 and HRV14), as well as pleconaril-resistant virus (HRV5). Therefore, these findings provide important information for the utilization of Q7G promising broad spectrum for human rhinovirus treatment.
This paper deals with development activities of high temperature superconducting (HTS) synchronous motor at DOOSAN heavy industry and Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI) in Korea, and ...is sponsored by DAPAS program which is supported by Korean government. The final aim of the project is realization of HTS motor in the field of industry such as large driving pumps, fans and compressors for utility and industrial environments. At present time, 1
MW HTS motor is developed for the purpose to fully represent the design and manufacturing issues for the larger capacity machine. The number of pole and rotating speed of machine are 2
pole and 3600
rpm. The HTS field coil of the developed motor is cooled by way of neon thermosyphon mechanism and the stator coil is cooled by water through hollow copper conductor. This paper describes status of 1
MW HTS motor development, such as design, fabrication and performance test results, which was conducted at steady state in generator mode and motor mode.
Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections, associated with posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) are known to develop in cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected transplant recipients due to ...the indirect effects of CMV. This study evaluated risk factors for PTLD among pediatric liver transplant recipients with CMV infections. We reviewed the medical records of 119 patients ≤18 years old who underwent liver transplantation between September 1996 and April 2009. Sixty-six subjects (55.5%) displayed CMV antigenemia during the study period; 15 (12.6%) developed PTLD. Of these, 10 developed PTLD after CMV antigenemia. The other patients ( n = 5) were excluded due to negative CMV antigenemia. The incidence of PTLD influenced by CMV infection was not significantly different from the incidence of PTLD without underlying CMV ( P = .258). There were no differences in age, gender, antiviral prophylaxis, type of liver transplantation, or acute rejection episodes in the incidence of between patients with versus without PTLD. EBV but not CMV high-risk groups were a predictor for the development of PTLD ( P = .035). CMV syndrome, tissue-invasive CMV disease, and CMV peak titer were not associated with an increased risk of PTLD. The primary risk factor for PTLD was EBV high-risk patients (donor positive/recipient negative). CMV disease was not associated with PTLD in pediatric liver transplant recipients with CMV infections.
Abstract Background The optimal statin treatment strategy that is balanced for both efficacy and safety has not been clearly determined in older adults with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods In ...the post hoc analysis of the LODESTAR (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-targeting statin therapy versus intensity-based statin therapy in patients with coronary artery disease) trial, the impact between a treat-to-target strategy versus a high-intensity statin therapy strategy was compared in older adults (aged 75 years or older). The goal of treat-to-target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was 50–70 mg/dl. The primary endpoint comprised the three-year composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke or coronary revascularisation. Results Among 4,400 patients with CAD enrolled in the LODESTAR trial, 822 (18.7%) were aged 75 years or older. Poor clinical outcomes and risk factors for atherosclerosis were more frequently observed in older adults than in younger population (<75 years old). Among these older adults with CAD, the prescription rate of high-intensity statin was significantly lower in the treat-to-target strategy group throughout the study period (P < 0.001). The mean LDL-C level for three years was 65 ± 16 mg/dl in the treat-to-target strategy group and 64 ± 18 mg/dl in the high-intensity statin group (P = 0.34). The incidence of primary endpoint occurrence was 10.9% in the treat-to-target strategy group and 12.0% in the high-intensity statin group (hazard ratio 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.61–1.38, P = 0.69). Conclusions High-intensity statin therapy is theoretically more necessary in older adults because of worse clinical outcomes and greater number of risk factors for atherosclerosis. However, the primary endpoint occurrence with a treat-to-target strategy with an LDL-C goal of 50–70 mg/dl was comparable to that of high-intensity statin therapy and reduced utilisation of a high-intensity statin. Taking efficacy as well as safety into account, adopting a tailored approach may be considered for this high-risk population. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02579499.
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